A new driving waveform for improving luminous efficiency in AC PDP with large sustain gap under high Xe content

Cho, Byung-Gwon,Tae, Heung-Sik,Ito, K.,Song, Jun Weon,Jung, Eun Young,Ahn, Jeong Chull,Jung, Nam-Sung IEEE 2006 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.34 No.2

A new driving waveform is proposed to improve the luminous efficiency of alternating current (ac) plasma display panel with a large sustain gap (400 μm) structure under a high Xe (15%) gas mixture. Due to the large sustain gap structure, the reset waveform was modified based on Vt close curve analysis to produce the surface discharge between the scan and sustain electrodes by applying the negative bias voltage on the sustain electrode during a ramp-up period. During a sustain period, the sustain waveforms with two different voltage polarities, i.e., positive and negative voltage levels, were applied, thus resulting in producing an efficient discharge by accumulating the wall charges uniformly among the three electrodes. As a result of adopting the proposed driving waveform, the luminance of 330 cd/m<SUP>2</SUP> and luminous efficiency of 4.5 lm/W under the sustain voltage of 210 V and the trigger voltage of 160 V were obtained in the 6-in plasma display panel (PDP) with green phosphors under a large sustain gap (400 μm) and a high Xe (15%) gas mixture.

심부전을 주소로 진단된 삼방심

박은경 ( Park Eun Gyeong ),김석호 ( Kim Seog Ho ),강흥선 ( Kang Heung Seon ),조정휘 ( Jo Jeong Hwi ),김권삼 ( Kim Gwon Sam ),김명식 ( Kim Myeong Sig ),송정상 ( Song Jeong Sang ),배종화 ( Bae Jong Hwa ) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.1

Cor triatriatum is well konwn rare cardiac malformation consisting of accessory chamber that lie within the left atrium and receives the pulmonary vein. Recently, we have experienced one case of isolated cor triatriatum presenting as congestive heart failure. A 24 years old women was admitted to the hospital because of severe dyspnea. We diagnosed isolated cor triatriatum by the transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac catheterization.

졸-겔법으로 성장시킨 바나듐이 도핑된 ${Bi_4}{Ti_3}{O_{12}}$ 박막의 미세구조 및 전기적 특성

김종국,김상수,최은경,김진흥,송태권,김인성,Kim, Jong-Guk,Kim, Sang-Su,Choe, Eun-Gyeong,Kim, Jin-Heung,Song, Tae-Gwon,Kim, In-Seong 한국재료학회 2001 한국재료학회지 Vol.11 No.11

$Bi_{3.99}Ti_{2.97}V_{0.03}O_{12}$ (BTV) thin films with 3 mol% vanadium doping were Prepared on $Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si$ substrate by sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that single-phase layered perovskite were obtained and preferred orientation was not observed. Under the annealing temperature at $600^{\circ}C$, the surface morphology of the BTV thin films had fine-rounded particles and then changed plate-like at $650^{\circ}C$ and $700^{\circ}C$. The remanent polarization $(2P_r)$ and coercive field $(2E_c)$ of $700^{\circ}C$ annealed BTV thin film were 25 $\mu$C/cm$^2$ and 116 kV/cm, respectively. In addition, BTV thin film showed little polarization fatigue during $10_9$ switching cycles. These improved ferroelectric properties were attributed to the increased rattling space and reduced oxygen vacancies by substitution $Ti^{4+}$ ion (68 pm) with smaller $V^{5+}$ ion (59 pm). The dielectric constant and loss were measured 130 and 0.03 at 10 kHz, respectively.

Prone Breast Phantom을 이용한 couch 산란영향 평가

김민석,전수동,배선명,백금문,송흥권,Kim, Min Seok,Jeon, Soo Dong,Bae, Sun Myeong,Baek, Geum Mun,Song, Heung Gwon 대한방사선치료학회 2017 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.29 No.2

목 적: 유방암 환자의 방사선치료 시 엎드린 자세를 적용하면 폐와 심장에 들어가는 선량을 줄일 수 있다. 하지만 빔 방향에 포함되는 couch의 영향으로 피부선량 증가 및 심부선량이 감소한다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 air gap을 이용해서 couch로 인한 영향을 줄일 수 있는 방법을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 치료 받은 유방암 환자의 전산화단층영상을 바탕으로 3D 프린터(Builder Extreme 1000)를 이용하여 체적을 동일하게 묘사한 인체모형을 제작하였다. 제작한 인체모형을 전산화단층촬영하고 전산화치료계획시스템(Eclipse 13.6, Varian, USA)을 이용하여 6MV, Field-in-Field technique을 이용한 200 cGy/fx의 치료계획을 수립하였다. 피부선량 측정을 위해 내, 외측 4 지점(Med 1, Med 2, Lat 1, Lat 2)에서 광자극발광선량계(Optically Stimulated Luminescence Detector, OSLD)를 이용한 측정을 진행하였고, 심부선량 측정을 위해 유방의 전면과 후면의 2 지점(Anterior, Posterior)에서 FC65-G ion-chamber를 이용한 측정을 하였다. Couch와 인체모형 사이의 air gap(기준 3 cm)을 1 cm 씩 총 6 cm까지 증가시켜가며 측정하였으며 치료계획 선량을 기준으로 평가하였다. 결 과: 피부선량 측정 결과 외측 지점은 치료계획과 비교하여 ${\pm}5%$ 이내의 유사한 값을 보였다. 내측 1 지점은 air gap이 증가할수록 감소하며 3 cm 이상부터 7 % 이상 감소하였고, 내측 2 지점은 4 % 이상 감소하였다. 심부선량 측정 결과 후면 지점은 air gap 차이에 의한 선량변화가 ${\pm}1%$ 이내의 값을 보였다. 전면 지점의 선량은 air gap이 증가할수록 높아지며 3 cm 이상부터 치료계획 보다 4 % 증가한 값을 보였다. 결 론: 본 실험을 통해 couch와 인체모형 사이의 air gap을 특정 거리까지 증가시켰을 때 couch로 인한 피부선량과 심부선량의 영향이 감소함을 확인하였다. 따라서 유방암 환자에 대한 치료 전 선량평가를 진행하여 각 환자에게 최적의 air gap을 적용한다면 피부보효 효과를 높일 수 있고, 정확한 심부선량의 전달이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dosimetric effects of couch attenuation and air gaps using 3D phantom for prone breast radiation therapy. Materials and method: A 3D printer(Builder Extreme 1000) and computed tomography (CT) images of a breast cancer patient were used to manufacture the customized breast phantom. Eclipse External Beam Planning 13.6 (Varian Medical Systems Palo Alto, CA, USA) was used to create the treatment plan with a dose of 200 cGy per fraction with 6 MV energy. The Optically Stimulated Luminescence Detector(OSLD) was used to measure the skin dose at four points (Med 1, Med 2, Lat 1, Lat 2) on the 3D phantom and ion-chamber (FC65-G) were used to perform the in-vivo dosimetry at the two points (Anterior, Posterior). The Skin dose and in-vivo dosimetry were measured with reference air gap (3 cm) and increased air gaps (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 cm) from reference distance between the couch and 3D phantom. Results: As a result, measurement for the skin dose at lateral point showed a similar value within ${\pm}4%$ compared to the plan. While the air gap increased, skin dose at medial 1 was reduced. And it was also reduced over 7 % when the air gap was more than 3 cm compared to radiation therapy plan. At medial 2 it was reduced over 4 % as well. The changes of dose from variety of the air gap showed similar value within ${\pm}1%$ at posterior. As the air gap was increased, the dose at anterior was also increased and it was increased by 1 % from the air gap distance more than 3 cm. Conclusion: Dosimetrical measurement using 3D phantom is very useful to evaluate the dosimetric effects of couch attenuation and air gaps for prone breast radiation therapy. And it is possible to reduce the skin dose and increase the accuracy of the radiation dose delivery by appling the optimized air gap.

난소전위술을 시행한 가임기 여성의 자궁경부암 방사선치료 시 난소선량 감소를 위한 Halcyon^TM Fast kV CBCT의 유용성 평가 : Phantom study

이성재,신충훈,최소영,이동형,유순미,송흥권,윤인하,Lee Sung Jae,Shin Chung Hun,Choi So Young,Lee Dong Hyeong,Yoo Soon Mi,Song Heung Gwon,Yoon In Ha 대한방사선치료학회 2022 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.34 No.-

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of reducing the absorbed dose to the ovaries and the quality of the CBCT image when using the Halcyon^TM Fast kV CBCT of cervical cancer patients of child-bearing age who performed ovarian transposition Materials and Methods : Contouring of the cervix and ovaries required for measurement was performed on the computed tomography images of the human phantom (Alderson Rando Phantom, USA), and three Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter(OSLD) were attached to the selected organ cross-section, respectively. In order to measure the absorbed dose to the cervix and ovaries in the Truebeam^TM pelvis mode (Hereinafter referred to as TP), The Halcyon^TM Pelvis mode (Hereinafter referred to as HP) and The Halcyon^TM Pelvis Fast mode (Hereinafter referred to as HPF), An image was taken with a scan range of 17.5 cm and also taken an image that reduced the Scan range to 12.5cm. A total of 10 cumulative doses were summed, It was replaced with a value of 23 Fx, the number of cervical cancer treatments, and compared In additon, uniformity, low contrast visibility, spatial resolution, and geometric distortion were compared and analyzed using Catphan 504 phantom to compare CBCT image quality between equipment. Each factor was repeatedly measured three times, and the average value was obtained by analysing with the Doselab (Mobius Medical Systems, LP. Versions: 6.8) program. Results: As a result of measuring absorbed dose by CBCT with OSLD, TP and HP did not obtain significant results under the same conditions. The mode showing the greatest reduction value was HPF versus TP. In HPF, the absorbed dose was reduced by 39.8% in the cervix and 19.8% in the ovary compared to the TP in the scan range of 17.5 cm. the scan range was reduced to 12.5 cm, absorbed dose was reduced by 34.2% in the cervix and 50.5% in the ovary. In addition, result of evaluating the quality of the image used in the above experiment, it complied with the equipment manufacturer's standards with Geometric Distortion within 1mm (SBRT standard), Uniformity HU, LCV within 2.0%, Spatial Resolution more than 3 lp/mm. Conclusion: According to the results of this experiment, Halcyon^TM can select more various conditions than Truebeam^TM in treatment of fertility woman who have undergone ovarian Transposition , because it is important to reduce the radiation dose by CBCT during radiation therapy. So finally we recommend Halcyon^TM Fast kV CBCT which maintains image quality even at low mAs. However, it is consider that the additional exposure to low doses can be reduced by controlling the imaging range for patients who have undergone ovarian transposition in other treatment machines.