Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Rhizoctonia solani-resistant and -Susceptible Rice Cultivars Reveals the Importance of Pathogen Recognition and Active Immune Responses in Host Resistance

Guo-Liang Wang,Shaohong Qu,Zhengjie Yuan,Yu Zhang,Guojuan Xu,Dongling Bi,Haiyan Qu,Xiaowei Zou,Xiaoqing Gao,Haihe Yang,Haiyan He,Xuli Wang,Jiandong Bao,Shimin Zuo,Xuebiao Pan,Bo Zhou 한국식물학회 2018 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.61 No.3

Rice sheath blight (SB), caused by Rhizoctoniasolani (R. solani), is a major threat to rice productionworldwide. The molecular mechanisms of the SB resistancein rice are poorly understood. The transcriptomes of the SBresistantrice cultivar YSBR1 and the susceptible cultivarLemont were analyzed after R. solani infection. A total of7624 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identifiedat one or more timepoints in a cultivar. 5526 and 5618 DEGswere differentially expressed in Lemont and YSBR1,respectively. YSBR1 exhibited stronger and earlier transcriptionalresponse to R. solani than Lemont. Gene ontology enrichmentanalysis revealed that genes that encode cell wall-modifyingand glycosyl-degrading enzymes or anti-microbial proteinswere specifically induced in YSBR1 at 6 hpi. MapMananalysis revealed that more DEGs related with cell wall, β-glucanses, respiratory burst, phenylpropanoids and ligninwere highly induced by R. solani in YSBR1 than in Lemont. The results also showed that receptor-like kinases and jasmonicacid signaling may play important roles in host resistance toR. solani. This study highlights potential candidate genes andsignaling pathways involved in rice sheath resistance and canhelp to further clarify the mechanistic events underlyingresistance and susceptibility to R. solani.

Limiting Attribute Disclosure in Randomization Based Microdata Release

Guo, Ling,Ying, Xiaowei,Wu, Xintao Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2011 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.5 No.3

Privacy preserving microdata publication has received wide attention. In this paper, we investigate the randomization approach and focus on attribute disclosure under linking attacks. We give efficient solutions to determine optimal distortion parameters, such that we can maximize utility preservation while still satisfying privacy requirements. We compare our randomization approach with l-diversity and anatomy in terms of utility preservation (under the same privacy requirements) from three aspects (reconstructed distributions, accuracy of answering queries, and preservation of correlations). Our empirical results show that randomization incurs significantly smaller utility loss.

Limiting Attribute Disclosure in Randomization Based Microdata Release

Ling Guo,Xiaowei Ying,Xintao Wu 한국정보과학회 2011 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.5 No.3

Privacy preserving microdata publication has received wide attention. In this paper, we investigate the randomization approach and focus on attribute disclosure under linking attacks. We give efficient solutions to determine optimal distortion parameters, such that we can maximize utility preservation while still satisfying privacy requirements. We compare our randomization approach with i-diversity and anatomy in terms of utility preservation (under the same privacy requirements) from three aspects (reconstructed distributions, accuracy of answering queries, and preservation of correlations). Our empirical results show that randomization incurs significantly smaller utility loss.

TRIM22 promotes the proliferation of glioblastoma cells by activating MAPK signaling and accelerating the degradation of Raf-1

Fei Xiaowei,Dou Ya-nan,Sun Kai,Wei Jialiang,Guo Qingdong,Wang Li,Wu Xiuquan,Lv Weihao,Jiang Xiaofan,Fei Zhou 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

The tripartite motif (TRIM) 22 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play critical roles in the growth of glioblastoma (GBM). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the relationship between TRIM22 and MAPK signaling remains unclear. Here, we found that TRIM22 binds to exon 2 of the sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2) gene. An ERK1/2-driven luciferase reporter construct identified TRIM22 as a potential activator of MAPK signaling. Knockout and overexpression of TRIM22 regulate the inhibition and activation of MAPK signaling through the RING-finger domain. TRIM22 binds to Raf-1, a negative regulator of MAPK signaling, and accelerates its degradation by inducing K48-linked ubiquitination, which is related to the CC and SPRY domains of TRIM22 and the C1D domain of Raf-1. In vitro and in vivo, an SPHK2 inhibitor (K145), an ERK1/2 inhibitor (selumetinib), and the nonphosphorylated mutant Raf-1S338A inhibited GBM growth. In addition, deletion of the RING domain and the nuclear localization sequence of TRIM22 significantly inhibited TRIM22-induced proliferation of GBM cells in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our study showed that TRIM22 regulates SPHK2 transcription and activates MAPK signaling through posttranslational modification of two critical regulators of MAPK signaling in GBM cells.

Microstructure and property evolution of diamond-like carbon films co-doped by Al and Ti with different ratios

Zhou, Yong,Guo, Peng,Sun, Lili,Liu, Linlin,Xu, Xiaowei,Li, Wenxian,Li, Xiaowei,Lee, Kwang-Ryeol,Wang, Aiying Elsevier Sequoia 2019 Surface & coatings technology Vol.361 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films with weak carbide metal Al and carbide metal Ti co-doping (Al/Ti-DLC) were prepared by a hybrid ion beam deposition system. The atomic ratios of doped Al to Ti were tailored via designing the special Al/Ti combined sputtering target. The composition, microstructure, roughness, residual stress, hardness, toughness, and tribological behaviors of the deposited films were systematically evaluated to explore the dependence of structural properties on Al/Ti ratios. Results indicated that the high-throughput preparation of DLC films with different Al/Ti atomic ratios was achieved by tailoring the sputtering target and process parameters without the difference in both the film thickness and total Al/Ti content. With the Al/Ti ratios in the films decreased from 8.8 to 3.0, the residual stress, hardness, and toughness of Al/Ti-DLC films increased obviously, originating from the increased fraction of titanium carbide and the reduced Al content. However, the coefficient of friction and wear rate with decreasing the Al/Ti ratio were obviously improved, which was related with the transformation of underlying friction mechanism from the sliding interface graphitization to dangling bond-passivation. The present results not only suggest a high-throughput method to fabricate co-doped DLC films, but also promote the scientific understanding and engineering application of DLC films with high performance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ti/Al co-doped diamond-like carbon films were fabricated by a hybrid ion beam method. </LI> <LI> Different Al/Ti ratios were successfully achieved at one time using designed target. </LI> <LI> Al/Ti ratios had no effect on the chemical state of co-doped Ti and Al atoms. </LI> <LI> The mechanical and tribological properties were strongly dependent on Ti/Al ratios. </LI> <LI> Different friction mechanisms were observed with Al/Ti ratios ranged from 8.8 to 3.0. </LI> </UL> </P>

Molecular mechanisms involved in epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated inhibition of dopamine D₃ receptor signaling

Sun, Ningning,Zhang, Xiaowei,Guo, Shuohan,Le, Hang Thi,Zhang, Xiaohan,Kim, Kyeong-Man Elsevier 2018 Biochimica et biophysica acta, Molecular cell rese Vol.1865 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The phenomenon wherein the signaling by a given receptor is regulated by a different class of receptors is termed transactivation or crosstalk. Crosstalk between receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is highly diverse and has unique functional implications because of the distinct structural features of the receptors and the signaling pathways involved. The present study used the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and dopamine D<SUB>3</SUB> receptor (D<SUB>3</SUB>R), which are both associated with schizophrenia, as the model system to study crosstalk between RTKs and GPCRs. Loss-of-function approaches were used to identify the cellular components involved in the tyrosine phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), which is responsible for EGFR-induced regulation of the functions of D<SUB>3</SUB>R. <I>SRC</I> proto-oncogene (Src, non-receptor tyrosine kinase), heterotrimeric G protein Gβγ subunit, and endocytosis of EGFR were involved in the tyrosine phosphorylation of GRK2. In response to EGF treatment, Src interacted with EGFR in a Gβγ-dependent manner, resulting in the endocytosis of EGFR. Internalized EGFR in the cytosol mediated Src/Gβγ-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of GRK2. The binding of tyrosine-phosphorylated GRK2 to the T142 residue of D<SUB>3</SUB>R resulted in uncoupling from G proteins, endocytosis, and lysosomal downregulation. This study identified the molecular mechanisms involved in the EGFR-mediated regulation of the functions of D<SUB>3</SUB>R, which can be extended to the crosstalk between other RTKs and GPCRs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Stimulation of EGFR results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of GRK2. </LI> <LI> Gβγ, Src, and endocytosis of EGFR are required for the tyrosine phosphorylation of GRK2. </LI> <LI> Tyrosine phosphorylated GRK2 binds to T142 of D<SUB>3</SUB>R. </LI> <LI> GRK2-bound D<SUB>3</SUB>R is uncoupled from G proteins to result in signaling inhibition. </LI> <LI> GRK2-bound D<SUB>3</SUB>R undergoes endocytosis and degradation through lysosomal pathway. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

UBE2W Interacts with FANCL and Regulates the Monoubiquitination of Fanconi Anemia Protein FANCD2

Yingying Zhang,Peitang Huang,Xiaowei Zhou,Lixia Zhao,Chao Li,Hengqi Zhu,Long Xu,Liran Shan,Xiang Liao,Zekun Guo 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.31 No.2

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare cancer-predisposing ge-netic disease mostly caused by improper regulation of the monoubiquitination of Fanconi anemia complementation group D2 (FANCD2). Genetic studies have indicated that ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBE2T and HHR6 could regulate FANCD2 monoubiquitination through distinct mechanisms. However, the exact regulation mechanisms of FANCD2 monoubiquitination in response to different DNA damages remain unclear. Here we report that UBE2W, a new ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, could regulate FANCD2 monoubiquitination by mechanisms different from UBE2T or HHR6. Indeed, UBE2W exhibits ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity and catalyzes the monoubiquitination of PHD domain of Fanconi anemia complementation group L (FANCL) in vitro. UBE2W binds to FANCL, and the PHD domain is both necessary and sufficient for this interaction in mammalian cells. In addition, over-expression of UBE2W in cells promotes the monoubiquitination of FANCD2 and down-regulated UBE2W markedly reduces the UV irradia-tion-induced but not MMC-induced FANCD2 monoubiquiti-nation. These results indicate that UBE2W regulates FANCD2 monoubiquitination by mechanisms different from UBE2T and HRR6. It may provide an additional regulatory step in the activation of the FA pathway.

Preparation and characterization of Cu2FeSnS4 thin films for solar cells via a co-electrodeposition method

Jicheng Zhou,Shiqi Yu,Xiaowei Guo,Liang Wu,Hongjiang Li 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.2

Quaternary stannite semiconductor Cu2FeSnS4 (CFTS), which is an ideal material for solar photovoltaic cells, has attracted widespread attention. CFTS crystals have been successfully synthesized by the co-electrochemical deposition method. The structure, morphology, and composition of as-synthesized samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), respectively. From the results, it was found that the properties of the sample can be improved by tuning the Cu2+ concentration in the electrolyte, and the best sample was obtained with the Cu2+ concentration of 0.01 M. For the best sample, the CFTS thin films have single phase and good crystallinity with even particle size. By the addition of ascorbic acid, an effective way has been found to enhance the Fe content in the sample, and the reason for the Fe-poor phenomenon has also been explored.

Depositional and diagenetic controls on the reservoir quality of Upper Triassic Chang-7 tight oil sandstones, southwestern Ordos basin, China

Ai Wang,Dakang Zhong,Haihua Zhu,Lele Guo,Zhuopei Li,Yangjinfeng Jiang,Xueqi Yang,Rui Xie,Xiaowei Zheng 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.3

The seventh oil layer of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang-7) tight oil sandstone reservoirs is a major exploration target. A significant amount of hydrocarbons has been discovered in these reservoirs in the southwestern Ordos basin in China. The Chang-7 tight sandstones are characterised as tight with low porosity, low permeability, and strong heterogeneity. This study investigates the sedimentary facies, diagenesis, and their impact on the reservoir quality of the Chang-7 tight oil sandstones. The sandstones were deposited in a deltaic-lacustrine depositional system. Three major depositional facies are identified consisting of delta front fed by braided rivers and meandering rivers, and slump turbidite fans. The depositional environment exerts a key control on reservoir quality. The distinct low-energy sedimentary environment produced fine to very fine-grained sandstones with high matrix and mica contents, characterised by low initial porosity and permeability. Diagenesis mainly comprised mechanical compaction and cementation by quartz, carbonate minerals and various clay minerals. The reservoir properties of the Chang-7 sandstones are generally poor, with porosity of 1.4–20.7% (average porosity 8.6%) and permeability of 0.001–116.7 mD (average 0.2 mD), which are attributed to significant compaction and cementation. Mechanical compaction was more important than cementation for reducing porosity, whereas secondary dissolution porosity was significant for the Chang-7 tight oil sandstones due to closer proximity to the underlying Chang-73 source rocks.

Cu2O Nanoparticles and Multi-Branched Nanowires as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Xu Chen,Chunxin Yu,Xiaojiao Guo,Qinsong Bi,Muhammad Sajjad,Yang Ren,Xiaowei Zhou,Zhu Liu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.09

Novelty Cu2O multi-branched nanowires and nanoparticles with size ranging from ~15 nm to ~60 nm have been synthesized by one-step hydrothermal process. These Cu2O nanostructures when used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries exhibit the excellent electrochemical cycling stability and reduced polarization during the repeated charge/discharge process. The specific capacity of the Cu2O nanoparticles, multi-branched nanowires and microscale are maintained at 201.2 mAh/g, 259.6mAh/g and 127.4 mAh/g, respectively, under the current density of 0.1 A/g after 50 cycles. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the Cu2O nanostructures compared with microscale counterpart can be attributed to the larger contact area between active Cu2O nanostructures/electrolyte interface, shorter diffusion length of Li+ within nanostructures and the improved stress release upon lithiation/delithiation.