A Comparative Study Between the Chinese Koreans and other Minority Ethnic groups in Northeast China

Lin, Yao Hua 경북대학교 환태평양연구소 1992 環太平洋硏究 Vol.5 No.-

중국 동북지역은 주로 여섯의 소수 민족집단이 살고 있다. 그들은 만주인·한인·허저인·다우르인·에웬키인 그리고 오로케인이다. 중국의 한인인구는 지난 90년에 1백92만5백97명으로 집계됐다. 대부분은 동북 중국의 3성에 살고 있다. 가장 밀집된 한인공동체로서 지린성안의 얀비안 한인자치도에는 76만명의 한인들이 거주하고 있다. 대부분의 한인들은 농부들인데 벼농사를 짓는 사람들이다. 고고학적 자료에 따르면, 일찌기 1만년 혹은 2만년전에 쐐기모양의 돌심에 의해 특징지워지는 같은 혈족의 문화가 동북 중국·몽골·남시베리아·한반도 그리고 일본 열도에 퍼져 있다. 동북 야만인들은 한인을 포함한 여섯 민족집단의 공통조상들이다. 그들은 신체특징상 가깝고, 알타이어족의 퉁구스집단에 속한다. 지금까지 한국어의 계통에 관한 결론은 없다. 그러나 학계에서는 한국의 독특한 언어가 알타이어족에 속한다고 믿는 경향이 있다. 중국 동북지역 여섯 민족집단중 다섯 집단은 문자로 된 기록을 갖고 있지 않으며 그들 자신의 글자를 사용하는 것을 중지해버렸다. 그들 자신의 민족언어들도 또한 사양길에 접어들었다. 이에반해 한국말과 글쓰기는 여전히 구실을 다하고 있고, 한국문화의 번창에 발맞추어 발전하고 있다. 민족집단으로서 한인들은 여러가지 종교를 믿는다. 토속샤머니즘외에도 중국 한민족의 종교, 즉 동양의 가르침에 대한 고유한 믿음(도교)과 유교와 불교가 있으며 서양에서 소개된 기독교와 천주교가 있다. 이것들 가운데 역사상 가장 영향력을 많이 끼친 종교는 유교와 불교였다 오늘날 이 두종교의 힘은 사양길에 접어들고 있다. 하지만 그것들의 영향력은 한인민족이념과 사회적 행동에 깊이 뿌리박혀 있다. 한인들은 중국에서 성공한 민족집단이다. 교육수준은 중국전체에서 소수민족가운데 가장 높다. 한인들은 외부세계에 개방적이며 새로운 것들을 받아들일 준비가 되어있다.

Cordycepin protects against β-amyloid and ibotenic acid-induced hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuronal hyperactivity

Yao, Li-Hua,Wang, Jinxiu,Liu, Chao,Wei, Shanshan,Li, Guoyin,Wang, Songhua,Meng, Wei,Liu, Zhi-Bin,Huang, Li-Ping The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.6

Cordycepin exerts neuroprotective effects against excitotoxic neuronal death. However, its direct electrophysiological evidence in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying the protective effect of cordycepin against the excitotoxic neuronal insult in AD using whole-cell patch clamp techniques. ${\beta}$-Amyloid ($A{\beta}$) and ibotenic acid (IBO)-induced injury model in cultured hippocampal neurons was used for the purpose. The results revealed that cordycepin significantly delayed $A{\beta}$ + IBO-induced excessive neuronal membrane depolarization. It increased the onset time/latency, extended the duration, and reduced the slope in both slow and rapid depolarization. Additionally, cordycepin reversed the neuronal hyperactivity in $A{\beta}$ + IBO-induced evoked action potential (AP) firing, including increase in repetitive firing frequency, shortening of evoked AP latency, decrease in the amplitude of fast afterhyperpolarization, and increase in membrane depolarization. Further, the suppressive effect of cordycepin against $A{\beta}$ + IBO-induced excessive neuronal membrane depolarization and neuronal hyperactivity was blocked by DPCPX (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine, an adenosine $A_1$ receptor-specific blocker). Collectively, these results revealed the suppressive effect of cordycepin against the $A{\beta}$ + IBO-induced excitotoxic neuronal insult by attenuating excessive neuronal activity and membrane depolarization, and the mechanism through the activation of $A_1R$ is strongly recommended, thus highlighting the therapeutic potential of cordycepin in AD.

SOME DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN NETWORK DATABASE DESIGN

Yao Wan Sheng,Xu Shu Hua,Wang Xiao Li,Zhao Man Hua 대한전자공학회 1992 대한전자공학회 Conference Vol.1992 No.2

An optimized microwave-assisted extraction method for increasing yields of rare ginsenosides from Panax quinquefolius L.

Yao, Hua,Li, Xuwen,Liu, Ying,Wu, Qian,Jin, Yongri The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4

Background: Rare ginsenosides in Panax quinquefolius L. have strong bioactivities. The fact that it is hard to obtain large amounts of rare ginsenosides seriously restricts further research on these compounds. An easy, fast, and efficient method to obtain different kinds of rare ginsenosides simultaneously and to quantify each one precisely is urgently needed. Methods: Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used to extract nine kinds of rare ginsenosides from P. quinquefolius L. In this article, rare ginsenosides [20(S)-Rh1, 20(R)-Rh1, Rg6, F4, Rk3, 20(S)-Rg3, 20(R)-Rg3, Rk1, and Rg5] were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. The quantity information of rare ginsenosides was analyzed by HPLC-UV at 203 nm. Results: The optimal conditions for MAE were using water as solvent with the material ratio of 1:40 (w/v) at a temperature of $145^{\circ}C$, and extracting for 15 min under microwave power of 1,600 W. Seven kinds of rare ginsenosides [20(S)-Rh1, 20(R)-Rh1, Rg6, F4, Rk3, Rk1, and Rg5] had high extraction yields, but those of 20(S)-Rg3 and 20(R)-Rg3 were lower. Compared with the conventional method, the extraction yields of the nine rare ginsenosides were significantly increased. Conclusion: The results indicate that rare ginsenosides can be extracted effectively by MAE from P. quinquefolius L. in a short time. Microwave radiation plays an important role in MAE. The probable generation process of rare ginsenosides is also discussed in the article. It will be meaningful for further investigation or application of rare ginsenosides.

Comparative Genomics Profiling of Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori in Chinese Populations Using DNA Microarray

Yue-Hua Han,Wen-Zhong Liu,Yao-Zhou Shi,Li-Qiong Lu,Shudong Xiao,Qing-Hua Zhang,Guo-Ping Zhao 한국미생물학회 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.1

In order to search for specific genotypes related to this unique phenotype, we used whole genomic DNA microarray to characterize the genomic diversity of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains isolated from clinical patients in China.The open reading frame (ORF) fragments on our microarray were generated by PCR using gene-specific primers. Genomic DNA of H. pylori 26695 and J99 were used as templates. Thirty-four H. pylori isolates were obtained from patients in Shanghai. Results were judged based on ln(x) transformed and normalized Cy3/Cy5 ratios. Our microarray included 1882 DNA fragments corresponding to 1636 ORFs of both sequenced H. pylori strains. Cluster analysis, revealed two diverse regions in the H. pylori genome that were not present in other isolates. Among the 1636 genes, 1091 (66.7%) were common to all H. pylori strains, representing the functional core of the genome. Most of the genes found in the H. pylori functional core were responsible for metabolism, cellular processes, transcription and biosynthesis of amino acids, functions that are essential to H. pylori’s growth and colonization in its host. In contrast, 522(31.9%) genes were strain-specific genes that were missing from at least one strain of H. pylori. Strainspecific genes primarily included restriction modification system components, transposase genes, hypothetical proteins and outer membrane proteins. These strain-specific genes may aid the bacteria under specific circumstances during their long-term infection in genetically diverse hosts. Our results suggest 34 H. pylori clinical strains have extensive genomic diversity. Core genes and strain-specific genes both play essential roles in H. pylori propagation and pathogenesis. Our microarray experiment may help select relatively significant genes for further research on the pathogenicity of H. pylori and development of a vaccine for H. pylori.

SOME DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN NETWORK DATABASE DESIGN

Sheng, Yao Wan,Hua, Xu Shu,Li, Wang Xiao,Hua, Zhao Man 대한전자공학회 1992 HICEC:Harbin International Conference on Electroni Vol.1 No.1

Computer Network has been widely used. Network databases design is a important technical issues. This paper presents some technical considerations in destgning a network databases. These considerations are: ratio analysis, design decision tree, syneronization and network data management.

Visible light assisted NO₂ sensing at room temperature by CdS nanoflake array

Li, Hua-Yao,Yoon, Ji-Won,Lee, Chul-Soon,Lim, Kyeorei,Yoon, Ji-Wook,Lee, Jong-Heun Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol.255 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A Highly ordered CdS nanoflake array was fabricated by CVD, and its gas sensing characteristics were investigated. The sensor exhibited high response (resistance ratio) of 89% to 5 part per million (ppm) nitrogen dioxide (NO<SUB>2</SUB>) under green LED illumination (wavelength 500–540nm, irradiance 21W/m<SUP>2</SUP>) with excellent selectivity and little interference by humidity. Moreover, the sensor showed promising potential for operating under fluorescent lamp and natural solar light, which can be used for medical diagnosis and indoor/outdoor environment monitoring. This performance is attributed to the low band gap energy (2.4eV) of CdS and the unique morphology of nanoflake array which can enhance both the light absorption and conductivity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CdS NO<SUB>2</SUB> gas sensor operated under both fluorescent lamp and natural solar light. </LI> <LI> 2D nanoflake array CdS films for enhanced light absorption and charge transport. </LI> <LI> CdS gas sensor with high response to NO<SUB>2</SUB>, little influence by humidity. </LI> <LI> Elucidation of visible-light-enhanced NO<SUB>2</SUB> sensing mechanism. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A Comparative Study of Chinese Koreans and Other Minority Ethnic Groups in Northeast China

Lin, Yao-Hua 在外韓人學會 1993 在外韓人硏究 Vol.3 No.1

Doping effect on the adsorption of Na atom onto graphenes

Li-Hua Yao,Wen-Qiang Cao,Mao-Sheng Cao 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.5

We investigate the adsorption of Na atoms on pristine graphene and four types of defect graphenes using the first-principles calculations. The adsorption energies, electronic structures, Na storage capacities and the average potentials of Na atoms on different graphenes are calculated. The adsorption energies of Na atoms on B-doped, vacancy and B-doped vacancy graphenes are 1.93 eV, 2.46 eV, and 2.08 eV, respectively, which are much lower than that of Na on the pristine graphene (0.71 eV) and Na on Ndoped graphene (0.27 eV). The orbital hybridizations in the B-doped, vacancy and B-doped vacancy graphenes can be observed from the partial density of states, while there is no obvious orbital hybridization in the N-doped graphene as well as the pristine graphene. The B-doped vacancy graphene has the best Na storage capacity, while B-doped and vacancy graphenes also possess better Na storage capacities than those of the pristine graphene and N-doped graphene. This work demonstrates that the graphene introducing both B dopant and vacancy is expected to be a potential material for storing Na.

Cordycepin protects against β–amyloid and ibotenic acid– induced hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuronal hyperactivity

Li-Hua Yao,Jinxiu Wang,Chao Liu,Shanshan Wei,Guoyin Li,Songhua Wang,Wei Meng,Zhi-Bin Liu,Li-Ping Huang 대한약리학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.6

Cordycepin exerts neuroprotective effects against excitotoxic neuronal death. However, its direct electrophysiological evidence in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying the protective effect of cordycepin against the excitotoxic neuronal insult in AD using whole-cell patch clamp techniques. β-Amyloid (Aβ) and ibotenic acid (IBO)–induced injury model in cultured hippocampal neurons was used for the purpose. The results revealed that cordycepin significantly delayed Aβ + IBO–induced excessive neuronal membrane depolarization. It increased the onset time/latency, extended the duration, and reduced the slope in both slow and rapid depolarization. Additionally, cordycepin reversed the neuronal hyperactivity in Aβ + IBO–induced evoked action potential (AP) firing, including increase in repetitive firing frequency, shortening of evoked AP latency, decrease in the amplitude of fast afterhyperpolarization, and increase in membrane depolarization. Further, the suppressive effect of cordycepin against Aβ + IBO–induced excessive neuronal membrane depolarization and neuronal hyperactivity was blocked by DPCPX (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine, an adenosine A1 receptor–specific blocker). Collectively, these results revealed the suppressive effect of cordycepin against the Aβ + IBO–induced excitotoxic neuronal insult by attenuating excessive neuronal activity and membrane depolarization, and the mechanism through the activation of A1R is strongly recommended, thus highlighting the therapeutic potential of cordycepin in AD.