Mitochondrial citrate accumulation drives alveolar epithelial cell necroptosis in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury

Yang Hui-Hui,Jiang Hui-Ling,Tao Jia-Hao,Zhang Chen-Yu,Xiong Jian-Bing,Yang Jin-Tong,Liu Yu-Biao,Zhong Wen-Jing,Guan Xin-Xin,Duan Jia-Xi,Zhang Yan-Feng,Liu Shao-Kun,Jiang Jian-Xin,Zhou Yong,Guan Cha-Xi 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Necroptosis is the major cause of death in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we report a previously unrecognized mechanism for necroptosis. We found an accumulation of mitochondrial citrate (citratemt) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated AECs because of the downregulation of Idh3α and citrate carrier (CIC, also known as Slc25a1). shRNA- or inhibitor–mediated inhibition of Idh3α and Slc25a1 induced citratemt accumulation and necroptosis in vitro. Mice with AEC-specific Idh3α and Slc25a1 deficiency exhibited exacerbated lung injury and AEC necroptosis. Interestingly, the overexpression of Idh3α and Slc25a1 decreased citratemt levels and rescued AECs from necroptosis. Mechanistically, citratemt accumulation induced mitochondrial fission and excessive mitophagy in AECs. Furthermore, citratemt directly interacted with FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) and promoted the interaction of FUNDC1 with dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), leading to excessive mitophagy-mediated necroptosis and thereby initiating and promoting ALI. Importantly, necroptosis induced by citratemt accumulation was inhibited in FUNDC1-knockout AECs. We show that citratemt accumulation is a novel target for protection against ALI involving necroptosis.

IoT-base Generic Intelligent Wireless Sensing Platform for Real-time Data Collection and Distribution Data Analysis

( Yu-cheng Yang ),( Kai-sheng Tseng ),( Xiang-yu Huang ),( Sheng-hao Chen ),( Joe-air Jiang ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

In this study, a generic intelligent wireless sensing platform with the IoT and wireless transmission technology is established for greenhouse monitoring, which is capable of greenhouse data collection and analysis. The data analyzed by a cloud server would provide important information regarding the efficiency of greenhouse management and cultivation methods. To monitor greenhouse related parameters, an embedded board is placed in a greenhouse as the gateway. Monitoring data and images collected by sensors deployed in the greenhouse are transmitted to the embedded board via an Ethernet or wireless transmission module. The data are eventually sent to a database by wireless AP. The AP connects to the internet by using a 4G USB dongle, which can provide sufficient data transmission speed for real-time data transmission. In wireless hotspots and areas with Wi-Fi, not only can images be transmitted to the cloud, but also can the mobile APP be used to perform remote monitoring, so experimental observations are no longer affected by geographical impacts. Moreover, to ensure the preservation of images and numeric data, the gateway carries a high durability secure digital (SD) memory card to store images and data; if the network encounters some problems, such as unable to connect and a lack of network traffic, the data can be stored in the SD card. Thus, the proposed platform is able to perform heavy information transmission duties and support performing all wireless monitoring tasks. In addition, the analyzed data can be used by agricultural personnel to provide critical cultivation suggestions.

Increased Serotonin Signaling Contributes to the Warburg Effect in Pancreatic Tumor Cells Under Metabolic Stress and Promotes Growth of Pancreatic Tumors in Mice

Jiang, Shu-Heng,Li, Jun,Dong, Fang-Yuan,Yang, Jian-Yu,Liu, De-Jun,Yang, Xiao-Mei,Wang, Ya-Hui,Yang, Min-Wei,Fu, Xue-Liang,Zhang, Xiao-Xin,Li, Qing,Pang, Xiu-Feng,Huo, Yan-Miao,Li, Jiao,Zhang, Jun-Feng Elsevier 2017 Gastroenterology Vol.153 No.1

<P><B>Background & Aims</B></P> <P>Desmoplasia and poor vascularity cause severe metabolic stress in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). Serotonin (5-HT) is a neuromodulator with neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine functions that contributes to tumorigenesis. We investigated the role of 5-HT signaling in the growth of pancreatic tumors.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We measured the levels of proteins that regulate 5-HT synthesis, packaging, and degradation in pancreata from Kras<SUP>G12D/+</SUP>/Trp53<SUP>R172H/+</SUP>/Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mice, which develop pancreatic tumors, as well as in PDAC cell lines and a tissue microarray containing 81 human PDAC samples. We also analyzed expression levels of proteins involved in 5-HT synthesis and degradation by immunohistochemical analysis of a tissue microarray containing 311 PDAC specimens, and associated expression levels with patient survival times. 5-HT level in 14 matched PDAC tumor and non-tumor tissues were analyzed by ELISA. PDAC cell lines were incubated with 5-HT and cell survival and apoptosis were measured. We analyzed expression of the 5-HT receptor HTR2B in PDAC cells and effects of receptor agonists and antagonists, as well as HTR2B knockdown with small hairpin RNAs. We determined the effects of 5-HT stimulation on gene expression profiles of BxPC-3 cells. Regulation of glycolysis by 5-HT signaling via HTR2B was assessed by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation analyses, as well as by determination of the extracellular acid ratio, glucose consumption, and lactate production. Primary PDACs, with or without exposure to SB204741 (a selective antagonist of HTR2B), were grown as xenograft tumors in mice, and SB204741 was administered to tumor-bearing KPC mice; tumor growth and metabolism were measured by imaging analyses.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>In immunohistochemical analysis of a tissue microarray of PDAC specimens, increased levels of TPH1 and decreased level of MAOA, which regulate 5-HT synthesis and degradation, correlated with stage and size of PDACs and shorter patient survival time. We found levels of 5-HT to be increased in human PDAC tissues compared with non-tumor pancreatic tissues, and PDAC cell lines compared with non-transformed pancreatic cells. Incubation of PDAC cell lines with 5-HT increased proliferation and prevented apoptosis. Agonists of HTR2B, but not other 5-HT receptors, promoted proliferation and prevented apoptosis of PDAC cells. Knockdown of HTR2B in PDAC cells, or incubation of cells with HTR2B inhibitors, reduced their growth as xenograft tumors in mice. We observed a correlation between 5-HT and glycolytic flux in PDAC cells; levels of metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis, the phosphate pentose pathway, and hexosamine biosynthesis pathway increased significantly in PDAC cells following 5-HT stimulation. 5-HT stimulation led to formation of the HTR2B–LYN–p85 complex, which increased PI3K–Akt–mTOR signaling and the Warburg effect by increasing protein levels of MYC and HIF1A. Administration of SB204741 to KPC mice slowed growth and metabolism of established pancreatic tumors and prolonged survival of the mice.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Human PDACs have increased levels of 5-HT, and PDAC cells increase expression of its receptor, HTR2B. These increases allow for tumor glycolysis under metabolic stress and promote growth of pancreatic tumors and PDAC xenograft tumors in mice.</P>

IoT-base Generic Intelligent Wireless Sensing Platform for Real-time Data Collection and Distribution Data Analysis

( Yu-cheng Yang ),( Kai-sheng Tseng ),( Xiang-yu Huang ),( Sheng-hao Chen ),( Joe-air Jiang ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

In this study, a generic intelligent wireless sensing platform with the IoT and wireless transmission technology is established for greenhouse monitoring, which is capable of greenhouse data collection and analysis. The data analyzed by a cloud server would provide important information regarding the efficiency of greenhouse management and cultivation methods. To monitor greenhouse related parameters, an embedded board is placed in a greenhouse as the gateway. Monitoring data and images collected by sensors deployed in the greenhouse are transmitted to the embedded board via an Ethernet or wireless transmission module. The data are eventually sent to a database by wireless AP. The AP connects to the internet by using a 4G USB dongle, which can provide sufficient data transmission speed for real-time data transmission. In wireless hotspots and areas with Wi-Fi, not only can images be transmitted to the cloud, but also can the mobile APP be used to perform remote monitoring, so experimental observations are no longer affected by geographical impacts. Moreover, to ensure the preservation of images and numeric data, the gateway carries a high durability secure digital (SD) memory card to store images and data; if the network encounters some problems, such as unable to connect and a lack of network traffic, the data can be stored in the SD card. Thus, the proposed platform is able to perform heavy information transmission duties and support performing all wireless monitoring tasks. In addition, the analyzed data can be used by agricultural personnel to provide critical cultivation suggestions.

Detection of reactive oxygen species generated by microwave electrodeless discharge lamp and application in photodegradation of H2S

Jiang Yu,Yang Yu,Tingting Zhang,Liqiong Zheng 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.7

The photodegradation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was examined using a self-made microwave electrodeless discharge lamp (MEDL). The features of the MEDL had been tested. The results showed that the MEDL absorbed 18.3, 32.7 and 41.8W power at the microwave (MW) output power of 165, 330 and 660W, respectively. The intensity of the emitted light increased with increasing MW output power. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by irradiated air and nitrogen were detected, respectively. It was illustrated that the irradiated air could generate a number of ROS, at least including 1O2 and •OH. And the amount of ROS increased with increasing MW output power. In photodegradation of H2S process, the effects of MW output power and gas composition were investigated. The removal efficiency of H2S under nitrogen was obviously lower compared with that under air. The removal efficiency of H2S increased with increasing MW output power.

JAK2-STAT5 signaling is insensitive to porcine growth hormone (pGH) in hepatocytes of neonatal pig

Yang Yu-Jiang,Zheng Xin,Lan Hai-Nan 한국통합생물학회 2020 Animal cells and systems Vol.24 No.2

Porcine growth hormone (pGH) is most important hormone which is involved in the growth and development of pig. However, a series of studies have indicated that neonatal pig is insensitive to pGH; the reason for this phenomenon is still not fully understood. In this work, we try to investigate this issue from the angle of intracellular signaling induced by pGH. In the present study, porcine hepatocytes from neonatal pig were used as a model, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation and colocalization assay were used to study pGH’s signaling properties in hepatocytes of neonatal pig and explore the possible mechanism(s) for why intracellular signaling is insensitive to pGH. The results indicated that Janus kinase 2 and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5/3/1 (JAK2-STATs) signaling are not activated. We further investigated the possible mechanism(s) by which JAK2-STATs’ signaling is not activated by pGH and growth hormone receptor (GHR) and found that the negative regulatory molecules of JAK2-STATs signaling may be associated with this phenomenon in the hepatocytes of neonatal pig. In addition, we also explored pGH’s biology in hepatocytes from neonatal pig, it can be found that pGH/GHR could translocate into the cell nucleus, which implies that pGH/GHR may exhibit physiological roles based on their nuclear localization. We found that pGH could not trigger intracellular signaling in the hepatocytes of neonatal pigs, but not young pigs, which provides an important explanation for why the growth of neonatal pig is GH independent.

Performance study of g-C3N4/carbon black/BiOBr@Ti3C2/MoS2 photocatalytic fuel cell for the synergistic degradation of different types of pollutants

Guo Huilin,Yu Tingting,Zhao Lei,Qian Jun,Yu Jiahe,Zhang Yu,Teng Yongyue,Zhu Chunshui,Yang Tao,Chen Wenbin,Gong Picheng,Jiang Cuishuang,Gao Changfei,Yang Bing,Yang Chenyu 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.3

In this study, a bipolar visible light responsive photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) was constructed by loading a Z-scheme g-C3N4/carbon black/BiOBr and a Ti3C2/MoS2 Schottky heterojunction on the carbon brush to prepare the photoanode and photocathode, respectively. It greatly improved the electron transfer and achieved efficient degradation of organic pollutants such as antibiotics and dyes simultaneously in two chambers of the PFC system. The Z-scheme g-C3N4/carbon black/BiOBr formed by adding highly conductive carbon black to g-C3N4/BiOBr not only effectively separates the photogenerated carriers, but also simultaneously retains the high reduction of the conduction band of g-C3N4 and the high oxidation of the valence band of BiOBr, improving the photocatalytic performance. The exceptional performance of Ti3C2/MoS2 Schottky heterojunction originated from the superior electrical conductivity of Ti3C2 MXene, which facilitated the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the two photoelectrodes further improved the photocatalytic performance of the PFC system, with degradation rates of 90.9% and 99.9% for 50 mg L−1 tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and 50 mg L−1 rhodamine-B (RhB), respectively, within 180 min. In addition, it was found that the PFC also exhibited excellent pollutant degradation rates under dark conditions (79.7%, TCH and 97.9%, RhB). This novel pollutant degradation system is expected to provide a new idea for efficient degradation of multiple pollutant simultaneously even in the dark.

Vitexicarpin Induces Apoptosis in Human Prostate Carcinoma PC-3 Cells through G2/M Phase Arrest

Meng, Fan-Min,Yang, Jing-Bo,Yang, Chun-Hui,Jiang, Yu,Zhou, Yong-Feng,Yu, Bo,Yang, Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Vitexicarpin (3', 5-dihydroxy-3, 4', 6, 7-tetramethoxyflavone), a polymethoxyflavone isolated from Viticis Fructus (Vitex rotundifolia Linne fil.), has long been used as an anti-inflammatory herb in traditional Chinese medicine. It has also been reported that vitexicarpin can inhibit the growth of various cancer cells. However, there is no report elucidating its effect on human prostate carcinoma cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the apoptotic induction activity of vitexicarpin on PC-3 cells and molecular mechanisms involved. MTT studies showed that vitexicarpin dose-dependently inhibited growth of PC-3 cells with an $IC_{50}{\sim}28.8{\mu}M$. Hoechst 33258 staining further revealed that vitexicarpin induced apoptotic cell death. The effect of vitexicarpin on PC-3 cells apoptosis was tested using prodium iodide (PI)/Annexin V-FITC double staining and flow cytometry. The results indicated that vitexicarpin induction of apoptotic cell death in PC-3 cells was accompanied by cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that vitexicarpin induction of PC-3 cell apoptosis was associated with upregulation of the proapoptotic protein Bax, and downregulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, release of Cytochrome c from mitochondria and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Our findings suggested that vitexicarpin may become a potential leading drug in the therapy of prostate carcinoma.

Design of PID Controller Based on ELM and Its Implementation for Buck Converters

Yang Lu,WeiXin Yu,JunNian Wang,Dan Jiang,RuiQi Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.7

Buck converter is a kind of converter device with high efficiency, wide adjustable output voltage, small loss, small size and light weight. Its circuit has nonlinearity and will exhibit abundant nonlinear phenomena with the change of circuit parameters, resulting in unstable output voltage and being susceptible to load and external disturbances. Therefore, a control method based on Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) combined with a proportionalintegral-derivative (PID) controller is proposed in this paper and used for output voltage control of buck converter. Firstly, the mathematical model of buck converter in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) is established by the state space averaging method. Then the PID tuning algorithm is designed in combination with ELM, and the stability analysis of the model is carried out. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out under different disturbances. By comparing with the open-loop control strategy, the effectiveness of the proposed ELM-PID control strategy is verified, indicating that the proposed method can achieve the stability of output voltage and good dynamic response.

Three Component Solvent-free Synthesis of Chroman-2,4-dione-based Heterocyclic Ketene Aminal (HKA) Derivatives by "GAP" Chemistry

Yu, Fu-Chao,Hao, Xiao-Pan,Jiang, Xiu-Yang,Yan, Sheng-Jiao,Lin, Jun Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.6

A concise and efficient one-pot synthesis of chroman-2,4-dione-based HKA derivatives by three component reaction of HKAs, triethoxymethane and 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives under solvent-free and catalyst-free conditions is described. This protocol has many advantages, in that the GAP (Group-Assistant-Purification) chemistry process is involved in this method. As a result, the experimenter can avoid cumbersome process steps such as traditional chromatography and recrystallization purifications. The desired products can be easily obtained by washing the crude products with 95% EtOH.