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      • KCI등재

        ONE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL ON FUEL PENETRATION IN DIESEL SPRAYS WITH GAS FLOW

        M. XU,Y. C. SUN,Y. CUI,K. Y. DENG,L. SHI 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.1

        In diesel engine, spray penetration is usually changed by in-cylinder gas flow. Accurate prediction on diesel spray with gas flow is important to the optimal design of diesel fuel injection system. This paper presents a theory investigation focusing on the penetration of diesel spray with gas flow. In order to understand the effect of gas flow on the penetration of diesel spray, a one-dimensional spray model is developed from an idealized diesel spray, which is able to predict the spray behavior under different gas flow conditions. The ambient gas flow is simplified as ideal flow that has only constant flow velocity along x-axial and y-axial directions of spray. The x-axial and y-axial directions are respectively defined as along and vertical spray directions. The main assumption is that the y-axial direction gas flow has no effect on the penetration of spray along x-axial direction. The principles of conservation of mass and momentum are used in the derivation. Momentum of in-cylinder air flow is also taken into consideration. Validation of the model at stable condition is achieved by comparing model predictions with experimental measurements of diesel spray without gas flow from Naber's experiments. Furthermore, CFD simulations on penetration of diesel spray with gas flow were performed with the commercial code AVL-fire. The onedimensional model is validated by the penetration results with gas flow from CFD calculation. Results show that a reasonable estimation of the spray evolution can be obtained for both with and without ambient gas flow conditions.

      • 여대생의 성격 5요인과 이상섭식행동, 우울 및 삶의 만족도의 상관관계

        강혜빈,고현진,김성연,박서인,박수연,박은별,유미연,이세인,조영은,Deng Wei,김석선,길민지 이화여자대학교간호학회 2020 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.54

        Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the correlations big five personality traits, abnormal eating behavior, depression and, life satisfaction among female university students. Methods: The subjects for this study were female university students in Seoul, Korea. The data were collected from 151 female university students from August 13, 2019 to August 22, 2019. They were asked to fill out Big Five Inventory- Korean version(BFI-K), The Korean Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(KCES-D), The Korean Version of Eating Attitudes Test-26(KEAT-26), and, Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Result: First, College students’ nervousness among the five personality traits was significantly associated with depression and life satisfaction. Second, College students’ agreeableness among the five personality traits was significantly associated with abnormal eating behavior and life satisfaction. Third, College students’ abnormal eating behaviors were significantly associated with depression. Conclusion: These results suggest that female university students with higher level of nervousness are vulnerable to depression. And, it suggests that female university students with higher level of agreeableness are vulnerable to abnormal eating behavior. The intervention to consider five personality traits may improve mental health among female university students.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Dietary Requirement of True Digestible Phosphorus and Total Calcium for Growing Pigs

        Ruan, Z.,Zhang, Y.-G.,Yin, Y.-L.,Li, T.-J.,Huang, R.-L.,Kim, S.W.,Wu, G.Y.,Deng, Z.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.8

        Sixty healthy growing pigs ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$ with an average BW of 21.4 kg) were used to determine the true digestible phosphorus (TDP) requirement of growing pigs on the basis of growth performance and serum biochemical indices. Pigs were assigned randomly to one of five dietary treatments (12 pigs/diet), representing five levels of TDP (0.16%, 0.20%, 0.23%, 0.26% and 0.39%). There were three replications per treatment, with four pigs (2 barrows and 2 gilts) in each replication (2 pigs/pen) A randomized-block design was used, with pen as the experimental unit. Experimental diets were formulated to provide the 5 TDP levels with a total calcium (Ca) to TDP ratio of 2:1, and offered to pigs at 5% BW for 28 d. The total Ca contents of the five diets were 0.33, 0.38, 0.45, 0.51 and 0.79%, respectively. During the 28-d experimental period, the ADG of pigs was affected by dietary TDP levels as described by Equation 1: y = $-809,532x^4+788,079x^3-276,250x^2+42,114x-1$,759; ($R^2$ = 0.99; p<0.01; y = ADG, g/d; x = dietary TDP, %). The feed:gain ratio for pigs was affected by dietary TDP levels as described by Equation 2: y = $3,651.1x^4-3,480.4x^3+1,183.8x^2-172.5x+10.9$ ($R^2$ = 0.99; p<0.01; y = feed:gain ratio; x = dietary TDP, %). Total P concentrations in serum were affected by dietary TDP levels as described by Equation 3: y = $-3,311.7x^4+3,342.7x^3-1,224.6x^2+195.6x-8.7$ ($R^2$ = 0.99; p<0.01; y = total serum P concentration and x = dietary TDP, %). The highest ADG (782 g/d), the lowest feed:gain ratio (1.07), and the highest total serum P concentration (3.1 mmol/L) were obtained when dietary TDP level was 0.34%. Collectively, these results indicate that the optimal TDP requirement of growing pigs is 0.34% of the diet (e.g., 5.1 g/day for a 30-kg pig that consumed 1.5 kg feed daily) at a total Ca to TDP ratio of 2:1.

      • KCI등재

        MHD Instability Fluctuation Measurement on the HL-2A Tokamak by Using the HCN Laser Interferometer

        Y. G. Li,Y. Zhou,Z. C. Deng,J. Yi,Y. Li,H. X. Wang,X. Q. Ji,W. Deng 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.8

        The multichannel HCN laser interferometer has been routinely used to measure the electron density(ne) on the HL-2A tokamak for several years. In order to explore its capability for qualitativelyevaluating the Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluctuation in plasmas from the probing signal, weimplemented two important modifications on the hardware of channel #3 (r = −10.5 cm): (1) applicationof the high-response Schottky diode waveguide detector, and (2) utilization of a preamplifierwith a broad pass-band of up to 500 kHz so as not to filter the fluctuation component mixed withthe intermediate frequency (IF). Many MHD fluctuation phenomena, such as tearing modes (TMs),fishbones, long lived modes (LLMs), have been successfully detected by using the modified channel#3 in the HL-2A experimental campaign, and the results were quite coincident with those derivedfrom the magnetic probe and the soft X-ray systems. We propose to apply this novel approach tomore channels of the HCN laser interferometer.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Growth hormone and receptor gene mutations in Chinese Banna miniature pig

        Deng, J.Z.,Hao, L.L.,Li, M.T.,Lang, S.,Zeng, Y.Z.,Liu, S.C.,Zhang, Y.L. The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2011 Animal cells and systems Vol.15 No.4

        The Banna miniature pig (BNMP) is a representative miniature pig breed in China. Even though BNMP dwarfism is obvious, its underlying causative mutations remain unknown. In this study, the BNMP and Large White pig (LWP) serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels were detected by ELISA and compared. BNMP serum IGF-1 levels were significantly lower than LWP levels (P<0.05). The miniature condition may arise from mutations in the GH and GH receptor (GHR) genes. Therefore, GH and GHR cDNA from the BNMP were cloned into a pMD18-T vector by RT-PCR using the total RNA obtained from the BNMP's pituitary and liver tissues. Sequencing results indicated that the open reading frame of the BNMP GH gene is composed of a 26-residue signal peptide and a 191-residue mature peptide. The coding sequence of the BNMP GHR gene contained 639 amino acids, including a signal peptide that is 18 amino acids long. Two amino acid substitutions, A09V and R22Q, were found in the signal peptide of the GH gene. Additionally, the S104P mutation was found in the BNMP's mature GH protein. Four mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of GHR may influence the downstream signal transduction of GHR, which needs further experimental evidence.

      • Coronary Atherosclerosis T<sub>1</sub>-Weighed Characterization With Integrated Anatomical Reference

        Xie, Y.,Kim, Y.J.,Pang, J.,Kim, J.S.,Yang, Q.,Wei, J.,Nguyen, C.T.,Deng, Z.,Choi, B.W.,Fan, Z.,Bairey Merz, C.N.,Shah, P.K.,Berman, D.S.,Chang, H.J.,Li, D. Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam 2017 JACC CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING Vol.10 No.6

        Objectives: The aim of this work is the development of coronary atherosclerosis T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted characterization with integrated anatomical reference (CATCH) technique and the validation by comparison with high-risk plaque features (HRPF) observed on intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) and invasive coronary angiography. Background: T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance with or without contrast media has been used for characterizing coronary atherosclerosis showing promising prognostic value. Several limitations include: 1) coverage is limited to proximal coronary segments; 2) spatial resolution is low and often anisotropic; and 3) a separate magnetic resonance angiography acquisition is needed to localize lesions. Methods: CATCH acquired dark-blood T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted images and bright-blood anatomical reference images in an interleaved fashion. Retrospective motion correction with 100% respiratory gating efficiency was achieved. Reference control subjects (n = 13) completed both pre- and post-contrast scans. Stable angina patients (n = 30) completed pre-contrast scans, among whom 26 eligible patients also completed post-contrast scans. After cardiac magnetic resonance, eligible patients (n = 22) underwent invasive coronary angiography and OCT for the interrogation of coronary atherosclerosis. OCT images were assessed and scored for HRPF (lipid-richness, macrophages, cholesterol crystals, and microvessels) by 2 experienced analysts blinded to magnetic resonance results. Results: Per-subject analysis showed none of the 13 reference control subjects had coronary hyperintensive plaques (CHIP) in either pre-contrast or post-contrast CATCH. Five patients had CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH and 5 patients had CHIP on post-contrast CATCH. Patients with CHIP had greater lipid abnormality than those without. Per-segment analysis showed elevated pre- and post-contrast plaque to myocardium signal ratio in the lesions with HRPF versus those without. Positive correlation was observed between plaque to myocardium signal ratio and OCT HRPF scoring. CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH were associated with significantly higher stenosis level than non-CHIP on invasive coronary angiography. Conclusions: CATCH provided accelerated whole heart coronary plaque characterization with simultaneously acquired anatomical reference. CHIP detected by CATCH showed positive association with high-risk plaque features on invasive imaging studies.

      • Additive Manufacturing of Metallic Materials: A Review

        Zhang, Y.,Wu, L.,Guo, X.,Kane, S.,Deng, Y.,Jung, Y. G.,Lee, J. H.,Zhang, J. Springer Science + Business Media 2018 Journal of materials engineering and performance Vol.27 No.1

        <P>In this review article, the latest developments of the four most common additive manufacturing methods for metallic materials are reviewed, including powder bed fusion, direct energy deposition, binder jetting, and sheet lamination. In addition to the process principles, the microstructures and mechanical properties of AM-fabricated parts are comprehensively compared and evaluated. Finally, several future research directions are suggested.</P>

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