Inelastic Light Scattering Studies of Overdoped Y1-xCaxBa₂Cu₃O₇ Film

J. H. Lin,S. M. Weng,H. L. Liu,P. C. Chung,J.-Y. Lin 한국자기학회 2007 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in leaf tissue of Pulsatilla tongkangensis Y.N. Lee & T.C. Lee

Zhao Xiao-mei,Lian Yu-ji,Jin Ze-lin,Zhang Xue-jie,Y Yan,Fan Shou-jin 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.4

Leaf material explants of Pulsatilla tongkangensis Y. N. Lee & T. C. Lee were used to regenerate plants of this endangered species by somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis from meristematic nodules, induced by MS medium supplemented with zeatin (Zn) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Globular structures were induced on the surface of the explants after 2 weeks and after 6–7 weeks of culture, multiple shoots developed from the nodules. Morpho-histological analysis of light green globular, heart-shaped structures resembling somatic embryos revealed, however, that these were organogenic, with strongly vacuolated parenchymatous cells surrounded by a single layer of epithermal cells, and tracheid elements, but no root pole. Milky-white callus also developed around the nodules after 4–6 weeks. Morpho-histological analysis of the globular, heart-, and torpedo-shaped stages of regenerants present in this callus confirmed the development of somatic embryos in the milky-white structures, characterized by deeply staining, small cells with rich cytoplasm, very little vascular tissue in the developing embryos, and no vascular connection with the surrounding callus. The highest rooting frequency (93.33%) was achieved on MS medium containing 1.5 mg/l NAA. Plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred to pots. Our results provide a plant regeneration system with potential for germplasm conservation of endangered plants and the rapid propagation and molecular breeding of P. tongkangensis.

Genetic polymorphism in pvmdr1 and pvcrt-o genes in relation to in vitro drug susceptibility of Plasmodium vivax isolates from malaria-endemic countries

Lu, F.,Lim, C.S.,Nam, D.H.,Kim, K.,Lin, K.,Kim, T.S.,Lee, H.W.,Chen, J.H.,Wang, Y.,Sattabongkot, J.,Han, E.T. Verlag für Recht und Gesellschaft ; Elsevier 2011 Acta Tropica Vol.117 No.2

Treatment failure of chloroquine for Plasmodium vivax infection has increased in endemic countries. However, the molecular mechanisms for resistance and in vitro susceptibility of P. vivax to chloroquine remain elusive. We investigated the prevalence of mutations in the pvmdr1 and pvcrt-o genes, and the copy number of the pvmdr1 gene in isolates from the Republic of Korea (ROK), Thailand, the Union of Myanmar (Myanmar), and Papua New Guinea (PNG). We also measured in vitro susceptibility of Korean isolates to antimalarial drugs. The pvmdr1 analysis showed that mutations at amino acid position Y976F of pvmdr1 were found in isolates from Thailand (17.9%), Myanmar (13.3%), and PNG (100%), but none from the ROK, and mutation at position F1076L was present in isolates from the ROK (100%), Thailand (60.7%), and Myanmar (46.7%). One copy of the pvmdr1 gene was observed in most isolates and double copy numbers of the gene were observed in two Thai isolates. In the exons of the pvcrt-o gene that were sequenced, a K10 insertion was present in isolates from Thailand (56.0%) and Myanmar (46.2%), and the wild type was found in all Korean isolates. The results suggest that gene polymorphisms and copy number variation was observed in isolates of P. vivax from Southeast Asian countries. In Korean isolates polymorphism as limited to the F1076L variant, and no isolates with high level of resistance were found by in vitro susceptibility determinations. Moreover, our results provide a baseline for future prospective drug studies in malaria-endemic areas.

Interfacial properties of ZrO$_2$ on silicon

Lin, Y.S.,Puthenkovilakam, R.,Chang, J.P. The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2003 전기전자재료 Vol.16 No.9

The interface of zirconium oxide thin films on silicon is analyzed in detail for their potential applications in the microelectronics. The formation of an interfacial layer of ZrSi$\sub$x/O$\sub$y. with graded Zr concentration is observed by the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The as-deposited ZrO$_2$/ZrSi$\sub$x/O$\sub$y//Si sample is thermally stable up to 880$^{\circ}C$, but is less stable compared to the ZrO$_2$/SiO$_2$/Si samples. Post-deposition annealing in oxygen or ammonia improved the thermal stability of as-deposited ZrO$_2$/ZrSi$\sub$x/O$\sub$y/Si to 925$^{\circ}C$, likely due to the oxidation/nitridation of the interface. The as-deposited film had an equivalent oxide thickness of∼13 nm with a dielectric constant of ∼21 and a leakage current of 3.2${\times}$10e-3 A/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at 1.5V. Upon oxygen or ammonia annealing, the formation of SiO$\sub$x/ and SiH$\sub$x/N$\sub$y/O$\sub$z/ at the interface reduced the overall dielectric constants.

Evaluation and Clinical Validation of Two Field-Deployable Reverse Transcription-Insulated Isothermal PCR Assays for the Detection of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus

Go, Y.Y.,Kim, Y.S.,Cheon, S.,Nam, S.,Ku, K.B.,Kim, M.,Cho, N.H.,Park, H.,Alison Lee, P.Y.,Lin, Y.C.,Tsai, Y.L.,Thomas Wang, H.T.,Balasuriya, U.B.R. American Society for Investigative Pathology and t 2017 The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics Vol.19 No.6

<P>Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is an emerging zoonotic viral respiratory disease that was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. In 2015, the largest MERS outbreak outside of the Middle East region occurred in the Republic of Korea. The rapid nosocomial transmission of MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Korean health care settings highlighted the importance and urgent need for a rapid and reliable on-site diagnostic assay to implement effective control and preventive measures. Here, the evaluation and validation of two newly developed reverse transcription insulated isothermal PCR (RT-iiPCR) methods targeting the ORF1a and upE genes of MERS-CoV are described. Compared with World Health Organization recommended singleplex real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assays, both RT-iiPCR assays had comparable analytical sensitivity for the detection of MERS-CoV RNA in tissue culture fluid and in sputum samples spiked with infectious virus. Furthermore, clinical evaluation was performed with sputum samples collected from subjects with acute and chronic respiratory illnesses, including patients infected with MERS-CoV. The overall agreement values between the two RT-iiPCR assays and the reference RT-qPCR assays were 98.06% (95% CI, 94.43%-100%; K = 0.96) and 99.03% (95% CI, 95.88%-100%; K = 0.99) for ORF1a and upE assays, respectively. The ORF1a and upE MERS-CoV RT-iiPCR assays coupled with a field deployable system provide a platform for a highly sensitive and specific on-site tool for diagnosis of MERS-CoV infections.</P>

Applications of Laser-Fabricated Plasma Structures in Laser-Wakefield Accelerators, X-ray Lasers and Plasma Nonlinear Optics

C.T. Hsieh,M.W. Lin,C.L. Chang,Y.C. Ho,S.Y. Chen,J. Wang,M.C. Chou,J.Y. Lin,C.H. Pai,P.H. Lin,L.C. Tai,S.H. Chen,G.Y. Tsaur,C.C. Kuo,T.Y. Chien 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.6

A general method for fabricating transient plasma structures with high-intensity laser pulses is developed to gain fine control over laser-plasma interactions. These structures have been used as programmable photonic devices in the development of laser-wakefield accelerators, soft X-ray lasers and plasma nonlinear optics driven by multi-terawatt laser pulses. Plasma ramps are used to control electron injection in laser-wakefield accelerators, plasma waveguides are used to enhance the efficiency of soft X-ray lasers by orders of magnitude and periodic plasma structures are used to achieve quasi-phase matching in relativistic harmonic generation. By scanning the interaction length with the same plasma-fabrication method, tomographic measurements are carried out to resolve the injection/acceleration process in laser-wakefield accelerators and amplification processes in X-ray lasers and relativistic harmonic generation. A theoretical analysis and a computer simulation are also carried out to provide insightful pictures of these processes. These research works show that by controlling plasma structures with optical fabrication methods, laser-plasma interaction can be engineered to expand and enrich the frontier of high-field physics.

SOLID STATE TEACTIONS IN THE $Co/Si_{1-X}Ge_X$ SYSTEM

Lin, Wen-Tai,Chen, Guo-Ju,Chang, C.Y. 한국재료학회 1995 Fabrication and Characterization of Advanced Mater Vol.2 No.e2

Thermal reactions of Co/S$i_{0.76}$ G$e_{0.24}$ and Co/S$i_{0.54}$ G$e_{0.46}$ systems are studied. Gr segreation appeared at temperatures above 20$0^{\circ}C$ even no cobalt silicides and/or cobalt germanosilicides were formed. At a temperature of 250-50$0^{\circ}C$ Co(S$i_{1-y}$ G$e_y$) was formed, in which the Ge concentation was deficient and inhomogeneous. Ge played a crucial role in retarding the interfacial reactions between Co and S$i_{1-x}$G$e_x$ layer. At temperatures above 45$0^{\circ}C$ the island structure was formed and the Ge concentration was enriched in the surface of the exposed S$i_{1-x}$ G$e_x$ layer. At temperatures above 53$0^{\circ}C$ nearly Ge-free CoS$i_2$was formed. An interposing Si layer between Co and the S$i_{1-x}$G$e_x$ layer can alleviate the strain relaxation of the S$i_{1-x}$G$e_x$ layer during annealing.

Warpage and Stress Relaxation of the Transferred GaN LED Epi-Layer on Electroplated Cu Substrates

Y. C. Lin,Y. S. Liu,C. L. Chang,C. Y. Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2013 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.9 No.4

This study investigates the warpage and stress relaxation of a transferred GaN epi-layer on electroplated Cu substrates. Varying the electroplating current-density makes it possible to manipulate the crystallographic structure and hardness of the electroplated Cu substrate. A harder electroplated Cu substrate (with the (111) preferorientation)has less warpage and more stress relaxation in the transferred GaN wafer. An intrinsic compressive stress appeared in the electroplated Cu substrate, which helped to relieve the compressive stress of the transferred GaN epi-layer on the electroplated Cu substrate.

Experimental investigation on effect of ion cyclotron resonance heating on density fluctuation in SOL at EAST

Y.C. Li,M.H. Li,M. Wang,L. Liu,X.J. Zhang,C.M. Qin,Y.F. Wang,C.B. Wu,L.N. Liu,J.C. Xu,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,J. F. Shan,F. K. Liu,Y. P. Zhao,T. Zhang,X. Gao 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.1

The suppression of high-intensity blob structures in the scrape-off layer (SOL) by ion-cyclotron range offrequencies (ICRF) power, leading to a decrease in the turbulent fluctuation level, is observed first in theExperimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) experiment. This suppression effect from ICRFpower injection is global in the whole SOL at EAST, i.e. blob structures both in the regions that aremagnetically connected to the active ICRF launcher and in the regions that are not connected to theactive ICRF launcher could be suppressed by ICRF power. However, more ICRF power is required to reachthe full blob structure suppression effect in the regions that are magnetically unconnected to the activelauncher than in the regions that are magnetically connected to the active launcher. Studies show that apossible reason for the blob suppression could be the enhanced Er B shear flow in the SOL, which issupported by the shaper radial gradient in the floating potential profiles sensed by the divertor probearrays with increasing ICRF power. The local RF wave power unabsorbed by the core plasma isresponsible for the modification of potential profiles in the SOL regions.

Large-scale synthesis of n-type gallium nitride nanowires using NiI₂-decorated carbon nanotubes as a reactant

Lin, T.W.,Choi, S.Y.,Kim, Y.H.,Green, M.L.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2010 Carbon Vol.48 No.9

This study demonstrates the first example of the use of NiI<SUB>2</SUB>-filled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for the synthesis of GaN nanowires (NWs). Large quantities of single crystal and n-type GaN NWs were synthesized after NiI<SUB>2</SUB>-decorated CNTs reacted with Ga<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> in NH<SUB>3</SUB>. Comparatively few short GaN NWs (<1μm) were synthesized in the absence of CNTs, and GaN NWs were found to be synthesized with a reasonable yield using graphite as a reactant. Therefore, CNTs play no role as a template in the growth of NW, but this growth is assisted by NiI<SUB>2</SUB> nanocrystals via a vapour-liquid-solid mechanism in which the presence of carbon materials facilitates the reduction of Ga<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> to Ga<SUB>2</SUB>O and Ga, thus providing a constant Ga source during the growth of the NW. Furthermore, the use of NiI<SUB>2</SUB>-filled single wall carbon nanotubes results in a higher NW yield at a low growth temperature (600<SUP>o</SUP>C), indicating that NiI<SUB>2</SUB>-filled single wall CNTs can serve as an effective reactant for the synthesis of GaN NWs.