The Effects of Fu Zi on Changes in the Body Heat of Dogs

Tian-Tian Chen,Chunhua Qi,Huijun Guo,Ziqiang Cheng,Dong Zhou,Haitao Liu,Jianzhu Liu 사단법인약침학회 2009 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.2 No.1

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Fu Zi on changes in the body heat of dogs. Twelve clinically healthy dogs were divided into two groups: the control group (six dogs) and the experimental group (six dogs). The control group was made to ingest normal saline mixed with canned meat, while the experimental group was made to ingest the Fu Zi solution mixed with canned meat. The infrared thermographic system was used to determine the level of body heat generated by these dogs. These areas include the dorsocranial (DCr), dorsocaudal (DCd), ventrocranial (VCr), and ventrocaudal (VCd) regions at pretreatment and were determined at 10, 20, 30, 50, 90, 120, 240, and 360 minutes after treatment for each of these areas. The results showed a tendency toward increased body heat until 30 minutes after ingestion of the Fu Zi powder mixed with canned meat. The significant differences in the changes of body heat were detected at 360 minutes in the DCd regions, 20 minutes in the VCr regions, and 30 minutes in the VCd regions between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). Based from our results, we find that Fu Zi can increase and maintain the dogs’ body heat for at least 6 hours. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Fu Zi on changes in the body heat of dogs. Twelve clinically healthy dogs were divided into two groups: the control group (six dogs) and the experimental group (six dogs). The control group was made to ingest normal saline mixed with canned meat, while the experimental group was made to ingest the Fu Zi solution mixed with canned meat. The infrared thermographic system was used to determine the level of body heat generated by these dogs. These areas include the dorsocranial (DCr), dorsocaudal (DCd), ventrocranial (VCr), and ventrocaudal (VCd) regions at pretreatment and were determined at 10, 20, 30, 50, 90, 120, 240, and 360 minutes after treatment for each of these areas. The results showed a tendency toward increased body heat until 30 minutes after ingestion of the Fu Zi powder mixed with canned meat. The significant differences in the changes of body heat were detected at 360 minutes in the DCd regions, 20 minutes in the VCr regions, and 30 minutes in the VCd regions between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). Based from our results, we find that Fu Zi can increase and maintain the dogs’ body heat for at least 6 hours.

Update of Research on Drug Resistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer Chemotherapy

Chen, Yi-Tian,Feng, Bing,Chen, Long-Bang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a short cell doubling time, rapid progression and early occurrence of blood-borne and lymph metastasis. The malignancy is the highest of all lung cancer types. Although SCLC has a relatively good initial response to chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy, relapse or disease progression may occur quickly after the initial treatment. Drug resistance, especially multi-drug resistance, is the most important cause of failure of SCLC chemotherapy. This article provides a brief update of research on mechanisms of drug resistance in SCLC and reversal strategies.

Family History and Stroke Risk in China: Evidence from a Large Cohort Study

Tian Tian,Guangfu Jin,Canqing Yu,Jun Lv,Yu Guo,Zheng Bian,Ling Yang,Yiping Chen,Hongbing Shen,Zhengming Chen,Zhibin Hu,Liming Li 대한뇌졸중학회 2017 Journal of stroke Vol.19 No.2

Background and Purpose Large cohort studies on relationship between family history of stroke(FHS) and stroke risk are lacking in Asians. We aimed to systematically evaluate the association ofFHS with stroke risk in a cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. Methods Information about FHS was self-reported. The median follow-up time was 7.16 years andthe end-point of follow-up was incident stroke, which was entered directly into the China KadoorieBiobank system. Multivariate analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazards model, andinteraction analyses were carried using likelihood-ratio tests. Results Compared with participants without FHS, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval,CI) of stroke for participants with FHS was 1.50 (1.46-1.55). The HRs increased with the number offirst degree relatives with stroke (HRs=1.41, 1.98 and 2.47 for 1, 2 and ≥3 relatives, respectively,Ptrend <0.001). The HRs were 1.57 (95% CI: 1.50-1.66) and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.45-1.54) for siblinghistory and parental history, respectively. Similar associations with offspring stroke risk wereobserved between paternal history (HR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.43-1.54) and maternal history (HR=1.49,95% CI: 1.43-1.55). Moreover, significant interactions were detected between FHS and health-riskbehaviors (tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking). Conclusions FHS is an independent risk factor for stroke in Chinese. The more first degree relativesare affected by stroke, the higher are individuals’ risk of suffering from stroke. The management ofthe health-risk behaviors for reducing stroke should be highlighted, especially for the individualswith FHS.

Exploratory Research on Game Cross-cultural Communication Theory Based on Control and Feedback

Chen-Tian Chen(진천신),Tack Woo(우탁) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2019 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.20 No.6

This study discusses the cross-cultural communication function of digital games through the comparative analysis of cybernetic feedback mechanism and game feedback mechanism. In the communication process, there is a strong connection between information output, feedback and control. Effective use of relevant connections to improve the efficiency of information communication in the game process is the basic functional principle and logic of the game system to enhance cross-cultural communication. Compared with traditional communication media, game media has unique interactivity. This study will also explore the influence of game interaction mechanism on the extension of traditional control feedback theory. And as a further theoretical basis for the study of the cross-cultural communication function of games.

Listeria monocytogenes Serovar 4a is a Possible Evolutionary Intermediate Between L. monocytogenes Serovars 1/2a and 4b and L. innocua

Jian Shun Chen,Ling Li Jiang,Xue Yan Chen,Xiao Kai Luo,Yang Chen,Ying Yu,Guo Ming Tian,Dong You Liu,Wei Huan Fang 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2009 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.19 No.3

Meta-Analysis of the Association between the rs8034191 Polymorphism in AGPHD1 and Lung Cancer Risk

Zhang, Le,Jin, Tian-Bo,Gao, Ya,Wang, Hui-Juan,Yang, Hua,Feng, Tian,Chen, Chen,Kang, Long-Li,Chen, Chao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.7

Background: Possible associations between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs8034191 in the aminoglycosidephosphotransferase domain containing 1 (AGPHD1) gene and lung cancer risk have been studied by many researchers but the results have been contradictory. Materials and Methods: A computerized search for publications on rs8034191 and lung cancer risk was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between rs8034191 and lung cancer risk with 13 selected case-control studies. Sensitivity analysis, test of heterogeneity, cumulative meta-analysis, and assessment of bias were also performed. Results: A significant association between rs8034191 and lung cancer susceptibility was found using the dominant genetic model (OR=1.344, 95% CI: 1.285-1.406), the additive genetic model (OR=1.613, 95% CI: 1.503-1.730), and the recessive genetic model (OR=1.408, 95% CI: 1.319-1.503). Moreover, an increased lung cancer risk was found with all genetic models after stratification of ethnicity. Conclusions: The association between rs8034191 and lung cancer risk was significant using multiple genetic models, suggesting that rs8034191 is a risk factor for lung cancer. Further functional studies of this polymorphism and lung cancer risk are warranted.

Aspartate Transaminase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Albumin-Bilirubin Grade (ALBI) Predict Postoperative Morbidity Following Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma A Multicenter Cohort Study

( Tian Yang ),( Li-yang Sun ),( Lei Liang ),( Ya-hao Zhou ),( Wei-min Gu ),( Hong Wang ),( Ting-hao Chen ),( Yong-yi Zeng ),( Wan Yee Lau ),( Meng-chao Wu ),( Feng Shen ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Postoperative morbidity following hepatectomy remains high, and understanding its risk factors is important to improve perioperative outcomes. We aimed to identify the role of two non-invasive markers - albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) and aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI) - in predicting postoperative morbidity following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A multicenter data of patients undergoing hepatectomy for HCC at 8 centers were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into normal and high groups according to preoperative ALBI and APRI scores. ALBI and APRI’s predictive accuracy of postoperative 30-day overall and major morbidity were evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and compared with two conventional scores: Child-Pugh grade and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD). Results: In 2,301 patients, 866 (37.6%) and 400 (17.4%) were in the high ALBI and APRI groups, respectively. There were significant differences of postoperative overall morbidity between the normal and high ALBI groups (26.2% vs. 40.1%, P<0.001), as well as between the normal and high APRI groups (29.2% vs. 42.4%, P<0.001). The AUCs of the ALBI and APRI scores for predicting overall morbidity are greater than those of Child- Pugh grade and MELD score. Multivariable analyses revealed that ALBI and APRI were independent predictors of overall morbidity in both preoperative and postoperative prediction models. Similar results existed in predicting postoperative major morbidity. Conclusions: Preoperative ALBI and APRI could predict postoperative 30-day overall and major morbidity following hepatectomy for HCC before or after surgery.

The Study on Corporate Social Capital and Marketing Channels of Sports Goods Industry in China

Tian, Lei,Chen, Yuj 한중경제문화학회 2016 한중경제문화연구 Vol.7 No.-

Compound K attenuates hyperglycemia by enhancing glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through activating TGR5 via the remodeling of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism

Tian, Fengyuan,Huang, Shuo,Xu, Wangda,Chen, Lan,Su, Jianming,Ni, Haixiang,Feng, Xiaohong,Chen, Jie,Wang, Xi,Huang, Qi The Korean Society of Ginseng 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.6

Background: Incretin impairment, characterized by insufficient secretion of L-cell-derived glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is a defining step of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ginsenoside compound K (CK) can stimulate GLP-1 secretion; however, the potential mechanism underlying this effect has not been established. Methods: CK (40 mg/kg) was administered orally to male db/db mice for 4 weeks. The body weight, oral glucose tolerance, GLP-1 secretion, gut microbiota sequencing, bile acid (BA) profiles, and BA synthesis markers of each subject were then analyzed. Moreover, TGR5 expression was evaluated by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, and L-cell lineage markers involved in L-cell abundance were analyzed. Results: CK ameliorated obesity and impaired glucose tolerance in db/db mice by altering the gut microbiota, especially Ruminococcaceae family, and this changed microbe was positively correlated with secondary BA synthesis. Additionally, CK treatment resulted in the up-regulation of CYP7B1 and CYP27A1 and the down-regulation of CYP8B1, thereby shifting BA biosynthesis from the classical pathway to the alternative pathway. CK altered the BA pool by mainly increasing LCA and DCA. Furthermore, CK induced L-cell number expansion leading to enhanced GLP-1 release through TGR5 activation. These increases were supported by the upregulation of genes governing GLP-1 secretion and L-cell differentiation. Conclusions: The results indicate that CK improves glucose homeostasis by increasing L-cell numbers, which enhances GLP-1 release through a mechanism partially mediated by the gut microbiota-BA-TGR5 pathway. Therefore, that therapeutic attempts with CK might be useful for patients with T2DM.

Trade Credit and Shadow Banking Activities : Evidence from China

Tian Chen,Heungju Park,Sungbin Sohn 한국재무학회 2020 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.08

This paper examines the relationship between trade credit and shadow banking activities measured by inter-corporate entrusted loans. Using a panel data of Chinese listed firms, we find that entrusted loans have a significant substitution effect on the supply of trade credit and the substitutional effects are mitigated during financial crisis periods. Propensity score matched samples and a difference-in-difference approach provide robustness to our findings. Our evidence suggests that trade credit interrelates with shadow banking activities on corporate financing.