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세계의 구제역 전파,확산역학 모델 개발 현황과 Davis Animal Disease Simulation 모델 국내 적용 연구
윤하정 ( Ha Chung Yoon ),김한 ( Han Kim ),윤순식 ( Soon Seek Yoon ),김연주 ( Youn Ju Kim ),김병한 ( Byoung Han Kim ),( Jack Coleman ),( Tim Carpenter ) 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회) 2011 예방수의학회지 Vol.35 No.4
Epidemic models on disease spread attempt to simulate disease transmission and associated control processes. This study reviewed published papers on epidemiological models for the management of foot-and-mouth disease in the world. In addition, an individual animal-based, spatially-explicit, stochastic disease transmission model, the Davis Animal Disease Simulation (DADS) model, was described in the frame of an international collaborative research project participating three countries: Republic of Korea, USA, and New Zealand. In this project, the Korean team is aiming at developing the most appropriate parameters for livestock and epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks. On the other hand, the purpose of foreign counterparts is validating their models: DADS (USA) and InterSpread Plus (New Zealand). Classification of farm types and preliminary estimations on the frequency of intra-herd contacts were also presented. This research project is expected to provide precious information to plan a strategy that will facilitate the eradication of foot-and-mouth disease from Korea.
Original Articles : Description of national avian influenza surveillance program in Korea
( Hachung Yoon ),( Oun Kyong Moon ),( Ji Da Choi ),( Woo Seog Jeong ),( Jun Hee Han ),( Young Mi Cho ),( Young Myung Kang ),( Hyo Young Ahn ),( Do Soon Kim ),( Tim Carpenter ) 한국예방수의학회 2014 예방수의학회지 Vol.38 No.2
This study describes the national program of year-round surveillance and monitoring for avian influenza (AI). The validity of the epidemiologically-based surveillance scheme was assessed. Korea’s current surveillance program is aimed at detecting subclinical infection of either the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus or the low pathogenic avian influenza virus, types H5 and H7, both of which carry risk of converting to HPAI. The current AI surveillance program has demonstrated that implementing a surveillance strategy is plausible. Farmer and livestock related professional support is the critical step of specimen collection to discover hidden infection. Early detection of AI virus infection can achieve best by the combined efforts of farmers, animal health authorities, and other related industries.
( Thomas Yau ),( Tim Meyer ),( Ignacio Melero ),( Chiun Hsu ),( Masa-toshi Kudo ),( Su-pin Choo ),( Jorg Trojan ),( Theodore H. Welling ),( Yoon-koo Kang ),( Winnie Yeo ),( Akhil Chopra ),( Adyb Baaki 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Nivolumab (NIVO) is a fully human anti-PD-1 IgG4 mAb that demonstrated durable responses, manageable safety, and long-term survival in pts with advanced HCC (aHCC) in CheckMate-040 (El-Khoueiry AB et al. Lancet 2017). Here we present updated hepatic safety and biomarker analyses in sorafenib-experienced (sor-exp) pts in CheckMate-040. Methods: Sor-exp pts with or without chronic viral hepatitis received NIVO 3 mg/kg Q2W. Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) reported by blinded independent central review using RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. Exploratory analyses of on-treatment HCV and HBV viral kinetics and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were performed. Results: Median duration of follow-up was 14.9 mo. Baseline Child-Pugh scores of 5 or 6 and extrahepatic metastases were observed in 99% and 71% of pts, respectively. The ORR with NIVO was 14%; the DCR was 56%; median OS was 15.6 mo. Any-grade and grade 3-4 hepatic treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) occurred in 12 (8%) and 5 (3%) pts, respectively; 100% of grade 3-4 hepatic TRAEs resolved. Frequencies of grade 3-4 treatment-related ALT/AST elevations were 2%-3%. No drug-related deaths due to hepatic AEs occurred, and no new safety signals were observed. AFP levels at baseline were not associated with response; however, AFP levels in responders appeared to decrease on treatment. Updated data will be presented. Conclusions: NIVO demonstrated long-term survival and objective responses across etiologies and manageable overall and hepatic safety profile in aHCC. Responses occurred irrespective of baseline AFP levels, and AFP declines were associated with response.
Measures of health-related occurrence and association using an application for smartphones
( Ha Chung Yoon ),( Oun Kyong Moon ),( Woo Seog Jeong ),( Mark Stevenson ),( Tim Carpenter ),( Do Soon Kim ) 한국예방수의학회 2013 예방수의학회지 Vol.37 No.3
This study presents a smartphone application, named「Vepi Tools」. This stand-alone type application is aiming at supporting on-site decision-making for animal health professionals. It provides basic calculations of epidemiology including estimating disease frequency, measuring associations using two-by-two table, calculating sample sizes to detect disease and to estimate a mean or prevalence. Rationale and examples are available for each function. This study shows some use cases with this「Vepi Tools」application.
( Han Kim ),( Ha Chung Yoon ),( Oun Kyong Moon ),( Jun Hee Han ),( Kyu Young Lee ),( Woo Seog Jeong ),( Ji Da Choi ),( Young Mi Cho ),( Yong Myeong Kang ),( Hyo Young Ahn ),( Do Soon Kim ),( Tim Ecarp 한국예방수의학회 2013 예방수의학회지 Vol.37 No.4
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has great potential for causing huge economic loss and was the first disease identified by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) in its official list of free countries and zones. This study examined the governmental expenditures for five FMD epidemics that occurred in the Republic of Korea between 2000 and 2011. The costs of an epidemic ranged from 26 billion Korean won (KRW, approximately 23.6 million US dollars, $) to a maximum of 2,044 billion KRW (US$ 1.9 billion). For two epidemics in which vaccinations were implemented, the costs were higher than those epidemics without vaccination. The mean cost for an outbreak ranged from 0.5 billion KRW (US$ 4.5 million) for the 2010/2011 epidemic to 18.2 billion KRW (US$ 16.5 million) for the 2000 epidemic. Mean costs per infected premises were 7.0 billion KRW for cattle farms (95% CI: 4.72∼9.28), 1.38 billion KRW for pig farms (0.88∼1.87), 0.11 billion KRW for deer farms (0.08∼0.14), and 0.10 billion KRW for goat farms (0.07∼0.13). The highest cost for an outbreak in cattle seemed associated with the number of outbreak cattle farms in two epidemics in which vaccination was implemented.
Anthony D’Oro,Zorica Buser,Darrel Scott Brodke,박종범,Sangwook Tim Yoon,Jim Aimen Youssef,Hans-Joerg Meisel,Kristen Emmanuel Radcliff,Patrick Hsieh,Jeffrey Chun Wang 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.6
Study Design: Retrospective review. Purpose: To identify the trends in stimulator use, pair those trends with various grafting materials, and determine the influence of stimulators on the risk of revision surgery. Overview of Literature: A large number of studies has reported beneficial effects of electromagnetic energy in healing long bone fractures. However, there are few clinical studies regarding the use of electrical stimulators in spinal fusion. Methods: We used insurance billing codes to identify patients with lumbar disc degeneration who underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF). Comparisons between patients who did and did not receive electrical stimulators following surgery were performed using logistic regression analysis, chi-square test, and odds ratio (OR) analysis. Results: Approximately 19% of the patients (495/2,613) received external stimulators following ALIF surgery. There was a slight increase in stimulator use from 2008 to 2014 (multi-level R 2=0.08, single-level R 2=0.05). Patients who underwent multi-level procedures were more likely to receive stimulators than patients who underwent single-level procedures (p <0.05; OR, 3.72; 95% confidence interval, 3.02–4.57). Grafting options associated with most frequent stimulator use were bone marrow aspirates (BMA) plus autograft or allograft for single-level and allograft alone for multi-level procedures. In both cohorts, patients treated with bone morphogenetic proteins were least likely to receive electrical stimulators (p <0.05). Patients who received stimulation generally had higher reimbursements. Concurrent posterior lumbar fusion (PLF) (ALIF+PLF) increased the likelihood of receiving stimulators (p <0.05). Patients who received electrical stimulators had similar revision rates as those who did not receive stimulation (p >0.05), except those in the multilevel ALIF+PLF cohort, wherein the patients who underwent stimulation had higher rates of revision surgery. Conclusions: Concurrent PLF or multi-level procedures increased patients’ likelihood of receiving stimulators, however, the presence of comorbidities did not. Patients who received BMA plus autograft or allograft were more likely to receive stimulation. Patients with and without bone stimulators had similar rates of revision surgery.
Brett Arthur Freedman,C Edward Hoffler II,Brian M Cameron,John M Rhee,Maneesh Bawa,David G Malone,Melissa Bent,Tim S Yoon 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.1
Study Design: Retrospective comparative study. Purpose: To assess differences in computed tomography (CT) imaging parameters between patients with cervical myelopathy and controls. Overview of Literature: There is a lack of information regarding the best predictor of symptomatic stenosis based on osseous canal dimensions. We postulate that smaller osseous canal dimensions increase the risk of symptomatic central stenosis. Methods: CT images and medical records of patients with cervical myelopathy (19 patients, 8 males; average age, 64.4±13.4 years) and controls (18 patients, 14 males; average age, 60.4±11.0 years) were collected. A new measure called the laminar roof pitch angle (=angle between the lamina) was conducted along with linear measures, ratios and surrogates of canal perimeter and area at each level C2–C7 (222 levels). Receiver-operator curves were used to assess the diagnostic value of each. Rater reliability was assessed for the measures. Results: The medial-lateral (ML) diameter (at mid-pedicle level) and calculated canal area (=anterior-posterior.×ML diameters) were the most accurate and highly reliable. ML diameter below 23.5 mm and calculated canal area below 300 mm2 generated 82% to 84% sensitivity and 67% to 68% sensitivity. No significant correlations were identified between age, height, weight, body mass in dex and gender for each of the CT measures. Conclusions: CT measures including ML dimensions were most predictive. This study is the first to identify an important role for the ML dimension in cases of slowly progressive compressive myelopathy. A ML reserve may be protective when the canal is progressively compromised in the anterior-posterior dimension.
Luca Ambrosio,Gianluca Vadalà,Javad Tavakoli,Laura Scaramuzzo,Giovanni Barbanti Brodano,Stephen J. Lewis,So Kato,Samuel K. Cho,S. Tim Yoon,김호중,Matthew F. Gary,Vincenzo Denaro 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.1
Objective: To evaluate the global practice pattern of wound dressing use after lumbar fusion for degenerative conditions. Methods: A survey issued by AO Spine Knowledge Forums Deformity and Degenerative was sent out to AO Spine members. The type of postoperative dressing employed, timing of initial dressing removal, and type of subsequent dressing applied were investigated. Differences in the type of surgery and regional distribution of surgeons’ preferences were analyzed. Results: Right following surgery, 60.6% utilized a dry dressing, 23.2% a plastic occlusive dressing, 5.7% glue, 6% a combination of glue and polyester mesh, 2.6% a wound vacuum, and 1.2% other dressings. The initial dressing was removed on postoperative day 1 (11.6%), 2 (39.2%), 3 (20.3%), 4 (1.7%), 5 (4.3%), 6 (0.4%), 7 or later (12.5%), or depending on drain removal (9.9%). Following initial dressing removal, 75.9% applied a dry dressing, 17.7% a plastic occlusive dressing, and 1.3% glue, while 12.1% used no dressing. The use of no additional coverage after initial dressing removal was significantly associated with a later dressing change (p < 0.001). Significant differences emerged after comparing dressing management among different AO Spine regions (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Most spine surgeons utilized a dry or plastic occlusive dressing initially applied after surgery. The first dressing was more frequently changed during the first 3 postoperative days and replaced with the same type of dressing. While dressing policies tended not to vary according to the type of surgery, regional differences suggest that actual practice may be based on personal experience rather than available evidence.