Indole-3-propionic acid inhibits gut dysbiosis and endotoxin leakage to attenuate steatohepatitis in rats

Ze-Hua Zhao,Feng-Zhi Xin,Yaqian Xue,Zhimin Hu,Yamei Han,Fengguang Ma,Da Zhou,Xiao-Lin Liu,Aoyuan Cui,Zhengshuai Liu,Yuxiao Liu,Jing Gao,Qin Pan,Yu Li,Jian-Gao Fan 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Microbial metabolites have emerged as critical components that mediate the metabolic effects of the gut microbiota. Here, we show that indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a tryptophan metabolite produced by gut bacteria, is a potent anti-non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) microbial metabolite. Here, we demonstrate that administration of IPA modulates the microbiota composition in the gut and inhibits microbial dysbiosis in rats fed a high-fat diet. IPA induces the expression of tight junction proteins, such as ZO-1 and Occludin, and maintains intestinal epithelium homeostasis, leading to a reduction in plasma endotoxin levels. Interestingly, IPA inhibits NF-κB signaling and reduces the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6, in response to endotoxin in macrophages to repress hepatic inflammation and liver injury. Moreover, IPA is sufficient to inhibit the expression of fibrogenic and collagen genes and attenuate diet-induced NASH phenotypes. The beneficial effects of IPA on the liver are likely mediated through inhibiting the production of endotoxin in the gut. These findings suggest a protective role of IPA in the control of metabolism and uncover the gut microbiome and liver cross-talk in regulating the intestinal microenvironment and liver pathology via a novel dietary nutrient metabolite. IPA may provide a new therapeutic strategy for treating NASH.

Genome-wide Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Mechanism of the Effects of Uniconazole on Root Development in Glycine Max

Yiqiang HAN,Yamei GAO,Ying Shi,Jidao Du,Dianfeng Zheng,Guifeng Liu 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.4

Uniconazole, a plant growth retardant, possessesthe ability to improve quality and increase tolerance of plant. However, it is known little about the effects of uniconazoleon root. In this study, uniconazole treatments that were appliedthrough seed soaking, promoted soybean root development,and the microstructure of root showed increase of corticalthickness and cortex cell width. Meanwhile, the endogenoushormone content also altered in root after uniconazoletreatments. To obtain the molecular mechanism underlyingthe effects of uniconazole on root, we performed an RNAseqof roots harvested 3 days after uniconazole treatment. Through analyses of phytohormone-associated genes forendogenous hormones changes, we found that not only GAbiosynthesis pathway but also the regulation genes of thepathway were affected. Above all, the dominant pathwayplant hormone signal transduction may be the main factor ofthe cambium proliferation, in especial ethylene/ERF signalingpathway. Moreover, the transcriptome demonstrated differentiallyexpressed genes that determined cell division and cell wallmodification may be regulators of root growth. CLE signalingand receptor-like kinases may play a crucial role in the rootelongation. Besides, 177 transcription factors (TFs) wereinvolved in response to uniconazole. Taken together, allthese findings provide insights into the complex molecularmechanisms associated with root development after uniconazoletreatment.

Mouse Fyn induces pseudopodium formation in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Lei An,Shengnan Liu,Wei Zhang,Yamei Zhang,Yingxue Huang,Xinde Hu,Shu-lin Chen,Shanting Zhao 대한수의학회 2014 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.15 No.1

Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of Fyn on cellmorphology, pseudopodium movement, and cell migrationwere investigated. The Fyn gene was subcloned into pEGFP-N1to produce pEGFP-N1-Fyn. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)cells were transfected with pEGFP-N1-Fyn. The expression ofFyn mRNA and proteins was monitored by reversetranscription-PCR and Western blotting. Additionally,transfected cells were stained with 4´,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and a series of time-lapse images was taken. Sequences of the recombinant plasmids pMD18-T-Fyn andpEGFP-N1-Fyn were confirmed by sequence identificationusing National Center for Biotechnology Information in USA,and Fyn expression was detected by RT-PCR and Westernblotting. The morphology of CHO cells transfected with therecombinant vector was significantly altered. Fyn expressioninduced filopodia and lamellipodia formation. Based on theseresults, we concluded that overexpression of mouse Fyn inducesthe formation of filopodia and lamellipodia in CHO cells, andpromotes cell movement.

Enhanced Protein Production by Sorbitol Co-feeding with Methanol in Recombinant Pichia pastoris Strains

Li Chen,Ali Mohsin,Ju Chu,Ying-ping Zhuang,Yamei Liu,Mei-Jin Guo 한국생물공학회 2017 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.22 No.6

Pichia pastoris strains carrying 1, 6, 12, and 18 copies of the porcine insulin precursor (PIP) gene, were employed to investigate the effects of sorbitol co-feeding with methanol on the physiology of the strains. Multicopy clones of the methylotrophic yeast were generated to vary the PIP gene dosage and recombinant proteins. Elevated gene dosage increased levels of the recombinant PIP protein when methanol served as the sole carbon and energy source i.e., an increase of 1.9% for a strain carrying 1 copy, 42.6% for a strain carrying 6 copies, 34.7% for a strain carrying 12 copies and 80.9% for a strain carrying 18 copies, respectively (using sorbitol co-feeding with methanol during the induction phase). However, it had no significant influence on a lower gene dosage strain (1 copy), but this approach affirmed enhancement in cell growth and PIP production for higher gene dosage strain (6, 12, and 18 copies) via using sorbitol co-feeding with methanol. Additionally, the co-feeding strategy could hold vital importance for recombinant protein production by a multi-copy P. pastoris system.

Thermal management analysis of serial-connection three-chamber piezoelectric pump

Lipeng He,Xiaoqiang Wu,Zheng Zhang,Jingran Wang,Dianbin Hu,Yamei Liu,Guangming Cheng 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.10

The design of a micropump with high performance and excellent reliability on thermal management still remains a challenge for electronic cooling. The performance of a piezoelectric pump with 3 chambers connected in series on thermal management was investigated for electronic cooling in this study. Two S-shaped channel heat sinks and the piezoelectric pump with 3 chambers connected in series were combined to form a loop cooling system. With water as the pumping medium, the tested pump has a flow rate most up to 690.6 ml/min at an input voltage of 220 V and an input frequency of 110 Hz. Suitability of the system has been demonstrated through simulation analysis and experimental verification for temperature control. A temperature reduction of 3 °C of CPU could be achieved at 250 mL/min flow rate generated by the piezoelectric pump with 3 chambers connected in series.

Anesthetic Management and Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment of Basilar Artery Occlusion: Results From the ATTENTION Registry

Tao Chunrong,Yuan Guangxiong,Xu Pengfei,Wang Hao,Zhou Peiyang,Yi Tingyu,Li Kai,Cui Tao,Gao Jun,Li Rui,Sun Jun,Zhang Chao,Wang Li,Liu Tianlong,Song Jianlong,Yin Yamei,Nguyen Thanh N.,Li Qing,Hu Wei 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.3

Background and Purpose To examine the clinical and safety outcomes after endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) with different anesthetic modalities. Methods This was a retrospective analysis using data from the Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion (ATTENTION) registry. Patients were divided into two groups defined by anesthetic modality performed during EVT: general anesthesia (GA) or non-general anesthesia (non-GA). The association between anesthetic management and clinical outcomes was evaluated in a propensity score matched (PSM) cohort and an inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) cohort to adjust for imbalances between the two groups. Results Our analytic sample included 1,672 patients from 48 centers. The anesthetic modality was GA in 769 (46.0%) and non-GA in 903 (54.0%) patients. In our primary analysis with the PSM-based cohort, non-GA was comparable to GA concerning the primary outcome (adjusted common odds ratio [acOR], 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 1.25; <i>P</i>=0.91). Mortality at 90 days was 38.4% in the GA group and 35.8% in the non-GA group (adjusted risk ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.08; <i>P</i>=0.44). In our secondary analysis with the IPTW-based cohort, the anesthetic modality was significantly associated with the distribution of modified Rankin Scale at 90 days (acOR: 1.45 [95% CI: 1.20 to 1.75]). Conclusion In this nationally-representative observational study, acute ischemic stroke patients due to BAO undergoing EVT without GA had similar clinical and safety outcomes compared with patients treated with GA. These findings provide the basis for large-scale randomized controlled trials to test whether anesthetic management provides meaningful clinical effects for patients undergoing EVT.