Piezoelectric Materials: All‐Solution‐Processed Flexible Thin Film Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (Adv. Mater. 45/2012)

Chung, Sung Yun,Kim, Sunyoung,Lee, Ju‐,Hyuck,Kim, Kyongjun,Kim, Sang‐,Woo,Kang, Chong‐,Yun,Yoon, Seok‐,Jin,Kim, Youn Sang WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.24 No.45

<P>An all‐solution‐processed flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, composed of polycrystalline ZnO thin film and functional polymer layers such as P3HT/PCBM and PEDOT:PSS, generates energy through a mechanical rolling and muscle stretching system. On page 6022, Youn Sang Kim, Sang‐Woo Kim, and co‐workers show that this all‐solution‐processed nanogenerator is feasible as a piezoelectric patchable device and is promising for use in future energy harvesters such as wearable human patches and mobile electronics. </P>

SOLUBILITY OF NITROGEN IN CLEAN EIRE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS AT HIGH PRESSURE

Kim,Jae-Duck,Lim,Jong-Sung,Lee,Youn-Woo,Lee,Youn-Yong 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

Isothermal solubilities of nitrogen in clean fire extinguishing agents, such as bromotrifluoromethane (Halon-1301), bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon-121 t), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3- heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), and trifluoroiodomethane (FIC-13I1) were measured in a circulation-type equilibrium apparatus. The temperature range was (293.2 to 313.2) K and the pressure range was (30 to 100) bar. The experimental data were well correlated with the Peng- Robinson equation of state using the Wong and Sandier mixing rules, and the relevant parameters are presented.

Promotional Strategies of Local Drugstores

Kim,Seung-Mi,Lee,Sang-Yoon,Kim,Pan-Jin,Kim,Nam-Myun,Youn,Myoung-Kil 한국유통과학회 1999 유통과학연구 Vol.1 No.1

The retail business of drugstore was introduced to Korea for the first time 10 years ago. Since Olive Young introduced a retail store in the name of drugstore in 1999 for the first time in Korea, new distribution channel combining drugstore, cosmetic products and dairy products, etc has been made. At initial stage, the new distribution channel grew up slowly because of low specialty and economic stagnation. However, the three big distribution channels, that is to say, Olive Young (CJ), Watsons (GS) and W Store (Kolon Well Care), etc, were established to produce new distribution system following large-scaled discount stores as well as convenience stores. The purpose of the study is to investigate ways making Korean style drugstore be new retail business in addition to traditional markets, department stores, E-Mart and other general super markets and to examine problems preventing the drugstore from being promoted and to find out solutions. The speciality retailers that is called a category killer attacking department stores as well as marts is expanding market quickly. New consumption trend that gives priority to wellbeing is being expanded in accordance with high level of standards of living life: The drugstore is thought to be new alternative of distribution because it keeps special products. Young ladies who are main customers of drugstores respond to the trend sensitively to have more buying power that is thought to be promising. And, consumers' desire has become concrete and special. This is because consumers want not only convenient shopping but also special shopping system that is current trend. These days, so called Multi-shop and Total shop and other special shops have been recently opened. Special multi-shop has been concentrated on fashion product and miscellaneous goods so far: Health total wellbeing shop shall be popular in accordance with wellbeing trends. Drugstores can play an important role. Drugstores were opened for the first time ten years ago. In

A Study on the Analysis of Start-Up Success-Failure Factors to Small Enterprise in Seoul, Korea

Kim,Se-Jin,Lee,Sang-Youn,Kim,Pan-Jin 한국유통과학회 2019 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2019 No.-

Microenterprises in Seoul serve as a foundation for the regional economy and are a driving force for national economic growth It’s necessary to establish the “Start-up bible for microenterprises (myeongsimbogam)” for its success based on empirical case analysis (10 tips for startup success and shortcuts to failure) To be used as basic data for improvement of support policies and policy making development based on causes of microenterprises’ liquidation.

글로벌 금융시장 간의 변동성 추정

지상윤(Jee, Sang-Youn),김경수(Kim, Kyung-Soo) 한국국제회계학회 2020 국제회계연구 Vol.0 No.90

본 논문은 일반화 분산분해방법을 사용하고 신속하게 이용가능한 다변량 Markov 국면전환모형(MS)을 벡터자기회귀모형(VAR)과 결합하여 글로벌 금융시장 간의 변동성 전이지수를 분석하고자 하였다. 결과로 첫째, 단일 국면모형의 변동성 전이지수에 따르면, 유럽 금융시장은 타시장으로부터 영향을 받는 것보다는 더 영향을 미치는 시장이었고 한국과 일본은 타시장에 영향을 미치지 못하고 타시장으로부터 영향을 받는 시장으로 나타났다. 둘째, MS-VAR 모형에서 금융위기 동안 한국시장은 최대의 변동성을 보여주었고 한국은 선진국과의 통합이 강화되어 타국가 간의 평균 및 분산이 현저히 급등하였고 한국, 미국 및 유럽 간의 강력한 선도-지연 상호작용이 존재하였다. 셋째, MS-VAR 모형하의 변동성 전이지수에 따르면, 혼란기(2-국면)에서 한국, 프랑스 및 일본은 타시장의 변동성 충격에 의해 더 크게 영향을 받는 정도가 단일 국면모형의 결과와 거의 동일하였으나, 미국의 경우, 변동성 충격을 통해 파급된 총전이지수는 가장 높아 타시장의 금융 어려움에 현저하게 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 평활화 국면확률에서 금융위기 동안 글로벌 금융시장간의 국제적 통합과 이와 연계된 구조적 변화를 보여주었다. 따라서 MS-VAR 모형을 통해 한국을 포함한 8개의 금융시장의 변동성 전이지수와 이를 바탕으로 혼란기 동안의 강력한 전이효과와 안정기 동안의 완화된 전이효과를 파악할 수 있는 글로벌 금융시장 간의 변동성 전달 메커니즘을 이해할 수 있었다. This paper aims to incorporate the multivariate Markov regime switching model (MS) with the vector autoregressive model (VAR), and analyzing the volatility spillovers index between global financial markets. As a result, first, according to the spillovers index of the single regime model, European financial markets were more affected than other markets, and Korea and Japan had no influence on other markets but were affected by other markets. Second, in the MS-VAR model, the Korean market showed the highest volatility during the financial crisis, Korea strengthened its integration with developed countries, significantly increased the mean and variances among other countries, and strong lead-lag interactions between Korea, the United States, and Europe. Third, in the spillovers index under the MS-VAR model, Korea, France, and Japan were more affected by volatility shocks in other markets, which was almost the same as that of the single regime model in the turbulent period (2-regime). Specifically, in the United States, the total spillovers index through the volatility shocks had the greatest impact on the financial difficulties of other markets. Fourth, the probability of smoothing regime showed the integration and structural changes linked to global financial markets during the financial crisis. Therefore, the MS-VAR model has helped us understand the volatility spillovers index and the mechanisms of volatility spillovers to detect the strong spillovers effect among global financial markets including Korea during the chaotic period.

Original Article : Geographic difference of epidemiological features of HCV infection in Korea

( Kyung Ah Kim ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Young Seok Kim3 ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( Eun Uk Jung ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Mee Kyung Kee ),( Chun Kang ) 대한간학회 2014 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.20 No.4

Background/Aims: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Korea exhibits significant geographic variation, with it being higher in Busan and Jeonam than in other areas. The reason for this intranational geographic difference was investigated in this study by conducting a comparative analysis of the risk factors related to HCV infection among three geographic areas: the capital (Seoul), Busan, and the province of Jeolla. Methods: In total, 990 patients with chronic HCV infection were prospectively enrolled at 5 university hospitals located in Seoul (n=374), Busan (n=264), and Jeolla (n=352). A standardized questionnaire survey on the risk factors for HCV infection was administered to these three groups of patients, and a comparative analysis of the findings was performed. Results: The analysis revealed significant regional differences in exposure to the risk factors of HCV infection. By comparison with patients in Seoul as a control group in the multivariate analysis, patients in Busan had significantly more experience of invasive medical procedures, acupuncture, cosmetic procedures, and multiple sex partners. In contrast, patients in Jeolla were significantly older, and they had a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma, a lower prevalence of multiple sex partners, and had experienced fewer invasive procedures. Conclusions: There was a significant geographic difference in the exposure to potential risk factors of HCV infection between patients from the three studied regions. This may explain the regional variation of the prevalence of HCV infection in Korea, and should be taken into account when planning strategies for the prevention and management of HCV infection. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20:361-367)

Interaction of <i>Veratrum nigrum</i> with <i>Panax ginseng</i> against Obesity: A Sang-ban Relationship

Park, Jinbong,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Kim, Hye-Lin,Lim, Hara,Jung, Yunu,Youn, Dong-Hyun,Jeong, Mi-Young,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Kim, Su-Jin,Hong, Seung-Heon,Um, Jae-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-

<P>Obesity has become a major health threat in developed countries. However, current medications for obesity are limited because of their adverse effects. Interest in natural products for the treatment of obesity is thus rapidly growing. Korean Medicine (KM) is characterized by the wide use of herbal formulas. However, the combination rule of herbal formulas in KM lacks experimental evidence. According to <I>Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica</I>, the earliest book of herbal medicine, <I>Veratrum nigrum</I> (VN) has antagonistic features against <I>Panax ginseng</I> (PG), and the PG-VN pair is strictly forbidden. In this study, we have shown the effects of PG, VN, and their combination on obesity in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 cells. PG, VN, and PG-VN combination significantly reduced weight gain and the fat pad weight in HF diet-induced obese mice. They also significantly decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of two major adipogenesis factors, PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I>, in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, the PG-VN combination had synergistic effects compared with the mixture of extracts of PG and VN on inhibition of PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I> expressions at lower doses. These results indicate a new potential anti-obese pharmacotherapy and also provide scientific evidence supporting the usage of herbal combinations instead of mixtures in KM.</P>

동씨침(董氏鍼)의 경항통(頸項痛) 치료(治療)에 관한 임상적(臨床的) 고찰(考察)

이채우,조태성,박인범,김상우,안창범,송춘호,윤현민,장경전,Lee, Chae-woo,Cho, Tai-Sung,Park, In-beohm,Kim, Sang-woo,Ahn, Chang-beohm,Song, Choon-ho,Youn, Hyoun-min,Jang, Kyung-jeon 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evidence the effect of Dong-Shi Acupuncture by improving degree of forty four patients who have received a Dong-Shi Acupuncture therapy at Dong Eui oriental hospital OPD and chiefly complained for neck pain and related symptoms. Materials and Methods: Forty four patients were diagnosed with physical inspection and radiography, and investigated into the effect of treatment sharing before treatment and after 2 weeks and 4 weeks treatment by Dr. Kim's method. Results and Conclusions: The conclusion of this study was that improving degree of forty four patients who have received a Dong-Shi acupuncture therapy for all items and excellence of the Dong-Shi Acupuncture was evidenced.

Hepatitis B Virus Infection Is Significantly Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Population-Based, Matched Case-Control Study in Korea

( Sung Eun Kim ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Moran Ki ),( Geum-youn Gwak ),( Kyung-ah Kim ),( Gi-ae Kim ),( Do Young Kim ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Man Woo Kim ),( Yun Soo Kim ),( Young Seok Kim ),( In Hee Kim ),( 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the association between HBV and CKD is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the association between CKD and HBV infection in a population-based, nationwide multicenter study. Methods: A total of 268,422 subjects who underwent health-check examination in nationwide 33 hospitals from Jan 2015 to Dec 2015, were enrolled. We identified 10,473 adults who had chronic HBV infection by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity (cases), and 41,892 age-and sex-matched HBsAg negative people (controls) in the same dataset. CKD is defined as GFR<60ml/min/1.73² (GFR categories G3a-G5), according to KDIGO 2010 clinical practice guideline. Proteinuria was defined as the presence of urine protein of at least grade 2+. Results: HBsAg positive cases showed significantly higher frequency of CKD (3.3%) than in controls (2.7%) (P=0.006). Also, the prevalence of proteinuria in HBV cases (18.4%) was significantly higher than in controls (13.9%) (P<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis for associated factors of CKD revealed that age, serum protein, serum albumin, hemoglobin, hemoglobinA1c and HBsAg positivity were independent predictors (P<0.05). Also, age, sex, HBsAg positivity, serum protein, hemoglobin, hemoglobinA1c and platelet were independent predictors of the proteinuria (P <0.05). Conclusions: HBV infection was significantly associated with GFR<60 ml/min/1.73² and proteinuria (≥2+). Therefore, in the era of effective antiviral therapy, clinical concern on the extrahepatic manifestations including kidney disease is warranted.

Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is Associated with Lower Levels of Serum Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and LDL-Cholesterol Level: A Population-Based, Matched Case-Control Study in Korea

( Sung Eun Kim ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Moran Ki ),( Geum-Youn Gwak ),( Kyung-Ah Kim ),( Gi-Ae Kim ),( Do Young Kim ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Man Woo Kim ),( Yun Soo Kim ),( Young Seok Kim ),( In Hee Kim ),( 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry and replication is associated with interruption of lipid metabolism. We aimed to investigate the association between anti-HCV positivity and serum lipid profiles in a nationwide, multicenter study. Methods: A total of 268,422 subjects who underwent health-check examination in nationwide 33 hospitals from Jan 2015 to Dec 2015 were enrolled. Data on the anti-HCV positivity, and biochemical laboratory results including serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol were obtained and analyzed. Among the subjects, 1,360 anti-HCV antibody positive cases (0.6%), and 5,440 anti-HCV negative controls matched for age and sex to the cases were identified in same dataset. Results: Though body mass index (BMI) was not different between case and control group, the mean serum levels of total cholesterol (185 mg/dL), triglyceride (111.8 mg/dL), LDL cholesterol (117.4 mg/dL), and HDL cholesterol (54.5 mg/dL) were all significantly lower in anti-HCV positive group than in controls (192.5, 119.1, 125.1, and 55.8 mg/dL, respectively). By multivariable analyses using logistic regression, the independent factors associated with elevated serum total cholesterol (≥200 mg/dL) were age, male sex, anti-HCV positivity or HCV-RNA positivity. In addition, the independent factors associated with elevated serum triglyceride(≥150 mg/dL) were age, male sex, BMI (≥25kg/m2) HbA1C (≥5.5%), ALT (≥40IU/L), anti-HCV positivity or HCV-RNA positivity. Moreover, the independent factors associated with elevated LDL-cholesterol (≥130 mg/dL) were age, male sex, and anti-HCV positivity or HCV-RNA positivity. Conclusions: In this large population-based data, HCV infection independently associated with lower serum total cholesterol level, lower triglyceride level and lower LDL cholesterol level.