Collagen-Induced Arthritis and the Potential Role of Autoimmunity to Type 2 Collagen in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Xiao Wen He,John M. Stuart,Linda K. Myers,Andrew H. Kang 대한류마티스학회 2002 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Collagen induced arthritis (CIA) is an animal model that in many ways resembles rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CIA can be induced in susceptible animals by immunization with type II collagen (CII). Like RA, CIA is characterized by intense joint inflammation and destruction. On histological examination, there is synovitis accompanied by erosion of cartilage and subchondral bone. Autoantibodies to CII initiate joint inflammation by binding to articular cartilage, forming antigen-antibody complexes locally and activating hemolytic complement. Susceptibility to CIA in mice is linked to the expression of specific class II MHC molecules, which dictate the T cell determinants on CII, and therefore, the subsets of T cells that can be activated by CII. In addition to activation of B cells reactive to CII, the T cells stimulate monocytes/macrophages. These cells amplify the inflammatory cascade by secretion of proinflammatory monokines, including TNF-α and IL-1, leading to the production of other proinflammatory proteins, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The importance of CIA lies in its possible relationship to arthritis in humans. Progress in understanding CIA has contributed to the development of new therapies for RA. In addition, it has been found that mice with human HLA-DR1, DR4 and HLA-DQ8 transgenes, which have been demonstrated to be the susceptibility markers for RA, confer susceptibility to CIA. These observations coupled with the finding of T cells and B cells reactive with CII in the inflamed joints of RA patients establish the potential role of CII autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of RA.

Wettability contrast on the surface of CuO nanostructures for highly efficient fog harvesting

He Wen-xin,Jin Lian-lian,Ma Xiu-jia,Li Xiao,Li Jia,Wang Xue-wei 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.53 No.-

Fog collection can provide a sustainable and efficient method for solving the shortage of water resources. In this article, CuO nanostructures were designed and synthesized on the Cu mesh by a one-step oxidation method and used to collect water from fog. Their morphology and surface wettability are characterized through scanning electron microscopy and dynamic contact angle measuring device, while the process of fog collection is investigated by a high-speed camera. The fog collection efficiency depends on the microstructure of the sample surface, which could be well controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature. Compared with CuO nanoneedles and CuO nanowire clusters, CuO nanosheets promote the rapid falling of liquid droplets, improving the fog harvesting efficiency, which can achieve 3168 mg/cm2 within 120 s. CuO nanosheets have ultra-low adhesion due to high roughness and high air restraint ability, accelerating the transport of water droplets and reducing the re-evaporation of water droplets.

CMTM5-v1, a four-transmembrane protein, presents a secreted form released via a vesicle-mediated secretory pathway

( He Nan Li ),( Xiao Huan Guo ),( Lu Ning Shao ),( Markus Plate ),( Xiao Ning Mo ),( Yu Wang ),( Wen Ling Han ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.3

The CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family (CMTM) is a novel family of proteins linking classical chemokines and the transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF). Our earlier studies indicated several CMTM members (such as CKLF1 and CMTM2) have a secreted form. This is the first report of the secreted form of CMTM5-v1, the major RNA splicing form of CMTM5, which is produced as small vesicles (<100 nm diameter) and floats at a peak density of 1.19 g/ml on continuous sucrose gradients. CMTM5-v1 has no obvious co-localization with CD63 or Golgi complex. In addition, brefeldin A but not wortmannin can inhibit the secretion of CMTM5-v1. Our results suggest that CMTM5-v1 might be secreted via a different vesicle-mediated secretory pathway, which will be helpful for the studies of vesicle-mediated secretion and MARVEL domain-containing proteins. [BMB reports 2010; 43(3): 182-187]

Inpatients' Knowledge about Primary Liver Cancer and Hepatitis

He, Wen-Jing,Xu, Ming-Yan,Xu, Rui-Rui,Zhou, Xiao-Qiong,Ouyang, Jun-Jie,Han, Hui,Chen, Geng-Zhen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Objective: To assess the level of an inpatient population's awareness about hepatitis and primary liver cancer (PLC), the most common type of which is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and then to initiate education of this group. Methods: A survey was conducted with 1300 participants within the inpatient unit in representative tertiary hospitals in the Chaoshan area of China. Structured questionnaires contained demographic data and statements about different aspects of liver cancer and hepatitis. The questionnaires were completed by trained medical practitioners after they had conducted the interviews. Results: One way ANOVA showed that the sample population lacked adequate knowledge about HCC and hepatitis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the participant's level of education had the greatest impact on their total knowledge score when other variables remained constant. Conclusions: The study demonstrated: a general lack of awareness amongst the participants about the preventative strategies, and the management options available for people with primary liver cancer and hepatitis; education level was an important factor affecting knowledge levels. The demonstrated deficiencies in people's knowledge about hepatitis and HCC, and their lack of subsequent protective behaviours are likely to play an important role in HCC and hepatitis transmission or prevention.

Copper as an Antimicrobial Agent against Opportunistic Pathogenic and Multidrug Resistant Enterobacter Bacteria

Wen-Xiao Tian,Shi Yu,Muhammad Ibrahim,Abdul Wareth Almonaofy,Liu He,Qiu Hui,Zhu Bo,Bin Li,Guan-lin Xie 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.4

Infections by Enterobacter species are common and are multidrug resistant. The use of bactericidal surface materials such as copper has lately gained attention as an effective antimicrobial agent due to its deadly effects on bacteria,yeast, and viruses. The aim of the current study was to assess the antibacterial activity of copper surfaces against Enterobacter species. The antibacterial activity of copper surfaces was tested by overlying 5×106 CFU/ml suspensions of representative Enterobacter strains and comparing bacterial survival counts on copper surfaces at room temperature. Iron, stainless steel, and polyvinylchloride (PVC) were used as controls. The mechanisms responsible for bacterial killing on copper surfaces were investigated by a mutagenicity assay of the D-cycloserin (cyclA gene), single cell gel electrophoresis,a staining technique, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Copper yielded a significant decrease in the viable bacterial counts at 2 h exposure and a highly significant decrease at 4 h. Loss of cell integrity and a significantly higher influx of copper into bacterial cells exposed to copper surfaces, as compared to those exposed to the controls,were documented. There was no increase in mutation rate and DNA damage indicating that copper contributes to bacterial killing by adversely affecting cellular structure without directly targeting the genomic DNA. These findings suggest that copper’s antibacterial activity against Enterobacter species could be utilized in health care facilities and in food processing plants to reduce the bioburden, which would increase protection for susceptible members of the community.

The COX-2 -765 G>C Polymorphism is Associated with Increased Risk of Gastric Carcinogenesis in the Chinese Hui Ethnic Population

He, Wen-Ting,Liu, Tao,Tang, Xiao-Fan,Li, Yu-Min Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.9

Background: The Chinese Hui ethnic group has diverse origins, including Arab, Persian, Central Asian, and Mongol. The standardized mortality rate of gastric cancer in the Hui population is higher than the overall Chinese population. In this study, we investigated whether COX-2-765G>C polymorphism, an extensively studied polymorphism, contributes to gastric cancer and its precursor lesions (GPL) in the Chinese Hui ethnic group. Materials and Methods: COX-2-765G>C polymorphism was determined by pyrosequencing in 100 gastric cancer cases, 102 gastric cancerand its precursor lesions cases and 105 controls. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square tests and logistic regression models. Results: Among the Chinese Hui ethnic group COX-2-765 C allele carriers were at increased risk for gastric cancer (OR=1.977, 95%CI=1.104-3.541). We also found an interaction between COX-2 -765 C carriers and Helicobacter pylori infection and eating pickled vegetables. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a multi-step process of gene-environment interaction contributes to gastric carcinogenesis.

Inferring Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in MicroRNA Binding Sites of Lung Cancer-related Inflammatory Genes

He, Fei,Zheng, Ling-Ling,Luo, Wen-Ting,Yang, Rong,Xu, Xiao-Qin,Cai, Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Single nucleotide polymorphisms located at microRNA (miRNA)-binding sites are likely to affect the expression of miRNA targets and may contribute to the susceptibility of humans to common diseases. Here 335 candidate lung cancer-related inflammatory genes were selected according to the existing literature and database. We identified putative miRNA-binding sites of 149 genes by specialised algorithms and screened SNPs in the 3'UTRs of these genes. By calculating binding free energy, we sorted 269 SNPs on the basis of the possibility of prediction. The proposed approach could help to easy the identification of functionally relevant SNPs and minimize the workflow and the costs.

Uncovering Microstructure Evolution and Dynamic Softening Mechanism of Spray-Deposited AlZnMgCu Alloy Under Thermal Deformation

Guoai He,Cunxiao He,Yu Liu,Chao Liu,Zhiqiang Fu,Shuanghui Xu,Xiaofei Sheng,Zhu Xiao,Qinghong Wen 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

Dynamic softening behavior has been of great concern in the aluminum alloys, which served a vital role in affecting themicrostructure, deformation resistance and the final mechanical properties. In this paper, spray deposition was applied tomanufacture AlZnMgCu alloy to refine the casting microstructure and reduce segregation. The microstructure responses andcorresponding mechanism during the thermal compression with various temperatures and various strain rates were multiscalecharacterized and uncovered using high-resolution EBSD. The results revealed that many broken and fine grains wereobserved in the uneven and jagged grain boundaries under the low temperatures and high strain rates, which indicated theoccurrence of partial discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX). In addition, high density dislocations were formedat original grain boundaries, where great amount of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) were appeared. With temperatureincreased and strains rate decreased, the LAGBs would evolve to the high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) owing to theconsiderable dislocations migrated to the grain boundaries then accumulated, which triggered the occurrence of continuousdynamic recrystallization (CDRX). Two different dynamic recrystallization types were observed and factors that influenceddifferent dynamic recrystallization behaviors were clearly elaborated, and the corresponding mechanism was indicateddetailly.

American ginseng attenuates azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colon carcinogenesis in mice

Chunhao Yu,Xiao-Dong Wen,Zhiyu Zhang,Chun-Feng Zhang,Xiao-Hui Wu,Adiba Martin,Wei Du,Tong-Chuan He,Chong-Zhi Wang,Chun-Su Yuan 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.1

Background: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death, and inflammatory bowel diseaseis a risk factor for this malignancy. We previously reported colon cancer chemoprevention potentialusing American ginseng (AG) in a xenograft mice model. However, the nude mouse model is not a gutspecificcolon carcinogenesis animal model. Methods: In this study, an experimental colitis and colitis-associated colorectal carcinogenesis mousemodel, chemically induced by azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was established and theeffects of oral AG were evaluated. The contents of representative ginseng saponins in the extract weredetermined. Results: AG significantly reduced experimental colitis measured by the disease activity index scores. Thissuppression of the experimental colitis was not only evident during DSS treatment, but also very obviousafter the cessation of DSS, suggesting that the ginseng significantly promoted recovery from the colitis. Consistent with the anti-inflammation data, we showed that ginseng very significantly attenuatedazoxymethane/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis by reducing the colon tumor number and tumor load. The ginseng also effectively suppressed DSS-induced proinflammatory cytokines activation using anenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay array, in which 12 proinflammatory cytokine levels were assessed,and this effect was supported subsequently by real-time polymerase chain reaction data. Conclusion: AG, as a candidate of botanical-based colon cancer chemoprevention, should be furtherinvestigated for its potential clinical utility.

Endothelial Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) Expression Is Regulated by Transcription Factor Mef2c

Yong Jiang,He Liu,Wen-jing Liu,Hai-bin Tong,Chang-jun Chen,Fu-gui Lin,Yan-hang Zhuo,Xiao-zhen Qian,Zeng-bin Wang,Yu Wang,Peng Zhang,Hong-liang Jia 한국분자세포생물학회 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.4

Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is expressed in most microvascula-ture endothelial cells and forms water channels that play major roles in a variety of physiologic processes. This study aimed to delineate the transcriptional regulation of AQP1 by Mef2c in endothelial cells. Mef2c cooperated with Sp1 to activate human AQP1 transcription by binding to its proximal promoter in human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Over-expression of Mef2c, Sp1, or Mef2c/Sp1 increased HUVEC migration and tube-forming ability, which can be abolished AQP1 knockdown. These data indicate that AQP1 is a direct target of Mef2c in regulating angiogenesis and vasculogenesis of endothelial cells.