Characteristics of Observed Tropopause Height Derived From L-band Sounder Over the Tibetan Plateau and Surrounding Areas

Xiaoling Jiang,Donghai Wang,Jianjun Xu,Yuwei Zhang,Long S. Chiu 한국기상학회 2017 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.53 No.1

The tropopause, which plays important roles in the stratosphere-troposphere exchange, is an interface between the troposphere and stratosphere. In this study, the characteristics of tropopause is investigated with the high vertical resolution daily sounding data during the period from 2008 to 2014 collected by the network of L-band sounder at 119 observational stations over Mainland China developed by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA). The results show that the tropopause height increases from the north to the south and has little correspondence with the station elevation. In addition, the spectral analyses and wavelet analyses are also performed to understand the intraseasonal variations of the tropopause. The results show that usually there are seasonal cycles with maximum in summer and minimum in winter. The strongest spectral band with period of 25-35 days is observed over the Southeast China. Besides, 20-60 days signals over the Changjiang River basin and the Tibetan Plateau has a good correlation to the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), suggesting that the behavior of tropopause over the regions between 30oN and 40oN could relate to the Niño events.

Insights into high molecular weight poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) with satisfactory appearance: Roles of in-situ catalysis of metal zinc

Xiaoling Qu,Guangyuan Zhou,Rui Wang,Haiyan Zhang,Zhipeng Wang,Min Jiang,Jun Tang 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

In pursuit of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) PEF materials with high molecular weight,satisfactory appearance and faster crystallization rate, its preparation from dimethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (DMFD) with ethylene glycol (EG) in the trace presence of metal zinc was performed viatransesterification method. Optimization of the main polymerization parameters enabled Zn-catalyzedPEF to gain high molecular weight (Mn, 5.40 104 g mol 1) and low content of diethylene glycolfurandicarboxylate unit (DEGF, 2.91%). On the basis of experimental phenomena and high performanceliquid chromatography (HPLC), the actual catalytic active species of metal zinc in the polymerization wasspeculated to be a salt of 2, 5-furandicarboxylate derivative (Zn(II)). The in-stiu catalyst can efficaciouslyinhibit the influence of by-product FDCA on the color of PEF, which displayed quite better appearance(close to white). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed that the in-stiu catalytic system acted asnucleating agent (NA) and the crystallization half-time (t1/2) of PEFs-Zn was only 1/4 of that of PEF-tin. Additionally, series of high molecular weight furan-based polyesters from DMFD and diols with differentmethylene (3, 5, 6 and 8) were obtained by zinc powder as in-stiu catalyst, which further evidenced it tobe efficiency and universality.

Morphology-Controlled Synthesis and Electrochemical Characteristics of Fe2O3 Nanorods

Bo Bai,Xiaole Yan,Gang Li,Pengwei Li,Jie Hu,Huabei Jiang,Wendong Zhang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.12

In this work, highly uniform single crystal Fe2O3 nanorods have been synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method in the presence of dihydrogen phosphate ions. Phosphate ions were speculated capping to the sidewalls of Fe2O3 nanocrystals, and resulted in the anisotropic growth of hematite crystals along their [006] zone axis. Fe2O3 nanorods with various aspect ratios have been realized by applying different phosphate concentration of 0.1–0.4 mM. The electrochemical properties of Fe2O3 nanorods showed that the samples with the smallest aspect ratio possessed superior specific capacitance and stability. It was speculated that the larger specific area of the Fe2O3 nanorods with the shortest axial length facilitated the efficient access of electrolyte ions to the electrode surface, and thus would aid in delivering the high pseudocapacitance. These results provide a promising route to obtain the desired hematite-based energy storage materials.

Genome-wide analysis and environmental response profiling of SOT family genes in rice (Oryza sativa)

Rongjun Chen,Yunyun Jiang,Jiali Dong,Xin Zhang,Hongbo Xiao,Zhengjun Xu,Xiaoling Gao 한국유전학회 2012 Genes & Genomics Vol.34 No.5

Sulphotransferase (SOT) catalyses the transfer of a sulphonate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS)to an appropriate hydroxyl group of various substrates with the parallel formation of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate (PAP). Although several SOTs have been identified and characterized in mammalian, their role in plant is still unclear. In this study, we report genome-wide comprehensive expression analysis of 35 putative SOT genes in rice. The 35 OsSOTs were tandemly arranged into six clusters. The phylogenetic analysis showed that there were 7 subfamilies of OsSOTs and 11 putatively conserved motifs. Six OsSOTs might be pseudogenes,25 have the two motifs which were involved in PAPS binding regions I and IV. Microarray data indicated that all the OsSOTs were expressed almost at the same level but with different patterns: most OsSOTs were expressed exclusively in stigma and ovary and induced by IAA and BAP, several genes were induced by tZ and DMSO and 11 OsSOTs were response to abiotic stress. Further analysis showed that these 11 genes contained cis-regulatory elements responding to abiotic stresses.

CD31 and D2-40 Contribute to Peritoneal Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer by Promoting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

( Xinqiang Zhu ),( Gang Zhou ),( Peng Ni ),( Xuetong Jiang ),( Hailong Huang ),( Jianqiang Wu ),( Xiaohong Shi ),( Xiaoling Jiang ),( Jianing Liu ) 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.2

Background/Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients often exhibit peritoneal metastasis, which negatively impacts their prognosis. CD31 and D2-40 have recently been suggested to be predictors of breast cancer prognosis, but their role in colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM) remains unknown. Methods: The expression profiles of CD31 and D2-40 were analyzed in CRC patients with or without CRPM and in CRC cell lines with increasing metastatic potential. Overexpression and short hairpin RNA knockdown assays were performed in CRC cells, and the effects of these alterations on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro, growth of xenograft tumors in vivo, and peritoneal metastasis potential in a mouse model of CRPM were examined. Results: The expressions of CD31 and D2-40 were upregulated in CRC tumor tissues and was elevated further in tumor tissues from patients with CRPM. CD31 and D2-40 expression levels exhibited increasing trends parallel to the EMT potential of CRC cells. CD31 and D2-40 are essential for CRC cell EMT in vitro as well as for xenograft tumor growth and peritoneal metastasis in vivo. Conclusions: CD31 and D2-40 contribute to CRPM by promoting EMT and may serve as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for CRC, particularly in patients with peritoneal metastasis. (Gut Liver 2021;15:273-283)

Genome-wide analysis and environmental response profiling of dirigent family genes in rice (Oryza sativa)

Rongjun Chen,Yongrong Liao,Shengbin Liu,Yunyun Jiang,Changqiong Hu,Xuewei Zhang,Xufeng Cao,Zhengjun Xu,Xiaoling Gao,Lihua Li,Jianqing Zhu 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.1

Dirigent (DIR) and DIR-like family genes were involved in lignification or in the response to pathogen infection and abiotic stress in plants. Little is known to us about how rice DIR genes respond to adverse conditions. In this study, we reported genome-wide analysis of 49 DIR or DIR-likes genes in rice. The 49 OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were tandem arranged into ten clusters. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 49 rice DIR and DIR-like genes cluster into five distinct subfamilies, DIR-a and four DIRlike subfamilies (DIR-b/d, and DIR-g, DIR-c, DIR-e). Meta-analysis of microarray gene expression datas indicated that all the OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were expressed almost at the same level but with different patterns: most OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were expressed exclusively in stigma and ovary and were induced by IAA and BAP; several genes were induced by trans-zeatin (tZ) and DMSO; 23 OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were responded to abiotic stress. Our analysis also showed that most of these genes could respond to abiotic stresses, which contained cis-regulatory elements. The present study will provide a useful reference for further functional analysis of the DIR genes in rice.

Enhanced Transfection of Polyplexes Based on Pluronic-Polypropylenimine Dendrimer for Gene Transfer

Junguo Hao,Yuanjia Tang,Xianyi Sha,Ye Jiang,Zhiwen Zhang,Wei Zhang,Yajuan Li,Xiaoling Fang 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.7

Third generation cationic dendritic polymeric polypropyleneimine (PPI) was modified by Pluronic P123 and investigated for gene delivery. The cytotoxicity of P123-PPI was evaluated by the MTT assay and shown to be much lower than that of PPI alone. P123-PPI and PPI can both condense plasmid DNA into nanoparticles with a size of approximately 100 nm and a zeta potential of about 15 mV at the N/P ratio 20:1. The nanoparticles can protect plasmid DNA from being digested by DNase I at a concentration of 0.4 U/μg DNA. The nanoparticles were resistant to dissociation induced by 50% fetal bovine serum and 75 μg/mL sodium heparin. The transfection efficiency of SPC-A1 cells using P123-PPI/DNA nanoparticles was much higher than the transfection utilizing PPI/DNA nanoparticles. The addition of free P123 during the preparation of P123-PPI/DNA nanoparticles could significantly enhance the transfection efficiency in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum. Therefore, P123-PPI/DNA complex nanoparticles may be a safe, efficient and promising cationic conjugate for gene delivery.

In Vitro Effects of SB202190 on Echinococcus granulosus

Hailong Lv,Siyuan Li,Jing Zhang,Weihua Liang,Xiaoling Mu,Yufeng Jiang 대한기생충학열대의학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.51 No.2

Spillage of cyst contents during surgical operation is the major cause of recurrence after hydatid cyst surgery. Instillation of a scolicidal agent into a hepatic hydatid cyst is the most commonly employed measure to prevent this complication. SB202190 is a pyridinyl imidazole derivative and is known to be a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. In the present study, the scolicidal effect of SB202190 was investigated. Freshly isolated Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices were subjected to SB202190 treatment (10, 20, 40, and 80 μM), and the effects on parasite viability were monitored by trypan blue staining. Corresponding effects were visualized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Dose-dependent protoscolex death within a few days of SB202190 treatment was observed. Although the in vitro scolicidal effect of SB202190 was satisfactory, the in vivo efficacy of this drug and also possible side effects remain to be further investigated.

Comparative analysis of the Down syndrome hippocampal non-coding RNA transcriptomes using a mouse model

Zhaowei Cai,Zhilan Xiao,Yufang Wang,Huazhen Liu,Kangdi Zhang,Xiaoning Zhen,Xiaoling Jiang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.11

Background Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy 21, is the most common human chromosomal disorder. Hippocampalabnormalities have been believed to be responsible for the DS developmental cognitive deficits. Cumulative evidences indicatedthat non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participated in brain development and function. Currently, few was known whetherdysregulated ncRNAs existed in DS whether the dysregulated ncRNAs played important pathology roles in DS. Objective The purpose of this study was generating an overview map of the dysregulated ncRNAs in DS, including themicroRNA (miRNA), long ncRNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNAs). DS mouse models are invaluable tools forfurther mechanism and therapy studies. Methods The well-studied DS mouse model Dp(16)1/Yey was used in this study as it contains the trisomy of the whole humanchromosome 21 syntenic region on mouse chromosomes 16. Hippocampi were isolated from pups of seven-days-old. Librariesfor miRNA, lncRNA and circRNAs were constructed separately, and the next generation sequencing method was utilized. Results Differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs were reported. Relative few regulating relationshipwere found between the DE miRNAs and DE mRNAs. LncRNAs originated from the trisomic regions expressed in clusters,but not all of them were 1.5-fold increased expressed. Dramatic DE circular RNAs were found in the DS hippocampus. The host genes of the DE circRNAs were enriched on functions which were well-known impaired in DS, e.g. long-termpotentiation,glutamatergic synapse, and GABAergic synapse. Conclusions We generated the first DS developmental hippocampal ncRNA transcriptome map. This work laid foundationsfor further investigations on role of ncRNAs in hippocampal functions.

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals cell type-specific transcriptome alterations of Down syndrome hippocampus using the Dp16 mouse model

Zhou Zuolin,Zhi Chunchun,Chen Die,Cai Zhaowei,Jiang Xiaoling 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.10

Background Down syndrome (DS), the most frequently occurring human chromosomal disorder, is caused by trisomy 21. The exact molecular effects of trisomy on certain cell populations in the brain remain poorly understood. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of trisomy on the transcriptomes of various types of neurons and nonneuronal cells in the hippocampus. Methods A total of 8993 nuclei from the WT and 6445 nuclei from the Dp16 hippocampus were analyzed by single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq). Cell clustering was achieved by the Seurat program. Results Hippocampal cells were grouped into multiple neuronal and nonneuronal populations. Only a limited number of trisomic genes were upregulated (q < 0.001) over 1.25-fold in a specific type of hippocampal cell. Specifically, deregulation of genes associated with synaptic signaling and organization was observed in multiple cell populations, including excitatory neurons, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. This observation suggests the potential importance of synapse deficits in DS. Interestingly, GO annotation of the upregulated genes suggested potential activation of the immune system by hippocampal excitatory neurons. Fewer trisomic genes were altered in nonneuronal cells than in neurons. Notably, microglial transcriptome analysis revealed significantly (q < 0.001) increased expression of C1qb and C1qc, which suggested potential involvement of complement-mediated synapse loss mediated by microglia in DS. Conclusion The trisomy-related hippocampal deficits should be driven by a small amount, not all, of the trisomic genes in a specific type of cell. Our work may help to narrow down both the molecular and cellular targets for future gene therapies in DS.