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The Sagittal Balance of Cervical Spine : Comprehensive Review of Recent Update
Sang Hoon Lee,Tae Hwan Kim,Seok Woo Kim,Hyun Take Rim,Heui Seung Lee,Ji Hee Kim,In Bok Chang,Joon Ho Song,Yong Kil Hong,오재근 대한신경외과학회 2023 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.66 No.6
The cervical spine plays a critical role in supporting the skull, maintaining horizontal gaze, and facilitating walking. Its unique characteristics, including the widest range of motion among spinal segments, have led to extensive research on cervical sagittal alignment. Various parameters have been proposed to evaluate cervical alignment, with studies investigating their clinical significance, correlation with symptoms, and implications for surgical interventions. Recent findings suggest that cervical sagittal alignment not only impacts the cervical spine but also influences global spine-pelvic alignment through compensatory mechanisms. This comprehensive review examines classical and new parameters of cervical sagittal alignment and considers the dynamic and muscular factors associated with it.
Strawberry Harvesting Robot for Bench-type Cultivation
( Kil Su Han ),( Si Chan Kim ),( Young Bum Lee ),( Sang Chul Kim ),( Dong Hyuk Im ),( Hong Ki Choi ),( Heon Hwang ) 한국농업기계학회 2012 바이오시스템공학 Vol.37 No.1
Purpose: An autonomous robot was developed for harvesting strawberries cultivated in bench-type systems. Methods: The harvest robot consisted of four main components: an autonomous vehicle, a manipulator with four degrees of freedom (DOF), an end effector with two DOFs, and a color computer vision system. Strawberry detection was performed based on 3D image and distance information obtained from a stereo CCD color camera and a laser device, respectively. Results: In this work, a Cartesian type manipulator system was designed, including an intermediate revolute axis and a double driven arm-based joint axis, so that it could generate collision-free motions during harvesting. A DC servomotor-driven end-effector, consisting of a gripper and a cutter, was designed for gripping and cutting the strawberry stem without damaging the strawberry itself. Real-time position tracking algorithms were developed to detect, recognize, trace, and approach strawberries under natural light conditions. Conclusion: The developed robot system could harvest a strawberry within 7 seconds without damage.
Hong, Yun-Kyung,Song, Jong-Wook,Lee, Sang-Kil,Lee, Young-Jeon,Rho, Gyu-Jin,Kim, Joo-Heon,Hong, Yong-Geun The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2011 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.35 No.2
To explore the role of histone deactylase (HDAC) activation in an in vivo model of hypertrophy, we studied the effects of Trichostatin A (TSA). TSA subjected to thoracic aortic banding (TAB)-induced pressure stress in mice. In histological observations, TAB in treated mice showed a significant hypertrophic response, whereas the sham operation remained nearly normal structure with partially blunted hypertrophy. TSA treatment had no effect (measured as HW/BW) on sham-operated animals. TAB animals treated with vehicle manifested a robust ~50% hypertrophic response (p<0.05 vs sham). TAB mice treated with 2 mg/kg/day TSA manifested a blunted growth responses, which was significantly diminished (p<0.05) compared with vehicle-treated TAB mice. TAB mice treated with a lower dose of TSA (0.5 mg/kg/day) manifested a similar blunting of hypertrophic growth (~25% increase in heart mass). Furthermore, to determine activity duration of TSA in vitro, 1 nM TSA was added to H9c2 cells. Histone acetylation was initiated at 4 hr after treatment, and it was peak up to 18 hr, then followed by significantly reduced to 30 hr. We also analyzed the expression of p53 following TSA treatment, wherein p53 expression was elevated at 4 hr, and it was maintained to 24 hr after treatment. ERK was activated at 8 hr, and maintained till 30 hr after treatment suggesting an intracellular signaling interaction between TSA and p53 expression Taken together, it is suggested that HDAC activation is required for pressure-overload growth of the heart. Eventually, these data suggest that histone acetylation may be a novel target for therapeutic intervention in pressure-overloaded cardiac hypertrophy.
A New Early-Maturing, High-Quality, Lodging-Tolerant and High-Yielding Rice Cultivar, Jungsanbyeo
Kil Lim Ryu,Jeong IL Kim,You Chun Song,Jung Kon Kim,Sang Jong Lim,Ho Yeong Kim,Hun Pal Moon,Jeom Sik Lee,Hae Chune Choi,Hee Woo Lee,Yeon Kyu Hong,Dae Sik Kim 한국육종학회 2004 한국육종학회지 Vol.36 No.5
“Jungsanbyeo” is a japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Sambaegbyeo and Milyang107 by Sangju Substation of National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment station, RDA in 2000. The cultivar is early matured with heading date of July 30 ordinary
Hypothermic Preconditioning Lowers the Incidence of Hypothermic Arrest in Neonatal Rat
Sung Sook Park,Heung Sik Na,Hyun Jung Nam,Seung Kil Hong 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.3 No.2
<P> This study was performed to examine 1) Whether hypothermic cardiac arrest produces myocardial HSP72 expression; 2) And if, whether it serves to protect the heart against the subsequent hypothermic arrest. In the present study, neonatal rats were placed in an icebath to induce hypothermia. To determine whether hypothermic cardiac arrest produces myocardial HSP72, experimental animals were subjected to 10-min hypothermic insult before the extraction of the heart. The intervals between the insult and extraction were 1 (1 HR), 4 (4 HR), 8 (8 HR), 24 (24 HR) or 72 (72HR) hours. A minimal amount of HSP72 was detected in control, 1 HR and 72 HR groups. In contrast, 8 HR and 24 HR groups showed a significant level of HSP72 expressions. To assess the cardioprotective effect of HSP72 against hypothermic cardiac arrest, we compared the proportion of recovery from the arrest between control and preconditioned (PREC) animals. Control animals were subjected to 20-min hypothermic insult, while PREC group was preconditioned by 10-min hypothermic insult 8 hours before the 20-min test hypothermic insult. Resuscitation rate from cardiac arrest induced by the 20-min hypothermic insult in PREC group was significantly higher than that in controls. These results suggest that the cardioprotective effect of hypothermic preconditioning is associated with an increase in HSP72 expression.
Hong Shick Lee,Jin Hak Kim,Young Moon Lee,Eun Sun Han,Man Kwon Kim,Byung Hoon Oh,Sung Kil Min Kae Joon Yoo,Ho Young Lee 대한신경정신의학회 1994 신경정신의학 Vol.33 No.1
40명의 만성정신분열증 환자를 대상으로 Haloperdiol에 대한 Cyproheptadine 병용치료 효 과를 검중하기 위하여 6주간의 위약ᅳ대조,이중맹검 연구를 시행하였다. 6주간의 이중맹검 Cyproheptadine 병용치료는 양성 및 음성증상 모두에서 임상적인 중상의 호전을 보였으나 위약과 Haloperidol이 병용 투여된 대조군과 비교한 임상적 정신증상에서는 두군 간의 유의한 통계적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 그러나 Cyproheptadine 병용치료는 대조군에 비해 추체외로 증상의 유의한 감소를 보임으로써 항정신병 약물의 비정형적인 특성이 있음을 지지해주고 있다. 신경 내분비학적 검사에서는 Cyproheptadine 병용치료가 혈청내 prolactine치를 감소시 키지는 않았으나 혈청내 cortisol 치를 유의하게 감소시켰다. 비록 보다 장기간의 추적 연구가 필요하겠으나 본 연구의 결과는 Cyproheptadine 병용치료가 기존 전형적인 항정신병 약물로 인한 추체외로 부작용으로 지속적인 약물치료가 힘든 만성정신분열증 환자의 치료에 효과적일 수 있음을 제시한다
Study on Homopolar Superconductivity Synchronous Motors for Ship Propulsion Applications
Sang-Ho Lee,Jung-Pyo Hong,Young-Kil Kwon,Young-Sik Jo,Seung-Kyu Baik IEEE 2008 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.18 No.2
<P>Superconductivity synchronous motors compared with conventional motors can reduce the motor size and enhance the motor efficiency for low-speed and high torque applications under the space constraints for propulsion system. Especially, homopolar superconductivity synchronous motors (HSSMs) need less superconductor and lower magnetic flux density in superconductor field coil than air-cored superconductivity synchronous motors (ASSMs). In addition, mechanical structure is more simplified and stability is increased because the superconductor field coil of HSSMs is not rotated in operation. In this paper, we present the outline of HSSMs including structure, characteristics and operational principles with the conceptual design of HSSM.</P>