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노치권(외 6명) 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2012 自然科學論文集 Vol.22 No.-
To study fauna of Silla University located in Mt. Baek-yang, we conducted six surveys from 29 May 2011 to 28 April 2012. We found five phyla 41 orders 197 species of animals inhabiting in this area: four phyla 27 orders 163 species of invertebrates and in vertebrates one order six species of fishes, three orders nine species of amphibians and reptiles, six orders 14 species of aves, and four orders five species of mammals. Of these species, some Korean endemic species were included: a fish of Rhodeus uyekii in a pond near main gate of this university, a frog of Rana coreana in a creek near a dormitory, and a rabbit of Lepus coreanus and a water deer of Hydropotes inermis in a grass region near a main stadium. A kind of hawk, Falco tinnunculus as a natural monument (animal) of no. 323-8, was observed on a building of medical and life science. A blue frog of Hyla japonica as a variation was found near a spring resort. Therefore, this area is considered an ecologically important area having a high animal diversity.
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Evaluation of neck injury on occupants in low speed rear-end collision with braking system
Han A Lee,Dong Hyun Kim,Dong Hyun Hwang,Ye Eun Song,Dae Eun Kim,Seo Hyun Kim,Lee Yong Song,Dohyung Lim,Han Sung Kim 대한인간공학회 2015 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the braking system, which affects neck of occupants directly and vehicle kinematics refers to low speed rear-end collision. Background: Since whiplash injury is the most significant injury caused by low speed rear-end collision, we particularly examined the incidence of injury in the neck when the collision happens. Although many research have previously analyzed degree of injury occurred in various collision, which were either presence or absence of seat belt, seatback angle etc., research about the influence of braking system in collision is limited. Therefore, we focused on the influence of braking system to drivers, particularly their neck, when low speed rear-end collision happens. Method: Experiments were conducted using a sled which was simulated the low speed rear-end collision. Eleven male volunteers (average age: 25.0±1.7years; height: 173.3±2.5cm; weight: 70.1±2.9kg) participated in the experiment. Two conditions were given: 1) unaware occupant without braking, 2) unaware occupant with braking. The 3D motion captured data were collected from the results of dynamic sled tests and analyzed by calculating effective impact speed and two criteria of neck injury which include neck injury criteria (NIC), shear and tensile force on the occipital condyle. Results: The average peak effective impact speed increased in collision without the braking system as compared with the braking system (P<0.005). However, the NIC peaks showed no significant differences between with and without the braking system. The shear and tensile force on the occipital condyle increased during collision with the braking system as compared without the braking system. Conclusion: When low speed rear-end collision happened, both shear force and tensile force were measured significantly higher when a braking system was activated. Also effective impact speed, which relates to the incidence of injury, tended to be higher when a braking system was activated. These results reveal that both the braking system and vehicle kinematics are considerable factors affecting neck injury of occupants when low speed rear-end collision happens.
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( Joo Han Song ),( Korean Interstitial Lung Diseases Research Group ),( Kyung Soo Chung ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Ae Kang ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Se Kyu Kim ),( Joon Ch 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material within the alveoli. This study aims to compare clinical and laboratory features and therapeutic approach of PAP over the years. Methods: A total of 78 patients with PAP from 13 university hospitals registered in Korean Interstitial Lung Disease Research Group were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups, based on the year of diagnosis: group A withpatients diagnosed from 1993 to 2007 (n= 41) and group B diagnosed from 2008 to 2013 (n = 37). We compared group A and B using the data on demographics, smoking status, diagnostic methods, symptom at presentation, pulmonary function tests, and occupation and exposed dusts. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 41 years (range, 15-81) in group A and 48 years (range, 15-68) in group B (p=0.349). Male to female ratio was similar. In recent years, less number of patients received BAL and/or TBLB (90.2% vs 75.7%; p=0.085), while surgical lung biopsy (SLB) was performed in similar numbers (43.9% vs 45.9%; p=0.856). Although not significant, the incidence of PAP in never smoker was increased after 2008. A history of dust exposure was seen in 43.6% (39.0% vs. 48.6%; p=0.392). Thirty-five (44.9%) patients underwent whole lung lavage (WLL), which was used less in recent years (58.5% vs. 29.7%; p=0.011). Oxygenation (PaO2: n=23, p=0.016; DLco: n=13, p=0.089) markedly improved after WLL. Anti-GM CSF antibody treatment was used for 1 patient in group A (2.4%) and 3 patients in group B (8.1%; p=0.341). Overall survival was 96% (n=75). Conclusions: PAP is increasing in Korea. Dust exposure seems an important predisposingfactor. WLL is a safe procedure and yields dramatic improvements in oxygenation in PAP.
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( Myungjin Song ),( Jisoo Choi ),( Bora Yoon ),( Ah Young Leem ),( Joo Han Song ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Se Kyu Kim ),( Joon Chang ),( Moo Suk Park ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Purpose:?The aims of this study were to assess frequency of stress induced cardiomyopathy (SCMP) and predictors for incidence of SCMP in patients who admitted to medical ICU. We also explored the predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with SCMP.?Method:?It is a retrospective cohort study. A total of 338 patients admitted to medical ICU and underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) between January 2015 and December 2015 were enrolled. Definition of SCMP was defines as follows: 1) transient hypokinesis, akinesis of the left ventricular mid segments with or without apical involvement or the regional wall motion abnormalities extend beyond a single epicardial vascular distribution; 2) absence of obstructive coronary disease; 3) new EKG abnormalities or modest elevation in cardiac troponin; 4) absence of pheochromocytoma, myocarditis. Logistic regression model was used to analysis predictors for incidence of SCMP and predictors of in-hospital mortality in SCMP respectively. Cox regression model was used to analysis the influence of SCMP to mortality.?Results:?Of the 338 patients, SCMP was observed in 42 patients (12.4%). Compared to 296 patients without SCMP, patients with SCMP had lower frequency of DM (19% vs 29.2%, p=0.01), COPD (4.8% vs 16.9%, p=0.04) and higher prevalence of using mechanical ventilator (MV, 90.5% vs 71.9%, p=0.03), and lower ejection fraction (EF, 38.0±15.6 vs 61.7±11.8, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, lower BMI (odd ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.99; p=0.04) and lower EF (odd ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.92; p<0.01) were associated with development of SCMP. In a Cox regression model adjusted with several confounders (age, DM, malignancy, liver cirrhosis, shock, acute kidney injury, use of MV) SCMP showed trend to increase of 60-day mortality (p=0.052). Among 42 patients with SCMP, acute kidney injury(AKI) was the only risk factor for predicting in-hospital mortality (odd ratio, 8.19; 95% CI, 1.35 to 47.75; p=0.02).?Conclusions:?Our study showed that prevalence of SCMP was 12.4% and trend to increase of 60-day mortality of critically ill patients. In patients with SCMP, AKI was the only risk factor for predicting in-hospital mortality.
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0.18 μm CMOS 공정을 이용한 실리콘 뉴런 회로 설계
한예지(Ye-Ji Han),지성현(Sung-Hyun Ji),양희성(Hee-Sung Yang),이수현(Soo-Hyun Lee),송한정(Han-Jung Song) 한국지능시스템학회 2014 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.24 No.5
생물학적 신경 세포의 모델링을 위한 펄스타입 실리콘 뉴런 회로를 0.18 μm CMOS 공정을 이용하여 반도체 집적회로로 설계하였다. 제안하는 뉴런 회로는 입력 전류신호를 위한 커패시터 입력단과, 출력 전압신호 생성을 위한 증폭단 및 펄스신호 초기화를 위한 MOS 스위치로 구성된다. 전압신호 입력을 전류신호 출력으로 변환하는 기능의 시냅스 회로는 몇 개의 PMOS와 NMOS 트렌지스터로 이루어지는 범프회로를 사용한다. 제안하는 뉴런 모델의 검증을 위하여, 2개의 뉴런과 시냅스가 직렬연결된 뉴런체인을 구성하여 SPICE 모의실험을 실시하였다. 모의실험 결과, 뉴런신호의 생성과 시냅스 전달특성의 정상적인 동작을 확인하였다. Using 0.18 μm CMOS process silicon neuron circuit of the pulse type for modeling biological neurons, were designed in the semiconductor integrated circuit. Neuron circuiSt providing is formed by MOS switch for initializing the input terminal of the capacitor to the input current signal, a pulse signal and an amplifier stage for generating an output voltage signal. Synapse circuit that can convert the current signal output of the input voltage signal, using a bump circuit consisting of NMOS transistors and PMOS few. Configure a chain of neurons for verification of the neuron model that provides synaptic neurons and two are connected in series, were performed SPICE simulation. Result of simulation, it was confirmed the normal operation of the synaptic transmission characteristics of the signal generation of nerve cells.
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( Joo Han Song ),( Ho Sun Lee ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Kyung Soo Chung ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Ae Kang ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Se Kyu Kim ),( Joon Chang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2013 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.116 No.-
Backgrounds: Protein loss in critically ill patients correlates with morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the effects of protein provision on the clinical outcome in medical ICU. Methods: A total 236 adult patients with mechanical ventilation (MV) admitted to ICU of university hospital between January 2012 and July 2013 were included in this study. Patients with serum creatinine of >2.0 mg/dl and ICU admission duration of <3 days were excluded. Median age and body mass index (BMI) were 67 years and 22.1 kg/m2. Daily protein or energy requirements and the actual amounts prescribed were measured for 10 consecutive days from ICU admission. Results: Measured nitrogen balance within 3 days of ICU admission was -6.6 g/day (-28.2-10.3). Delivered energy and protein were 18.28 kcal/kg/day (4.73-37.25) and 0.76 g/kg/day (0.03-1.66), respectively, during ICU admission. The 28-day mortality using the Cox proportional hazard model showed a significantly decreased hazard ratio of death with increased protein provision (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.35, p=0.021) and APACHE II score >20 (HR 1.90, p=0.033) with the adjustment by age and BMI. Similar finding was observed in the 60-day mortality. Also, more patients with protein provision >0.7 g/kg/day weaned MV within 14 days of admission (p=0.035). Conclusion: In severely critical ill patients, increased provision of protein was associated with lower mortality rates by day 28 and 60 from ICU admission. Therefore, optimal protein provision in the early period of ICU care may improve clinical outcomes.Backgrounds: Protein loss in critically ill patients correlates with morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the effects of protein provision on the clinical outcome in medical ICU. Methods: A total 236 adult patients with mechanical ventilation (MV) admitted to ICU of university hospital between January 2012 and July 2013 were included in this study. Patients with serum creatinine of >2.0 mg/dl and ICU admission duration of <3 days were excluded. Median age and body mass index (BMI) were 67 years and 22.1 kg/m2. Daily protein or energy requirements and the actual amounts prescribed were measured for 10 consecutive days from ICU admission. Results: Measured nitrogen balance within 3 days of ICU admission was -6.6 g/day (-28.2-10.3). Delivered energy and protein were 18.28 kcal/kg/day (4.73-37.25) and 0.76 g/kg/day (0.03-1.66), respectively, during ICU admission. The 28-day mortality using the Cox proportional hazard model showed a significantly decreased hazard ratio of death with increased protein provision (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.35, p=0.021) and APACHE II score >20 (HR 1.90, p=0.033) with the adjustment by age and BMI. Similar finding was observed in the 60-day mortality. Also, more patients with protein provision >0.7 g/kg/day weaned MV within 14 days of admission (p=0.035). Conclusion: In severely critical ill patients, increased provision of protein was associated with lower mortality rates by day 28 and 60 from ICU admission. Therefore, optimal protein provision in the early period of ICU care may improve clinical outcomes.
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