세계교육에 대한 국가간 비교연구 : 한국, 싱가포르, 태국, 말레이시아, 일본, 미국 Korea, Japan, United States, Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand

김왕식,김경자,조연순 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육과학연구소 1997 교육과학연구 Vol.26 No.-

VRSA에 대한 항생물질을 생산하는 방선균의 분리

이지연,양시용,고은지,이승구,김시관,조왕식,송민동 建國大學校 自然科學硏究所 2002 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구가 VRSA에 대한 신규 항생물질 생산 균주를 얻기 위하여 실시하였다. 국내외에 채취한 토양시료에서 분리한 방선균 중, 임상분리 VRSA와 돌연변이 유발 VRSA에 대해 항균성을 나타내는 JY-24를 선별하였다. 선발 균주는 원통형의 포자 모양을 갖고 있으며, Bennett's 배지에 배양시 aerial mycelium color는 흰색을 나타냈으며, reverse side color는 대체로 노란색을 나타내었다. 항균물질 생산을 위한 탄소원으로는 fructose, mannose, 질소원으로는 yeast extract가 가장 우수하였으며 glucose의 첨가로 항균 물질 생산성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 최적 초기 pH는 pH 7로 나타났으며, 28 ℃, 37℃, 45 ℃의 온도에서 균이 성장하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 배양기간에 따라 항균물질 생산성을 조사한 결과, 임상분리 균주에 대해 5일 배양 시 가장 높았으나, 3일 배양과 7일 배양 시 동일한 생산성을 나타내 생산속도가 빠르며, 안정한 물질인 것이 파악되었다. 향후 균주동정 및 항균물질 정제에 관한 연구를 수행하고자 한다. An antibiotic substance producing strain JY-24, effective to the VRSA (Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), was isolated from soil. The spore chain of JY-24 was cylindrical, and its sulface was smooth. The aerial mass color of the strain was white, and its reverse side color was yellow. The strain did not produce soluble pigment. For the production antibiotics, fructose, mannose and yeast extract were favorable as carbon and nitrogen sources. Optimal initial pH for the production of the antibiotic was pH 7. Accumulation of the antibiotic in the culture broth reached at maximal level after 5 days cultivation in Bennett's medium.

연구보문 : 식물환경 ; 폐가축사체의 농업적 재활용을 위한 가축사체 액상부산물의 액비화 조건 구명

서영진 ( Young Jin Seo ),서동철 ( Dong Cheol Seo ),강세원 ( Se Won Kang ),이상규 ( Sang Gyu Lee ),박주왕 ( Ju Wang Park ),최익원 ( Ik Won Choi ),성환후 ( Hwan Hoo Sung ),강석진 ( Seog Jin Kang ),조주식 ( Ju Sik Cho1 ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.4

가축사체 액상부산물을 이용하여 액비의 최적조건(미생물, pH, 미생물 주입량)을 조사하였고, 이들 최적 조건하에서 112일간 부숙하여 액비의 품질을 평가하였다. 가축사체 액상 부산물 액비 부숙시 최적 LP 미생물의 주입량은 0.5 mL/100mL이었으며, pH는 7 조건에서 각각 50점으로 완숙판정을 받았다. 최적조건하에서 112일 동안 부숙시킨 액비의 부숙도 는 부숙 후 28일에 50점을 받아 완숙판정을 받았으며, 부숙기 간이 길어짐에 따라 부숙 56일에는 온도가 60℃를 넘어 최고 점인 55점을 받았고, 이후 온도가 조금씩 낮아져 부숙 후 112 일에는 실온조건에 이르렀다. 완숙된 가축사체 액상부산물 액 비의 품질을 평가해본 결과, 최적조건하에서 부숙시킨 액비의 경우에는 T-N, P2O5 및 K2O의 함량이 28일에 가장 높았으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향이었다. 또한, 유해성분(As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb 및 Zn)의 함량은 28일, 56일 및 112일 부숙시킨 액비에서 모두 비료공정규격 기 준치에 적합하였다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 볼 때 가축사체 액상부산물을 농업적 재활용을 위한 액비화 조건은 pH 7조건 에서 LP 미생물을 0.5 mL/100 mL 주입한 경우이다. 하지 만 본 연구에서 비교된 가축분뇨 발효액은 공시재료(가축사체)가 상이하여 향후 가축사체를 이용한 액비의 부숙도 기준이 개선되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. BACKGROUND: Globally, concern about emerging infectious diseases of livestock is growing. For the disposal of the animal carcass, it is necessary to recycle the carcass into an agriculturally usable product. The objective of this study was to investigate the composting conditions of liquid by-product obtained from degradation of animal carcass. METHODS AND RESULTS: Optimum conditions of liquid fertilizer were investigated using different microorganisms, pHs, and volumes of microorganisms (Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola). Based on the results from the optimum conditions, compost maturity and quality of liquid fertilizer were evaluated for 112 days. The compost maturity of liquid fertilizer were higher in the order of LP(Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola) > BC(Bacillus cereus) > BS (Bacillus subtilis). The optimum condition under different volumes of LP was injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL. The compost maturity under different pHs were higher in the order of pH 7 > 5 ≥ 9 ÷ 11. The liquid by-product at 56 days after composting was completely decomposed. The concentrations of T-N, T-P and K2O in liquid fertilizer at 56 days were 0.94, 0.17 and 3.78%, respectively, and the sum of those concentrations was 4.89%. CONCLUSION(S): Liquid fertilizer of by-product using pig carcass was decomposed with optimum conditions(LP, pH 7, injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL) in 56 days after composting, and was suitable for official standard of commercial fertilizer.

Interleukin 17-expressing Innate Synovial Cells Drive K/BxN Serum-induced Arthritis

Wang Sik Cho 한국콘텐츠학회 2018 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.5

Poster Session 1 : Metabolism and Enzymology Protein Structure and Function ; Visualization of complex formation among bZIP transcription factors in Living cells

( Wang Sik Cho ),( Soon Young Jung ),( Kyung Ho Lee ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2004 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Visualization of Protein-Protein Interactions between bZIP Transcription Factors in the Unfolded Protein Response Using BiFC Analysis

Wang Sik Cho,Sang Gyu Lee,Mi Ni Jeong,Jae Wook Cho,Kyung Ho Lee 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.5

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a transcriptional and translational intracellular signaling pathway activated by the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Upon the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER, sensor proteins located in the ER membrane are activated and initiate an adaptive response via the induction or activation of the transcription factors XBP1, ATF6, and ATF4. In this study, we used a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay to visualize the interactions among the bZIP transcription factors that function in the UPR. Dimers were formed by spliced forms of XBP1 in the nucleus; however, no dimerization was observed when ZIP domain-deleted XBP1 was used. Using UPRE as a reporter gene, high levels of transcriptional activity were observed with wild-type XBP1; however, activity was totally abolished by the deletion of the first half of the ZIP domain (residues 98-112). Residues 1-36, 167-371, and 256-371 from the XBP1 N- and C-termini were not required for either dimerization or nuclear localization. Interestingly, the deletion of residues 167-371 enhanced the fluorescence intensity. XBP1 also formed heterodimers with ATF6 and ATF4, and the ZIP domain was essential for complex formation. These results suggest that dimer formation through the ZIP domain is essential for proper functioning of the bZIP transcription factors that act in the UPR and that UPR signals originating from different sensor proteins cooperate to activate different sets of target genes via bZIP transcription factors.

Poster Session:PS 1083 ; Gastroenterology (Gastrointestinal Tract) : The Case of Intestinal Tuberculosis Mimicking Crohn`s or Intestinal Behcet`s Disease

( Wang Yong Choi ),( Kyung Sik Park ),( Eun Soo Kim ),( Kwang Bum Cho ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

According to the World Health Organization in 2013, South Korea is classifi ed as the country having intermediate burden of tuberculosis (TB) infection. It is a great challenge for the clinicians to differentiate correctly intestinal TB from Crohn`s disease or intestinal Behcet`s disease since clinical manifestations and endoscopic appearances are very similar among these diseases. We recently experienced an interesting case, fi nally confi rmed as intestinal TB, whose endoscopic features were very typical for those of intestinal Behcet`s disease or Crohn`s disease. A 43 year-old male visited our hospital for recurrent abdominal pain for 3 months. He complained of diarrhea 5 times a day and 4 kg body weight loss. His colonoscopic findings showed a single huge round-shaped deep ulcer with discrete margin located at IC valve. Abdominal CT scan revealed that the lesions were extended up to the proximal ileum, which suggested Crohn`s disease more likely. He denied systemic characteristics of Behcet`s disease such as oral/genital ulcers, uveitis, and erythema nodosum. There was no evidence of TB in forceps biopsy specimen with TB PCR and culture. We prescribed oral steroid for induction, then 5-ASA and azathiopurine were administered as a maintenance therapy. Although there was a clinical response to oral steroid initially, patient`s symptoms went wax and wane. He sustained of dyspnea during follow up period and his chest X-ray and CT scan showed right side pleural effusion. fiuid analysis revealed TB pleurisy. After 6 months of anti-TB medication, his abdominal symptoms were found to improve signifi cantly. Colonoscopy conducted in 3 months after complete anti-TB treatment also showed a clear resolution of intestinal ulcer lesions. Here, we report an intestinal TB case mimicking intestinal Behcet`s disease or Crohn`s disease.

Nd:YVO₄ Laser Patterning of Various Transparent Conductive Oxide Thin Films on Glass Substrate at a Wavelength of 1,064 nm

Wang, Jian-Xun,Kwon, Sang Jik,Cho, Eou Sik The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2013 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.14 No.2

At an infra-red (IR) wavelength of 1,064 nm, a diode-pumped Q-switched $Nd:YVO_4$ laser was used for the direct patterning of various transparent conductive oxide (TCO) thin films on glass substrate. With various laser beam conditions, the laser ablation results showed that the indium tin oxide (ITO) film was removed completely. In contrast, zinc oxide (ZnO) film was not etched for any laser beam conditions and indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) was only ablated with a low scanning speed. The difference in laser ablation is thought to be due to the crystal structures and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ITO, IGZO, and ZnO. The width of the laser-patterned grooves was dependent on the film materials, the repetition rate, and the scanning speed of the laser beam.

Laser direct patterning of indium tin oxide for defining a channel of thin film transistor.

Wang, Jian-Xun,Kwon, Sang Jik,Han, Jae-Hee,Cho, Eou Sik American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.11

<P>In this work, using a Q-switched diode-pumped neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO4, lambda = 1064 nm) laser, a direct patterning of indium tin oxide (ITO) channel was realized on glass substrates and the results were compared and analyzed in terms of the effect of repetition rate, scanning speed on etching characteristics. The results showed that the laser conditions of 40 kHz repetition rate with a scanning speed of 500 mm/s were appropriate for the channeling of ITO electrodes. The length of laser-patterned channel was maintained at about 55 microm. However, residual spikes (about 50 nm in height) of ITO were found to be formed at the edges of the laser ablated area and a few ITO residues remained on the glass substrate after laser scanning. By dipping the laser-ablated ITO film in ITO diluted etchant (ITO etchant/DI water: 1/10) at 50 degrees C for 3 min, the spikes and residual ITO were effectively removed. At last, using the laser direct patterning, a bottom-source-drain indium gallium zinc oxide thin film transistor (IGZO-TFT) was fabricated. It is successfully demonstrated that the laser direct patterning can be utilized instead of photolithography to simplify the fabrication process of TFT channel, resulting in the increase of productivity and reduction of cost.</P>

Nd:YVO4 laser direct ablation of indium tin oxide films deposited on glass and polyethylene terephthalate substrates.

Wang, Jian-Xun,Kwon, Sang Jik,Han, Jae-Hee,Cho, Eou Sik American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.9

<P>A Q-switched diode-pumped neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO4, lambda = 1064 nm) laser was applied to obtain the indium tin oxide (ITO) patterns on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by a direct etching method. After the ITO films were deposited on a soda-lime glass and PET substrate, laser ablations were carried out on the ITO films for various conditions and the laser ablated results on the ITO films were investigated and analyzed considering the effects of substrates on the laser etching. The laser ablated widths on ITO deposited on glass were found to be much narrower than those on ITO deposited on PET substrate, especially, at a higher scanning speed of laser beam such as 1000 mm/s and 2000 mm/s. As the thermal conductivity of glass substrate is about 7.5 times higher than that of PET, more thermal energy would be spread and transferred to lateral direction in the ITO film in case of PET substrate.</P>