Isolation and identification of a canine coronavirus strain from giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Feng-Shan Gao,Xian-zhu Xia,Yu-Wei Gao,Ya-Duo Bai,Xiao-Huan Zou,Gui-Xue Hu 대한수의학회 2009 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.10 No.3

Two giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) died of unknown causes in a Chinese zoo. The clinical disease profile suggested that the pandas may have suffered a viral infection. Therefore, a series of detection including virus isolation, electron microscopy, cytobiological assay, serum neutralization and RT-PCR were used to identify the virus. It was determined that the isolated virus was a canine coronavirus (CCV), on the basis of coronavirus, neutralization by canine anti-CCV serum, and 84.3% to 100% amino acid sequence similarity with CCV. The results suggest that the affected pandas had been infected with CCV.

Improved antimicrobial effect of ginseng extract by heat transformation

Xue, Peng,Yao, Yang,Yang, Xiu-shi,Feng, Jia,Ren, Gui-xing The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: The incidence of halitosis has a prevalence of 22-50% throughout the world and is generally caused by anaerobic oral microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Clostridium perfringens, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Previous investigations on the structure-activity relationships of ginsenosides have led to contrasting results. Particularly, the antibacterial activity of less polar ginsenosides against halitosis-related bacteria has not been reported. Methods: Crude saponins extracted from the Panax quinquefolius leaf-stem (AGS) were treated at $130^{\circ}C$ for 3 h to obtain heat-transformed saponins (HTS). Five ginsenoside-enriched fractions (HTS-1, HTS-2, HTS-3, HTS-4, and HTS-5) and less polar ginsenosides were separated by HP-20 resin absorption and HPLC, and the antimicrobial activity and mechanism were investigated. Results: HPLC with diode-array detection analysis revealed that heat treatment induced an extensive conversion of polar ginsenosides (-Rg1/Re, -Rc, -Rb2, and -Rd) to less polar compounds (-Rg2, -Rg3, -Rg6, -F4, -Rg5, and -Rk1). The antimicrobial assays showed that HTS, HTS-3, and HTS-4 were effective at inhibiting the growth of F. nucleatum, C. perfringens, and P. gingivalis. Ginsenosides-Rg5 showed the best antimicrobial activity against the three bacteria, with the lowest values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. One major reason for this result is that less polar ginsenosides can more easily damage membrane integrity. Conclusion: The results indicated that the less polar ginsenoside-enriched fraction from heat transformation can be used as an antibacterial agent to control halitosis.

A Novel Selenium- and Copper-Containing Peptide with Both Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities

Xian Feng Zou,Yue Tong Ji,Gui Gao,Xue Jun Zhu,Shao Wu Lv,Fei Yan,Si Ping Han,Xing Chen,Chang Cheng Gao,Jun Qiu Liu,Gui Min Luo 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.1

Improved antimicrobial effect of ginseng extract by heat transformation

Peng Xue,Yang Yao,Xiu-Shi Yang,Jia Feng,Gui-xing Ren 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: The incidence of halitosis has a prevalence of 22e50% throughout the world and is generally caused by anaerobic oral microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Clostridium perfringens, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Previous investigations on the structure-activity relationships of ginsenosides have led to contrasting results. Particularly, the antibacterial activity of less polar ginsenosides against halitosis-related bacteria has not been reported. Methods: Crude saponins extracted from the Panax quinquefolius leaf-stem (AGS) were treated at 130C for 3 h to obtain heat-transformed saponins (HTS). Five ginsenoside-enriched fractions (HTS-1, HTS-2, HTS-3, HTS-4, and HTS-5) and less polar ginsenosides were separated by HP-20 resin absorption and HPLC, and the antimicrobial activity and mechanism were investigated. Results: HPLC with diode-array detection analysis revealed that heat treatment induced an extensive conversion of polar ginsenosides (-Rg1/Re, -Rc, -Rb2, and -Rd) to less polar compounds (-Rg2, -Rg3, -Rg6, -F4, -Rg5, and -Rk1). The antimicrobial assays showed that HTS, HTS-3, and HTS-4 were effective at inhibiting the growth of F. nucleatum, C. perfringens, and P. gingivalis. Ginsenosides-Rg5 showed the best antimicrobial activity against the three bacteria, with the lowest values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. One major reason for this result is that less polar ginsenosides can more easily damage membrane integrity. Conclusion: The results indicated that the less polar ginsenoside-enriched fraction from heat transformation can be used as an antibacterial agent to control halitosis.

Active Earth Pressure against Cantilever Retaining Walls with a Long Relief Shelf in Rotation about the Top

Yun Que,Xue-feng Gui,Fu-Quan Chen 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.6

A cantilever retaining wall with a long relief shelf (CRW-LRS) is a particular type of retaining wall, but no studies have yet reported on rotation about the top of this type of retaining wall. This work studied failure mechanisms in semi-infinite non-cohesive soils in rotation about the top using the finite element elastoplastic analysis method (FEEA). By considering the influence of both the relief shelf and rotational stress from the soil, a formula for calculating the active earth pressure (Ea) was developed using the horizontal differential layer limit analysis method. Four different parameters were studied, i.e., unloading plate’s geometric conditions, heel length and the internal friction angle of the backfill, in terms of their influence on the Eadistribution, resultant force etc. The lowest Ea was found when the relief shelf’ relative position m = 0.4.

Prepartum body condition score affects milk yield, lipid metabolism, and oxidation status of Holstein cows

Wei Zhao,Xue Chen,Jun Xiao,Xiao Hui Chen,Xue Feng Zhang,Tao Wang,Yu Guo Zhen,Gui Zin Qin 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.12

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of prepartum body condition score (BCS) on the milk yield, lipid metabolism, and oxidative status of Holstein cows. Methods: A total of 112 multiparous Holstein cows were divided into 4 groups according to the BCS at 21 days before calving: medium BCS (3.0 to 3.25, MBCS), high BCS (3.5 to 3.75, HBCS), higher BCS (4.0 to 4.25, HerBCS), and highest BCS (4.5 to 5.0, HestBCS). Blood samples were collected on 21, 14, and 7 days before calving (precalving), on the calving day (calving), and on 7, 14, and 21 days after calving (postcalving). The indices of lipid metabolism and oxidative status were analyzed using bovine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Colostrum were taken after calving and analyzed by a refractometer and milk analyzer. The individual milk yield was recorded every 3 days. Results: The density and levels of immune globulin and lactoprotein of colostrum from Holstein cows in the HestBCS group were the highest (p<0.05). These animals not only had the highest (p<0.05) levels of serum non-esterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate, but also had the highest (p<0.05) levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, vitamin A, and vitamin E. In addition, greater (p<0.05) BCS loss was observed in the HestBCS cows. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the milk yield, lipid metabolism, and oxidative status of Holstein cows are related to prepartum BCS and BCS loss during the transition period. HestBCS cows are more sensitive to oxidative stress and suffer greater loss of BCS after calving, whereas the MBCS animals had better milk yield performance.

UHRF2 mRNA Expression is Low in Malignant Glioma but Silencing Inhibits the Growth of U251 Glioma Cells in vitro

Wu, Ting-Feng,Zhang, Wei,Su, Zuo-Peng,Chen, San-Song,Chen, Gui-Lin,Wei, Yong-Xin,Sun, Ting,Xie, Xue-Shun,Li, Bin,Zhou, You-Xin,Du, Zi-Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

UHRF2 is a member of the ubiquitin plant homeo domain RING finger family, which has been proven to be frequently up-regulated in colorectal cancer cells and play a role as an oncogene in breast cancer cells. However, the role of UHRF2 in glioma cells remains unclear. In this study, we performed real-time quantitative PCR on 32 pathologically confirmed glioma samples (grade I, 4 cases; grade II, 11 cases; grade III, 10 cases; and grade IV, 7 cases; according to the 2007 WHO classification system) and four glioma cell lines (A172, U251, U373, and U87). The expression of UHRF2 mRNA was significantly lower in the grade III and grade IV groups compared with the noncancerous brain tissue group, whereas its expression was high in A172, U251, and U373 glioma cell lines. An in vitro assay was performed to investigate the functions of UHRF2. Using a lentivirus-based RNA interference (RNAi) approach, we down-regulated UHRF2 expression in the U251 glioma cell line. This down-regulation led to the inhibition of cell proliferation, an increase in cell apoptosis, and a change of cell cycle distribution, in which S stage cells decreased and G2/M stage cells increased. Our results suggest that UHRF2 may be closely related to tumorigenesis and the development of gliomas.

Differences in the mandibular premolar positions in Angle Class I subjects with different vertical facial types

Jun Duan,Feng Deng,Wan-Shan Li,Xue-Lei Li,Lei-Lei Zheng,Gui-Yuan Li,Yan-Jie Bai 대한치과교정학회 2015 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.45 No.4

Objective: To compare the positions of the mandibular premolars in Angle Class I subjects according to vertical facial type. The results will provide a theoretical basis for predicting effective tooth movement in orthodontic treatment. Methods: Cephalometric parameters were determined using cone-beam computed tomography in 120 Angle Class I subjects. Subjects were categorized as short, normal, and long face types according to the Frankfort mandibular angle. Parameters indicating the position of the mandibular right premolars and the mandible were also measured. Results: The angle between the mandibular first premolar axis and buccal cortex, the distance between the root apex and buccal cortex, angle of vestibularization, arc of vestibularization, and root apex maximum movable distance were significantly greater in the short face type than in the long and norm face types. The angle between the mandibular second premolar axis and buccal cortex, the distance from root apex to buccal cortex, and the arc of vestibularization were significantly greater in the short face type than in the normal face type. Conclusions: There are significant differences in the mandibular premolar positions in Class I subjects according to vertical facial type.

Rockburst occurrences and microseismicity in a longwall panel experiencing frequent rock bursts

Zhen-lei Li,Xue-qiu He,Lin-ming Dou,Gui-feng Wang 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.4

A rockburst is a kind of dynamic geological hazard faced by engineers and researchers. Identification of a potential rockburst risk area (PRBRA) allows effective, targeted measures to be taken mitigate these hazards. To provide a reference for determining PRBRA in longwall panels with similar conditions, an in situ investigation that lasted for over three years was conducted on LW3401 in the Junde coal mine which experienced a total of 22 rockbursts. The investigation involves rockburst consequences (including the location, length, degree, and modes of the ensuing damage), seismic features of rockburst (including the source and seismic energy), and the relationship between rockbursts and microseismicity. Results show that damaged areas are mostly within the 18 m behind the excavation face, or up to 30 m ahead of the coalface. Lengths of damaged sections of roadways are within 95 m (and 115 m) during roadway excavation (and coalface advancing operations). The seismic energy of rockbursts ranges from 1.60 × 104 to 8.21 × 106 J. Sources of rockbursts lie mostly within 145 m of damage locations. Before a rockburst, sources of microseismic (MS) events begin to cluster around the roadway or coalface. Daily total energy and MS event counts rose, then fell, before a rockburst occurred. PRBRAs in a roadway lie within a certain distance behind the excavation face, or ahead of the coalface. When high-energy MS events are found in close proximity to a PRBRA, the rockburst risk in a given panel increases.

Transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes in rabbits’ ovaries by digital gene-expression profiling

Tao Huang,Ya‑dong Wang,Ming‑ming Xue,Xue Feng,Cai‑Xia Sun,An‑si Wang,Shu‑yu Xie,Meng Zhang,Gui‑Rong Sun,Ming Li 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.7

Reproduction is a complex physiological process that is regulated by multiple genes and pathways. Compared with studies of common livestock, fewer studies of genes related to the fertility of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) have been reported, and the molecular mechanism of their high productivity is still poorly understood. To identify candidate genes associated with development and prolificacy in rabbits, we analyzed gene expression differences among the ovaries of mature Californian rabbit (LC), and mature (HH) and immature Harbin white rabbit (IH) using digital gene expression technology. We detected 885 and 321 genes that were significantly differentially expressed in comparisons between HH/IH and HH/LC, respectively. The functions of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined by GO classification and KEGG pathway analysis. The results suggest that most of the DEGs between the mature and immature developmental stages were predominantly associated with DNA replication, cell cycle, and progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, and most were up-regulated in the IH group compared with the HH group. The DEGs involved in disparate fecundities between HH and LC were associated with reproduction, fructose and mannose metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and pyruvate metabolism. Our results will contribute to a better understanding of changes in the regulatory network in ovary at different developmental stages and in different fertility of rabbit.