Control-Oriented Modeling of a Three-Dimensional Hypersonic Vehicle with Rigid/Flexible Coupling

Xi-bin Zhang,Yu-mei Ding,Zhen-xing Zhang 한국항공우주학회 2022 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.23 No.2

Modeling for a hypersonic vehicle is a great challenging task due to its tightly integrated airframe/propulsion system and flexible structure. A three-dimensional, six-degree-of-freedom, physics-based hypersonic vehicle model is being established that can capture the real physical characteristics for control studies. Flexible effects, aerodynamic loads and viscous effects are calculated using or combining variation method, shock/expansion theory and Eckert’s reference temperature method. Based on curve fit approximation of the forces and moments of the vehicle, a control-oriented six-degree-of-freedom model is then developed. The simulations illustrate that the surrogate model contain aerodynamic/structure/propulsion interactions of the vehicle, and can support designing of the model-based control.

Soy Protein Supplementation Reduces Clinical Indices in Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Xi-Mei Zhang,Yun-Bo Zhang,Mei-Hua Chi 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.3

Purpose: Clinical trials have studied the use of soy protein for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MS). The purpose of this study was to outline evidence on the effects of soy protein supplementation on clinical indices in T2D and MS subjects by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases up to March 2015 for RCTs. Pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the fixed-and-random-effects model. A total of eleven studies with eleven clinical variables met the inclusion criteria. Results: The meta-analysis showed that fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [weighted mean difference (WMD), -0.207; 95% CI, -0.374 to -0.040; p=0.015], fasting serum insulin (FSI) (WMD, -0.292; 95% CI, -0.496 to -0.088; p=0.005), homeostasis model of assessmentfor insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (WMD, -0.346; 95% CI, -0.570 to -0.123; p=0.002), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD, -0.230; 95% CI, -0.441 to -0.019; p=0.033), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD, -0.304; 95% CI, -0.461 to -0.148; p=0.000), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD, -0.386; 95% CI, -0.548 to -0.225; p=0.000), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD, -0.510; 95% CI, -0.722 to -0.299; p=0.000) are significant reduced with soy protein supplementation, compared with a placebo control group, in T2D and MS patients. Furthermore, soy protein supplementation for longer duration (≥6 mo) significantly reducedFPG, LDL-C, and CRP, while that for a shorter duration (<6 mo) significantly reduced FSI and HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Soy protein supplementation could be beneficial for FPG, FSI, HOMA-IR, DBP, LDL-C, TC, and CRP control in plasma.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay Targeting the femA Gene for Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus from Clinical and Food Samples

( Xi Hong Zhao ),( Yan Mei Li ),( Myoung Su Park ),( Jun Wang ),( You Hong Zhang ),( Xiao Wei He ),( Fereidoun ),( Forghani ),( Li Wang ),( Guang Chao Yu ),( Deog Hwan Oh ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.2

In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to rapidly detect Staphylococcus aureus strains was developed and evaluated by extensively applying a large number of S. aureus isolates from clinical and food samples. Six primers were specially designed for recognizing eight distinct sequences on the species-specific femA gene of S. aureus. The detection limits were 100 fg DNA/tube and 104 CFU/ml. The LAMP assay was applied to 432 S. aureus strains isolated from 118 clinical and 314 food samples. Total detection rates for the LAMP and polymerase chain reaction assays were 98.4% (306/311) and 89.4% (278/311), respectively.

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitive Activity-Guided Isolation of Two New Alkaloids from Seeds of Peganum Nigellastrum Bunge by an In Vitro TLC- Bioautographic Assay

Xi-yuan Zheng,Chang-hong Wang,Zi-jia Zhang,Gui-xin Chou,Tao Wu,Xue-mei Cheng,Zheng-tao Wang 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.9

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) currently form the basis of the newest drugs available for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. For the aim of screening effective AChEIs, the methanol extracts of the seeds of genus Peganum were found to show significant inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) using an in vitro TLC-bioautographic assay. In further studies to seed of P. nigellastrum Bunge, activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two new alkaloids nigellastrine Ⅰ (9) and nigellastrine Ⅱ (10), and along with eight known alkaloids, vasicinone (1), vasicine (2), harmine (3), deoxyvasicinone (4), deoxyvasicine (5), harmaline (6), harmol (7), harman (8), in which harmol and harman were first isolated from species P. nigellastrum Bunge. As active constituents, all compounds showed good inhibitory activities against AChE. The results of in vitro semi-quality TLC-bioautographic assay showed that harmine, harmaline and harmol displayed a similar AChE inhibitive activities comparing to galanthamine. These results indicated that these alkaloids in P. nigellastrum Bunge could be a potent class of AChEIs.

Prognostic Significance of CYFRA21-1, CEA and Hemoglobin in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cancer Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Zhang, Hai-Qin,Wang, Ren-Ben,Yan, Hong-Jiang,Zhao, Wei,Zhu, Kun-Li,Jiang, Shu-Mei,Hu, Xi-Gang,Yu, Jin-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of serum CYFRA21-1, CEA and hemoglobin levels regarding long-term survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods: Age, gender, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), tumor location, tumor length, T stage, N stage and serum hemoglobin, and CYFRA21-1 and CEA levels before concurrent CRT were retrospectively investigated and related to outcome in 113 patients receiving 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin combined with radiotherapy for ESCC. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze prognosis, the log-rank to compare groups, the Cox proportional hazards model for multivariate analysis, and ROC curve analysis for assessment of predictive performance of biologic markers. Results: The median survival time was 20.1 months and the 1-, 2-, 3-, 5- year overall survival rates were 66.4%, 43.4%, 31.9% and 15.0%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that factors associated with prognosis were KPS, tumor length, T-stage, N-stage, hemoglobin, CYFRA21-1 and CEA level. Multivariate analysis showed T-stage, N-stage, hemoglobin, CYFRA21-1 and CEA level were independent predictors of prognosis. By ROC curve, CYFRA21-1 and hemoglobin showed better predictive performance for OS than CEA (AUC= 0.791, 0.704, 0.545; P=0.000, 0.000, 0.409). Conclusions: Of all clinicopathological and molecular factors, T stage, N stage, hemoglobin, CYFRA21-1 and CEA level were independent predictors of prognosis for patients with ESCC treated with concurrent CRT. Among biomarkers, CYFRA21-1 and hemoglobin may have a better predictive potential than CEA for long-term outcomes.

Diversity and composition of microbiota during fermentation of traditional Nuodeng ham

Zhang Xiao-mei,Dang Xi-jun,Wang Yuan-bing,Sun Tao,Wang Yao,Yu Hong,Yang Wu-song 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.1

The microbial community is one of the most important factors in shaping the characteristics of fermented food. Nuodeng ham, traditionally produced and subjected to 1–4 years of fermentation, is a dry fermented food product with cultural and economic significance to locals in southwestern China. In this study, we aimed to characterize the microbiota and physicochemical profiles of Nuodeng ham across different stages of fermentation. Ham samples from each of the four years were analyzed by sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer sequence, in order to characterize the diversity and composition of their microflora. A total of 2,679,483 bacterial and 2,983,234 fungal sequences of high quality were obtained and assigned to 514 and 57 genera, respectively. Among these microbes, Staphylococcus and Candida were the most abundant genera observed in the ham samples, though samples from different years showed differences in their microbial abundance. Results of physicochemical properties (pH, water, amino acid, NaCl, nitrate and nitrite contents, and the composition of volatile compounds) revealed differences among the ham samples in the composition of volatile compounds, especially in the third year samples, in which no nitrite was detected. These results suggest that the structure and diversity of microbial communities significantly differed across different stages of fermentation. Moreover, the third year hams exhibits a unique and balanced microbial community, which might contribute to the special flavor in the green and safe food products. Thus, our study lends insights into the production of high quality Nuodeng ham.

Effects of winter and spring housing on growth performance and blood metabolites of Pengbo semi-wool sheep in Tibet

Yan Mei Jin,Xiao Qing Zhang,Warwick B Badgery,Peng Lin,Jun Xi Wu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.10

Objective: Sixty Pengbo semi-wool sheep ewes (approximately 1.5-years-old; 31.33±0.43 kg) were randomly assigned to two groups, either grazing (G) or dry lot feeding (D), to examine the effects of traditional daily grazing and dry lot feeding on performance and blood metabolites during the cold season in Tibetan Plateau. Methods: The ewes in the G group were grazed continuously each day and housed in one shed each evening, while the ewes in the D group were housed in another shed all day. All animals were fed 400 g/d of commercial concentrate, and grass hay was available freely throughout the experimental period. Results: Compared with the G group, the ewes in the D group had higher (p<0.05) live weight and weight gain. The D group ewes had greater (p<0.05) numbers of white blood cells and platelets, while they had lower (p<0.05) platelet-large cell ratios, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glutathione peroxidase, as compared with the G group ewes. Additionally, three serum metabolites, abscisic acid, xanthoxin and 3,4-dihydroxy-5-polypren, were upregulated (p<0.05) in the G group in comparison with the D group. Conclusion: In conclusion, a dry lot feeding regime during the winter and spring period will increase the productivity of sheep and improve blood physiological and biochemical profiles.

Edge Electronic States and Direct Bandgap in Si Nanostructures on Silicon Oxide

Zhong-Mei Huang,Xi Zhang,Yin-lian Li,Wei-Qi Huang,Hao-Ze Wang,Yu Yang,Anchen Wang,Shi-Rong Liu 한국전기전자재료학회 2024 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.25 No.3

The nanostructures on silicon oxide, as a new phase of matter, only allows conducting electrons to exist on its surfaces, in which the edge electronic states dramatically provide intriguing insights into the world of low-dimensional quantum systems featuring and proposing the mechanisms of optical mode formation. We report that the formations of a nanolayer and a nanodisk structure on silicon oxide have been produced by using a novel preparation methodology, mainly involving the pulsed laser deposition in oxygen environment and the coherent electron beam irradiation process. Here, the structures of the Si nanolayer and the nanodisk on silicon oxide have been observed in the TEM images. The electronic edge states in the Si nanostructures on silicon oxide for emission were demonstrated in photoluminescence measurement. The simulation model of the Si nanostructures on silicon oxide has been built according the experimental results. And the results of the simulating calculation demonstrated that the Dirac relation is competition with the quantum confi nement eff ect in the geometry change of the Si nanostructures on silicon oxide, in which the transforming edge states into direct bandgap can be realized for better emission.

Morphological, Phylogenetic and Biological Characteristics of Ectropisobliqua Single-Nucleocapsid Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Chuan-Xi Zhang,Hai-Jun Xu,Mei-Jun Tang,Qiang Xiao,Jian Hong,Xiu-cui Ma 한국미생물학회 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.1

The tea looper caterpillar, Ectropis obliqua, is one of the major pests of tea bushes. E. obliqua single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (EcobSNPV) has been used as a commercial pesticide for biocontrol of this insect. However only limited genetic analysis for this important virus has been done up to now. EcobSNPV was characterized in this study. Electron microscopy analysis of the occlusion body showed polyhedra of 0.7 to 1.7 μm in diameter containing a single nucleocapsid per envelope of the virion. A 15.5 kb genomic fragment containing EcoRI-L, EcoRI-N and HindIII-F fragments, was sequenced. Analysis of the sequence revealed that the fragment contained eleven potential open reading frames (ORFs): lef-1, egt, 38.7k, rr1, polyhedrin, orf1629, pk-1, hoar and homologues to Spodoptera exigua multicapsid NPV (SeMNPV) ORFs 15, 28, and 29. Gene arrangement and phylogeny analysis suggest that EcobSNPV is closely related to the previously described Group II NPV. Bioassays on lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90) and lethal time (LT50 and LT90) were conducted to test the susceptibility of E. obliqua larvae to the virus.

유청단백 함유 체중조절용 식사대체제를 이용한 4주 다이어트 프로그램이 과체중 및 비만 여성의 체중, 체지방 및 체성분에 미치는 영향

석매주(Mei-Zhu Xi),장이림(Yi-Lin Zhang),최영빈(Young-Bin Choi),정기희(Gi-Hee Jeong),김건우(Gun-Woo Kim),박용우(Yong-Woo Park),이복희(Bog-Hieu Lee) 동아시아식생활학회 2016 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The study was performed to investigate the effects of whey protein-rich meal substitute added with vitamins, minerals, and lactobacillus powder probiotics on weight loss, body fat, and body composition in 24 female volunteers for 4 weeks. Whey protein-rich meal substitute was consumed with low-fat, high calcium milk (1% fat, 260 mg/200 mL) twice a day. Subjects submitted 3-day diet records and a life-style questionnaire before the study. During the study, subjects were required to turn in a diet record every day and consume the meal substitute formula in the metabolic ward at C university for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measurements were carried out weekly by Inbody 7.0. The dietary intake and anthropometric data were analyzed to compare changes before and after the study by paired t-test with SPSS version 23.0. The subjects were mostly early 20’s and either overweight or obese and highly motivated to lose weight. Most of the subjects consumed three meals per day regularly and spent mostly 10∼15 minutes for a meal. Their caloric intake was relatively low and decreased from 1,360 kcal at week 0 to 1,100 kcal after 4 weeks. However, total protein intake increased while carbohydrate and fat intakes decreased (p<0.05) after the trial. Nine vitamin intakes after the study improved compared to those before the study (p<0.05). After the study, subjects showed lower body weight (—1.8 kg), body fat (—0.94 kg), percent body fat (—0.86%), as well as waist circumference (—4.52 cm), hip circumference (—0.44 cm), waist hip ratio (—0.05), and triceps skinfold thickness (—2.39 mm) compared to those at week 0 (p<0.05). Muscle mass tended to be less compared to week 0, although there was no significant differences between weeks 0 and 4. In conclusion, diet trial with whey protein-rich meal substitute induced weight loss and positively changed body fat parameters and body composition.