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Observation-based CHF model development: Dry spot – Dry patch models
No, Hee Cheon,Song, Moon Won,Ha, Sang-Jun,Ju, In-Chul,Choi, Jin Young Elsevier 2019 Nuclear engineering and design Vol.342 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently advanced visualization techniques such as total reflection and IR methods have been applied to observe thermally and hydraulically the CHF mechanism at the surface as well as macroscopic bubble dynamics simultaneously. Based on observation Ha and No (1998a,b, 2000), and Choi et al. (2016) developed a Dry spot model and a Dry patch model, which is an extension version of the dry spot model. Experimental observations clearly showed that the production of unquenchable dry patches mainly contributes to the initiation of CHF.</P> <P>Based on the above observatory conclusions and extensive literature survey, we discussed the physical basis of the Dry Spot/Dry Patch model. In the dry spot model, we assume that the dry spot can become unquenchable one when it is surrounded by 5 neighboring dry spots based on the geometrical consideration, which was confirmed by validation process. In the dry patch model, both criteria from the hydraulic and thermal considerations were proposed to estimate the critical size of unquenchable dry patch at CHF. The wall dry area fraction can be calculated by applying a probabilistic concept for the creation of the unquenchable dry patch. We showed that the Dry Spot/Dry Patch model can be extended into CHF predictions in both pool boiling and forced convective boiling. For transition boiling, we proposed models to represent two suppression mechanisms deactivating potential nucleation sites: nucleation site deactivation and non-availability mechanism. For the physical model of the nucleation site deactivation mechanism we introduced the spatial randomness concept. For the non-availability mechanism we proposed the multi-stage calculation method which considers the sequential bubble activation and their interaction. Then, we showed that the dry spot model modified with the current transition model well predicted the whole boiling curve including CHF, nucleate boiling, transition boiling, and film boiling.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Several observations supporting the Dry Spot/Dry Patch models were introduced. </LI> <LI> Based on the observation the physical basis for the Dry Spot model was described. </LI> <LI> The Dry Spot and Dry Patch models well predict CHF for pool and convective boiling. </LI> <LI> Using the concept of the suppression of NSD, the whole boiling curve was predicted. </LI> </UL> </P>
Inhibitory Regulation of Chicken Mx against Avian Viruses in Chicken Spermatogonial Stem Cells
Ju-Young Ji,Kuppannan Gobianand,Jong-Ju Park,Jin-Gu No,Ju Sung Yang,Man Sung Park,Dong Kee Jeong,Dong-Hoon Kim,Jin Ki Park,Sung-June Byun,Chang Sun Song,Jae Gyu Yoo 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2013 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.37 No.2s
Mx is regulated by type I interferons and contains a typical GTP-binding motif like other members of the GTPase dynamin family. However, the functions and working mechanisms of the Mx protein in chicken spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are not well documented. In the present study, Mx-overexpressing chicken SSCs (chMx-SSCs) were established and the antiviral activity of chMx-SSCs against Newcastle disease virus, avian influenza viruses was investigated in vitro. For chicken SSCs isolation, day 20 fetal males derived testes were initially subjected to digestion by collagenase IV followed by 0.25% trypsin–EDTA. After discarding the supernatant, the cells were cultured in SSC medium. SSC colonies expressed pluripotent markers such as stagespecific embryonic antigen-1, Oct-4, Nanog, and Sox-2. Chicken Mx gene was constructed in plasmid DNA vector (pcDNA3.1/V5-His A-chMX) and ChMx-SSCs lines were established with chMX constructs. The antiviral activity of ChMx-SSCs was determined by real-time RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and western blot analyses after infection with Newcastle disease virus-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and avian influenza viruses (H9N2 and H1N1). ChMx-SSCs inhibited recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV)- GFP replication as determined by the calculation of the proportion GFP signal- positive cells by FACS analysis. When SSCs showed 100% GFP expression, chMx- SSCs had only 3.6% GFP expression. At 24 h after avian influenza virus infection, chMx-SSCs had a lower hemagglutinin protein level and a higher level of Mx protein. When the number of released virion particles was estimated by plaque-formation assay, chMx-SSCs had significantly fewer stained visible plaques in the MDCK layer than SSCs. Our results suggest that overexpression of chicken Mx directly stimulates antiviral activity resulting in downregulation of viral progeny release. Chicken Mx overexpression in chicken SSCs can be applied for the production of virus resistant transgenic chicken via direct transplantation of chMx-SSCs into the testis.
( Sang Ju Lee ),( Se Yeong Jeong ),( Yeon A No ),( Kui Young Park ),( Beom Joon Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.6
Traumatic scars on skin covering areas of high movement, especially areas on the face, can be stressful for patients. We report two cases of traumatic scars that occurred on the chin, and that were successfully treated with a combined therapy of 595-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) and intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin. After the treatment, good cosmetic results were achieved in both patients. The only adverse effect during and after the treatments was mild pain, which resolved within several days without any additional treatment. In conclusion, the combination of 595-nm PDL and intramuscular botulinum toxin injection was shown to be a safe and effective treatment for traumatic scars on the mobile chin area in Korean patients. (Ann Dermatol 27(6) 756∼758, 2015)
( Ju No Jang ),( Sung Hwan Hong ),( Ik Hwan Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.1
A method for the rapid detection and quantification of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) produced in an animal cell culture-based production system was developed to enhance the speed of the NDV vaccine manufacturing process. A SYBR Green I-based real-time RT-PCR was designed with a conventional, inexpensive RT-PCR kit targeting the F gene of the NDV LaSota strain. The method developed in this study was validated for specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and robustness. The validation results satisfied the predetermined acceptance criteria. The validated method was used to quantify virus samples produced in an animal cell culture-based production system. The method was able to quantify the NDV samples from mid- or late-production phases, but not effective on samples from the early-production phase. For comparison with other quantifiable methods, immunoblotting, plaque assay, and tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50) assay were also performed with the NDV samples. The results demonstrated that the real-time RT-PCR method is suitable for the rapid quantification of virus particles produced in an animal cell-culture-based production system irrespective of viral infectivity.
Dynamics Modeling and Simulation of Korean Communication, Ocean, and Meteorology Satellite
No, Tae-Soo,Lee, Sang-Uk,Kim, Sung-Ju The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2007 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.8 No.2
COMS(Communication, Oceanography, and Meteorology Satellite) is the first Korean multi-purpose satellite which is planned to be deployed at the altitude of geosynchronous orbit above the Korean peninsular. Noting that COMS is composed of the main BUS structure, two deployable solar panels, one yoke, five reactions wheels, COMS is treated as a collection of 9 bodies and its nonlinear equations of motion are obtained using the multi-body dynamics approach. Also, a computer program is developed to analyze the COMS motion during the various mission phase. Quite often, the equations of motion have to be derived repeatedly to reflect the fact that the spacecraft dynamics change as its configuration, and therefore its degree of freedom varies. However, the equations of motion and simulation software presented in this paper are general enough to represent the COMS dynamics of various configurations with a minimum change in input files. There is no need to derive the equations of motion repeatedly. To show the capability of the simulation program, the spacecraft motion during the solar array partial and full deployment has been simulated and the results are summarized in this paper.