Topiramate Improves Neuroblast Differentiation of Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus in the d-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice via Its Antioxidant Effects

Shen, H.,Wang, J.,Jiang, D.,Xu, P.,Zhu, X.,Zhang, Y.,Yu, X.,Won, M. H.,Su, P. Q.,Yan, B. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.37 No.5

<P>Some anticonvulsant drugs are associated with cognitive ability in patients; Topiramate (TPM) is well known as an effective anticonvulsant agent applied in clinical settings. However, the effect of TPM on the cognitive function is rarely studied. In this study, we aimed to observe the effects of TPM on cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the d-galactose-induced aging mice by Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry. The study is divided into four groups including control, d-galactose-treated group, 25 and 50 mg/kg TPM-treated plus d-galactose-treated groups. We found, 50 mg/kg (not 25 mg/kg) TPM treatment significantly increased the numbers of Ki-67(+) cells and DCX immunoreactivity, and improved neuroblast injury induced by d-galactose treatment. In addition, we also found that decreased immunoreactivities and protein levels of antioxidants including superoxide dismutase and catalase induced by d-galactose treatment were significantly recovered by 50 mg/kg TPM treatment in the mice hippocampal DG (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our present results indicate that TPM can ameliorate neuroblast damage and promote cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampal DG via increasing SODs and catalase levels in the d-galactose mice.</P>

Tin porphyrin immobilization significantly enhances visible-light-photosensitized degradation of Microcystins: Mechanistic implications

Yoo, H.Y.,Yan, S.,Ra, J.W.,Jeon, D.,Goh, B.,Kim, T.Y.,Mackeyev, Y.,Ahn, Y.Y.,Kim, H.J.,Wilson, L.J.,Alvarez, P.J.J.,Lee, Y.,Song, W.,Hong, S.W.,Kim, J.,Lee, J. Elsevier 2016 Applied catalysis. B, Environmental Vol.199 No.-

<P>This study demonstrates that tin porphyrin (SnP) loading on a silica substrate (SnP/silica) markedly accelerates the degradation of Microcystins (MCs) under visible light irradiation, despite a reduction of photosensitized singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) production. A comparative study using Rose Bengal, SnP, and C-60 aminofullerene suggested that the MC-RR decay rate was directly proportional to the photosensitizing activity for triplet state-induced oxidation, while it exhibited poor correlation to singlet oxygenation efficiency. This implies that electron transfer from MC to the triplet state of SnP (facilitated by favorable MC sorption on silica) contributes to the photosensitized MC oxidation. Experiments to examine sensitizers for the one-electron oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) showed the superiority of SnP/silica for photo-initiated electron transfer as a possible MC oxidation route. This was corroborated by the negligible effects of reagents that quench or facilitate singlet oxygenation (e.g., azide ion, D2O) on the MC-RR degradation rate. Despite MC-RR removal below detection levels, residual toxicity (indicated by a significant decrease in protein phosphatase inhibition activity) was observed. Tandem mass spectrometric analysis suggests that this residual toxicity may be ascribed to byproducts resulting from addition of a single oxygen atom to the Adda moiety. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Effects of stale maize on growth performance, immunity, intestinal morphology and antioxidant capacity in broilers

Liu, J.B.,Yan, H.L.,Zhang, Y.,Hu, Y.D.,Zhang, H.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.4

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of stale maize on growth performance, immunity, intestinal morphology, and antioxidant capacity in broilers. Methods: A total of 800 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers (45.4±0.5 g) were blocked based on body weight, and then allocated randomly to 2 treatments with 20 cages per treatment and 20 broilers per cage in this 6-week experiment. Dietary treatments included a basal diet and diets with 100% of control maize replaced by stale maize. Results: The content of fat acidity value was higher (p<0.05) while the starch, activities of catalase and peroxidase were lower (p<0.05) than the control maize. Feeding stale maize diets reduced (p<0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI) throughout the experiment, feed conversion ratio (FCR) during d 0 to 21 and the whole experiment as well as relative weight of liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus (p<0.05) on d 21. Feeding stale maize diets decreased jejunum villus height (VH) and VH/crypt depth (CD) (p<0.05) on d 21 and 42 as well as ileum VH/CD on d 42. The levels of immunoglobulin G, acid α-naphthylacetate esterase positive ratios and lymphocyte proliferation on d 21 and 42 as well as lysozyme activity and avian influenza antibody H₅N₁ titer on d 21 decreased (p<0.05) by the stale maize. Feeding stale maize diets reduced (p<0.05) serum interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-2 on d 21 and interleukin-6 on d 21 and 42. Broilers fed stale maize diets had lower levels of (p<0.05) total antioxidative capacity on d 42, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase on d 21 and 42, but higher (p<0.05) levels of malondialdehyde on d 21 and 42. Conclusion: Feeding 100% stale maize decreased ADFI and FCR, caused adverse effects on immunity and antioxidant function and altered intestinal morphology in broilers.

Effects of Creep Feed with Varied Energy Density Diets on Litter Performance

Yan, L.,Jang, H.D.,Kim, I.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.10

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of creep feed with different energy densities on litter performance. A total of 30 sows (Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) and their litters were randomly assigned with 1, 2, or 3+parities into 1 of 3 treatments (10 sows). Dietary treatments were: i) CON (no creep feed), ii) LE (creep feed (DE 4,000 kcal/kg) from 5 d of age until weaning (21 d)), and iii) HE (creep feed (DE 5,000 kcal/kg) from 5 d of age until weaning). Each piglet was weighed at d 5, 10, 15, 21 (weaning), and d 7 postweaning to determine ADG. Creep feeding reduced concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol compared with those in CON group (p<0.05). Creep feeding reduced (p<0.05) the weaning-to-oestrus interval in sows. Piglets in the HE groups evidenced greater ADG (p = 0.024) and ADFI (p = 0.001) post-weaning than those in CON treatments. Creep feeding decreased (p<0.05) the suckling time of piglet in this study. In conclusion, creep feeding increased growth and feed intake of pigs after weaning. It can decrease the oestrus interval of sows. There was no difference between providing a high energy or a low energy creep fed diet to the piglets.

Effects of absorbents on growth performance, blood profiles and liver gene expression in broilers fed diets naturally contaminated with aflatoxin

Liu, J.B.,Yan, H.L.,Cao, S.C.,Hu, Y.D.,Zhang, H.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.2

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the absorbent (a mixture of activated carbon and hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate) on growth performance, blood profiles and hepatic genes expression in broilers fed diets naturally contaminated with aflatoxin. Methods: A total of 1,200 one-day-old male chicks were randomly assigned to 6 treatments with 10 replicate cages per treatment. The dietary treatments were as follows: i) control (basal diets); ii) 50% contaminated corn; iii) 100% contaminated corn; iv) control+1% adsorbent; v) 50% contaminated corn+1% absorbent; vi) 100% contaminated corn+1% absorbent. Results: During d 1 to 21, feeding contaminated diets reduced (p<0.05) body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI), but increased (p<0.05) feed-to-gain ratio (F/G). The absorbent supplementation increased (p<0.05) BW, ADG, and ADFI. There were interactions (p<0.05) in BW, ADG, and ADFI between contaminated corn and absorbent. Overall, birds fed 100% contaminated diets had lower (p<0.05) final BW and ADG, but higher (p<0.05) F/G compared to those fed control diets. The absorbent addition increased (p<0.05) serum albumin concentration on d 14 and 28 and total protein (TP) level on d 28, decreased (p<0.05) alanine transaminase activity on d 14 and activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase on d 28. Feeding contaminated diets reduced (p<0.05) hepatic TP content on d 28 and 42. The contaminated diets upregulated (p<0.05) expression of interleukin-6, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), but downregulated (p<0.05) glutathione S-transferase (GST) expression in liver. The absorbent supplementation increased (p<0.05) interleukin-1β, CAT, SOD, cytochrome P450 1A1 and GST expression in liver. There were interactions (p<0.05) in the expression of hepatic CAT, SOD, and GST between contaminated corn and absorbent. Conclusion: The results suggest that the naturally aflatoxin-contaminated corn depressed growth performance, while the adsorbent could partially attenuate the adverse effects of aflatoxin on growth performance, blood profiles and hepatic genes expression in broilers.

갑상선 양성 종양으로 갑상선 부분절제술을 시행한 환자에서 수술 전후 갑상선 기능의 변화

황윤선,배수연,조동희,최민영,최준호,이정언,김지수,남석진,양정현,김정한,Yoon Sun Hwang,M.D.,Soo Youn Bae,M.D.,Dong Hui Cho,M.D.,Min-Young Choi,M.D.,Jun-Ho Choe,M.D.,Jeong Eon Lee,M.D.,Jee Soo Kim,M.D.,Seok Jin Nam,M.D.,Jung-Hyun Yan 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2010 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.10 No.4

Purpose: Lobectomy or subtotal thyroidectomy in patients with a benign thyroid tumor or goiter can give rise to hypothyroidism due to the reduced volume of the hormone-secreting thyroid gland. This study investigated the incidence of hypothyroidism in such patients and the clinical risk factors. Methods: One hundred seven patients who underwent partial thyroidectomy for benign thyroid tumor or goiter from January 2003 to February 2005 in our institution were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who had been preoperatively diagnosed with hyper- or hypothyroidism preoperatively were excluded. Postoperative hypothyroidism was defined as an elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level >6.5ՌIU/L at about 6 months post- thyroidectomy. Results: The mean age of the 107 patients was 42.2 years. Ninety patients (84.1%) were female. Subtotal thyroidectomy was performed in 20 patients, lobectomy in 83 patients and enucleation in four patients. The most common pathologic diagnosis was nodular hyperplasia (86.0%). Postoperative hypothyroidism developed after surgery in 19 (21.8%) patients. Patients were evaluated for age, gender, preoperative TSH level, tumor size, tumor number, extent of the resection, thickness of thyroid isthmus and the presence of pathologic thyroiditis or thyroid autoantibody. Advanced age, elevated preoperative TSH level and extensive resection of the thyroid gland were significantly associated with postoperative hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Since many patients with a benign thyroid nodule can maintain a normal thyroid function even after thyroidectomy, preservation of more thyroid tissue during the operation is desirable, especially in young patients with a low-normal TSH level, unless the possibility of disease recurrence is high. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2010;10:213- 219)

Efficiency Enhancement of mm-Wave Power Amplifiers Using Envelope Tracking

Yan, J J,Presti, C D,Kimball, D F,Young-Pyo Hong,Chin Hsia,Asbeck, P M,Schellenberg, J IEEE 2011 IEEE microwave and wireless components letters Vol.21 No.3

<P>This letter presents a 44 GHz GaAs MMIC-based power amplifier (PA) which uses envelope tracking (ET) techniques for efficiency enhancement. Digital pre-distortion (DPD) is also employed to achieve high linearity. For a 7.6 dB PAPR 64QAM 20 MHz bandwidth signal (data rate 120 Mb/s) at an output power of 23.8 dBm, the measured EVM was 2.0% and ACPR1 was better than -40 dBc. Power efficiency enhancement of more than 5.7 times for the final MMIC stage (from 1.22% to 7%) was measured, using an external drain modulator. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first time envelope tracking has been applied to PAs in the millimeter wave regime.</P>

Creep Feed: Effects of Feed Flavor Supplementation on Pre- and Post-weaning Performance and Behavior of Piglet and Sow

Yan, L.,Jang, H.D.,Kim, I.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.6

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of flavor supplementation on pre- and post-weaning performance and behavior of piglets and sows. A total of 30 sows (Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) and their litters were employed in this study. Sows were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments (10 replications per treatment). Dietary treatments included: i) CON, basal diet; ii) TRT1, CON+0.1% vanilla supplement; iii) TRT2, CON+0.1% cheese supplement. The behavior of sows (nursery, eating and standing) and piglets (eating, sleeping and fighting) in each treatment was monitored throughout experiment. Each piglet was weighted at 5, 10, 15 and 21 d after birth to evaluate the average daily gain. Sows and piglets were bled on the weaning d to evaluate the blood characteristics. Back fat and estrus interval were investigated. In this study, there were no differences (p>0.05) in diarrhea score and blood characteristics among treatments. Likewise, the behavior was not influenced (p>0.05) by the dietary flavor supplementation. However, administration of flavor increased (p<0.05) the pre-weaning feed intake, post-weaning average daily gain (ADG) and gain/feed (G/F) ratio. No significant difference was observed (p>0.05) on the blood characteristics, behavior, backfat loss and estrus interval among treatments. In conclusion, administration of flavor could increase creep feed intake pre-weaning and piglet ADG post-weaning, whereas inclusion of flavor had no influence on blood characteristics and performance in sow and piglets.

Research on simulation and experiment for surface topography machined by a novel point grinding wheel

Y. D. Gong,G. Q. Yin,X. L. Wen,M. Han,J. B. Yan,J. Cheng 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.10

Grains motion path will be changed in the point grinding process due to the existence of variable angle α. To verify the difference betweenpoint grinding and traditional grinding, the moving relationship and coordinate transformation between grinding wheel and workpieceare used to put the grain movement function equivalent to parabola, then point grinding cutting path is concluded. Based on grainsdistribution on the grinding wheel surface, the 3D geometry simulation topography of workpiece is obtained by extending the effectiveinterference trails along the axial direction. Furthermore, a vitrified bond CBN wheel with a coarse grinding area angle θ is proposed andthe principle of design and preparation of these novel grinding wheels are studied. The typical processing parameters are chosen to grindQT700 ladder shaft; the simulation results are verified by using the VHX-1000E microscope and the non-contact 3D surface profilometerto observe the workpiece surface topography and measure the surface roughness. The results indicated that the simulation microstructurescoincide well with the experimental measurements and the values of simulation roughness are 0.5 times of experiments. So, the geometricsimulation model provided an auxiliary and prediction method for the actual processing topography analysis. In addition, grindingwheels with different θ are used to grind ladder shafts with a series of grinding parameters. The influence trend of inclining angle α, cuttingdepth ap, axial feeding speed vf and grinding wheel speed vs on surface roughness is obtained. It is concluded that the values ofworkpiece surface roughness using novel grinding wheel are less than using the traditional grinding wheel under the condition of thesame processing parameters.

A dual-fluorescent composite of graphene oxide and poly(3-hexylthiophene) enables the ratiometric detection of amines

Meng, D.,Yang, S.,Sun, D.,Zeng, Y.,Sun, J.,Li, Y.,Yan, S.,Huang, Y.,Bielawski, C.,Geng, J. THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY 2014 Chemical Science Vol.5 No.8