고령자 행위특징에 따른 베리어프리 홈(Barrier-Free Home) 디자인 기준에 관한 연구

당악천(Tang, Le Tian),강재철(Kang, Jae Cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.2

고령화 사회가 가속화되면서 전통적인 노인요양 시스템은 새로운 도전을 맞이하게 될 것이다. 정부의 대대적인 지원에도 불구하고 고령자를 위한 수요를 충족시키기는 힘든 상태이며 향후 고령자들이 노후를 편안하게 보낼 수 있는 장소는 여전히 그들의 집이 될 것이다. 그러므로 고령자들을 위한 주택환경 개선이 필요할 실정이다. 베리어프리 디자인 원칙에 의해 디자인된 실내의 공간과 제품은 일정한 정도에서 고령자들의 실내 활동에 많은 편리를 가져다준다. 본 연구에서는 법적으로 규정되어진 한국과 중국의 노년층의 생리적 특징과 생활패턴을 조사하여 보다 심화된 노년층을 위한 베리어프리 홈 디자인의 기초적인 가이드라인을 찾고자 한다. 이에 데이터를 분석하고 취합하여 대안적 디자인 방법을 제언하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구의 방법으로 설문조사와 연구대상자에 대한 인터뷰를 통하여 9가지 고령자들의 신체적 상황의 행위특징과 4가지 생활환경을 스퀘어 검정 비교 분석하였다. 또한 고령자들의 행위특징에 따른 베리어프리 홈 디자인에 대한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석을 통해 고령자들을 위한 대안적 베리어프리 홈 디자인의 대안적 방향성을 베리어프리 홈 디자인 원칙하에 피험자들로써 고령자들의 행위특징을 고려하여 크게 자율형과 간호형 두 분류의 고령자들을 위한 각각의 대안적 디자인 방법으로 나누어 제시하였다. 결론적으로 피험자들의 행위특징을 행위능력과 차별화 하고 비교할 수 있었다. 실증분석과 고찰을 거쳐 거주 공간 내에서의 행위능력을 구속하는 장애를 최소화하고 기능적인 공간개념을 결합시켜 고령자들의 행위특징에 대입할 수 있었다. 다양한 분류의 고령층에 대하여 거주 공간 및 가구 등의 기능 세밀화, 단순화를 통한 편리한 사용성, 색채배려를 통한 색채계획, 안전 보호 조치, 고령자 설계 참여, 표준 규범 정립과 경제성의 총 6가지 방면의 대안적 디자인 요소를 추출할 수 있었다. As the aging society accelerates, the traditional elderly care system will face new challenges. Despite the government s massive support, it is difficult to meet the demand for the elderly, and in the future, the place where the elderly can comfortably spend their lives will still be their home. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the housing environment for the elderly. The interior space and products designed by the barrier-free design principle bring a lot of convenience to the indoor activities of the elderly to a certain extent. This study aims to find the basic guidelines for barrier-free home design for older people by examining the physiological characteristics and life patterns of the elderly in Korea and China, which are legally prescribed. The purpose of this is to analyze and collect data to suggest alternative design methods. As a method of research, through a questionnaire survey and interviews on the subjects, a square test was compared and analyzed for behavioral characteristics and physical conditions of nine elderly people s physical situation. In addition, an empirical analysis was conducted on barrier-free home design according to the behavioral characteristics of the elderly. Through the empirical analysis, the alternative direction of alternative barrier-free home design for the elderly is considered as the subjects under the barrier-free home design principle. Considering the behavioral characteristics of the elderly, each alternative design is largely autonomous and nursing. It was presented in a divided manner. In conclusion, it was possible to differentiate and compare the behavioral characteristics of the subjects with the behavioral capabilities. Through empirical analysis and consideration, it was possible to substitute the functional characteristics of the elderly by minimizing the obstacles that restrict the ability to act in the living space and combining functional spatial concepts. Alternative barriers in a total of six categories, such as functional miniaturization of living spaces and furniture, convenience of use through simplification, color planning, safety protection measures, elderly design participation, establishment of standard norms, and economic feasibility for various categories of seniors Pre-design elements could be extracted.

입체녹화 지속가능 디자인의 경제성 요소 간의 관계분석

당악천(Tang, Le Tian)강재철(Kang, Jae Cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.1

This study analyzed economics on sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system in order to expect the ‘balloon effect’ such as creative design, resource efficiency, or economic effect. The purpose of this study was to point the way of future 3-dimensional sustainable designs. This study sampled the economic elements of the sustainable designs by quantitative, qualitative, and previous theoretical discussions regarding the economics of the 3D greenery system and analyzed the survey empirically. Also, this study validated the economic feasibility of the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system with an expert interview. The results of this study were as follows. First, this study reestablished the definition of the 3D greenery system as 3D and multi-dimensional greenery systems such as horizontal or vertical systems, which integrate vertical and wall greenery systems and vertical gardens, select plants with different location conditions, and rely on various structures and other spatial structures. Second, this study showed that the economic elements of the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system were recognized in the order of ‘resource efficiency,’ ‘creative economics,’ and ‘economic value’ through the survey. Third, this study analyzed the correlation to confirm that there are significant correlations among ‘resource efficiency,’ ‘creative economics,’ and ‘economic value.’ In this regard, the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system can make value by considering the effective use of resources, creative designs, and economic value. Fourth, as a result of the expert interview, the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system have a positive impact on economics and can create various economic effects in terms of creative economics, economic value, and resource efficiency. In conclusion, the significance of this study is that this study can be used as baseline data for design development in future business regarding the 3D greenery system. 본 연구는 입체녹화(立體綠化) 지속가능 디자인의 경제성을 분석하여 창조적 디자인, 자원 효율성, 경제 효과 등 ‘풍선효과’를 기대할 수 있다. 향후 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인의 방향성을 제시하고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구의 방법은 입체녹화 지속디자인 경제성을 대상으로 정량적, 정성적 연구 및 선행연구 등 방법에 의해 지속가능 디자인의 경제성 요소를 추출하여 설문조사를 통한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인의 경제성의 타당성을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 입체녹화의 정의는 수직·벽면녹화 및 수직정원을 종합하여 서로 다른 입지 조건을 이용하여 식물 등을 선택하고 각종 구조물 및 기타 공간 구조물에 의존하게 하는 수평, 수직 등 3D 및 다차원 녹화방식으로 재정립하였다. 둘째, 설문조사를 통해 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인 경제성 요소는 ‘자원 경제성’, ‘창조적 경제성’, ‘경제 가치’ 순의 인식 수준이 나타났다. 셋째, 상관관계의 분석 결과, ‘자원 경제성’과 ‘창조적 경제성’ 및 ‘경제 가치’ 간 상호 유의미한 상관관계가 존재하였다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인은 자원의 효율적인 사용, 창조적인 디자인, 경제 가치를 고려함으로 경제성을 창출할 수 있다. 넷째, 전문가 인터뷰 결과, 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인은 경제성에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 나타났고 창조적 경제성, 경제 가치, 자원 경제성 면에서 다양한 경제 효과를 창출할 수 있다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의는 향후 입체녹화 관련 사업에 디자인 개발을 위한 기초자료로써 활용될 수 있다.

Enhancing thermostability of maltogenic amylase from <i>Bacillus thermoalkalophilus</i> ET2 by DNA shuffling

Tang, Shuang-Yan,Le, Quang-Tri,Shim, Jae-Hoon,Yang, Sung-Jae,Auh, Joong-Huck,Park, Cheonseok,Park, Kwan-Hwa Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2006 FEBS JOURNAL Vol.273 No.14

<P>DNA shuffling was used to improve the thermostability of maltogenic amylase from <I>Bacillus thermoalkalophilus</I> ET2. Two highly thermostable mutants, III-1 and III-2, were generated after three rounds of shuffling and recombination of mutations. Their optimal reaction temperatures were all 80 °C, which was 10 °C higher than that of the wild-type. The mutant enzyme III-1 carried seven mutations: N147D, F195L, N263S, D311G, A344V, F397S, and N508D. The half-life of III-1 was about 20 times greater than that of the wild-type at 78 °C. The mutant enzyme III-2 carried M375T in addition to the mutations in III-1, which was responsible for the decrease in specific activity. The half-life of III-2 was 568 min while that of the wild-type was <1 min at 80 °C. The melting temperatures of III-1 and III-2, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, increased by 6.1 °C and 11.4 °C, respectively. Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction, proper packing, and deamidation were predicted as the mechanisms for the enhancement of thermostability in the enzymes with the mutations.</P>

UV-curable organic-inorganic hybrid materials as a dielectric gate for flexible organic thin-film transistors

( Le Hong Nhung ),조성하,( Tang Xiaowu ),김세현,김주영 한국공업화학회 2021 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2021 No.0

Face Sketch Synthesis Based on Local and Nonlocal Similarity Regularization

Tang, Songze,Zhou, Xuhuan,Zhou, Nan,Sun, Le,Wang, Jin Korea Information Processing Society 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.6

Face sketch synthesis plays an important role in public security and digital entertainment. In this paper, we present a novel face sketch synthesis method via local similarity and nonlocal similarity regularization terms. The local similarity can overcome the technological bottlenecks of the patch representation scheme in traditional learning-based methods. It improves the quality of synthesized sketches by penalizing the dissimilar training patches (thus have very small weights or are discarded). In addition, taking the redundancy of image patches into account, a global nonlocal similarity regularization is employed to restrain the generation of the noise and maintain primitive facial features during the synthesized process. More robust synthesized results can be obtained. Extensive experiments on the public databases validate the generality, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed algorithm.

Amorphous copper tungsten oxide with tunable band gaps

Chen, Le,Shet, Sudhakar,Tang, Houwen,Ahn, Kwang-soon,Wang, Heli,Yan, Yanfa,Turner, John,Al-Jassim, Mowafak American Institute of Physics 2010 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.108 No.4

Robust Precoding and Postcoding for Multicell Multiuser Transmission using Imperfect CSI

Nguyen-Le, Hung,Nguyen-Duy-Nhat, Vien,Tang-Tan, Chien,Bao, Vo Nguyen Quoc The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.5

This paper studies the problem of precoding and post-coding design for multicell multiuser downlink transmissions in the absence of perfect channel state information (CSI). Using statistical information of imperfect CSI, an iterative multiuser multicell transceiver design is formulated by minimizing the mean squared error (MSE) cost function of signal and leakage interference under per-base station power constraint (PBPC). The convergence of the iterative precoding and postcoding algorithm is verified by analytical and empirical results. The proposed precoding and postcoding algorithm offers a low computational complexity and robustness against CSI imperfection.

Face Sketch Synthesis Based on Local and Nonlocal Similarity Regularization

Songze Tang,Xuhuan Zhou,Nan Zhou,Le Sun,Jin Wang 한국정보처리학회 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.6

Face sketch synthesis plays an important role in public security and digital entertainment. In this paper, wepresent a novel face sketch synthesis method via local similarity and nonlocal similarity regularization terms. The local similarity can overcome the technological bottlenecks of the patch representation scheme intraditional learning-based methods. It improves the quality of synthesized sketches by penalizing the dissimilartraining patches (thus have very small weights or are discarded). In addition, taking the redundancy of imagepatches into account, a global nonlocal similarity regularization is employed to restrain the generation of thenoise and maintain primitive facial features during the synthesized process. More robust synthesized resultscan be obtained. Extensive experiments on the public databases validate the generality, effectiveness, androbustness of the proposed algorithm.

Flutter performance of box girders with different wind fairings at large angles of attack

Haojun Tang,Hang Zhang,Wei Mo,Yong-Le Li 한국풍공학회 2021 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.32 No.5

The streamlined box is a common type of girders for long-span suspension bridges. Spanning deep canyons, long-span bridges are frequently attacked by strong winds with large angles of attack. In this situation, the flow field around the streamlined box changes significantly, leading to reduction of the flutter performance. The wind fairings have different effects on the flutter performance. Therefore, this study examines the flutter performance of box girders with different wind fairings at large angles of attack. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out to extract the flutter derivatives, and the critical flutter state of a long-span bridge was determined. Further comparisons of the wind fairings were investigated by a rapid method which is related to the input energy by the aerodynamic force. The results show that a reasonable type of wind fairings could improve the flutter performance of long-span bridges at large angles of attack. For the torsional flutter instability, the wind fairings weaken the adverse effect of the vortex attaching to the girder, and a sharper one could achieve a better result. According to the input energies on the girder with different wind fairings, the symmetrical wind fairings are more beneficial to the flutter performance.

Blockage effects on aerodynamics and flutter performance of a streamlined box girder

Yong-Le Li,Junjie Guo,Xingyu Chen,Haojun Tang,Jingyu Zhang 한국풍공학회 2020 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.30 No.1

Wind tunnel test is one of the most important means to study the flutter performance of bridges, but there are blockage effects in flutter test due to the size limitation of the wind tunnel. On the other hand, the size of computational domain can be defined by users in the numerical simulation. This paper presents a study on blockage effects of a simplified box girder by computation fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, the blockage effects on the aerodynamic characteristics and flutter performance of a long-span suspension bridge are studied. The results show that the aerodynamic coefficients and the absolute value of mean pressure coefficient increase with the increase of the blockage ratio. And the aerodynamic coefficients can be corrected by the mean wind speed in the plane of leading edge of model. At each angle of attack, the critical flutter wind speed decreases as the blockage ratio increases, but the difference is that bending-torsion coupled flutter and torsional flutter occur at lower and larger angles of attack respectively. Finally, the correction formula of critical wind speed at 0o angle of attack is given, which can provide reference for wind resistance design of streamlined box girders in practical engineering.