Polymicrobial and Monomicrobial Infections after Spinal Surgery: A Retrospective Study to Determine which Infection is more Severe

Shaoqiang Liu,Qiang Qi,Zhongqiang Chen,Ning Liu,Zhaoqing Guo,Chuiguo Sun,Weishi Li,Yan Zeng,Zhongjun Liu 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.3

Study Design: A retrospective clinical review. Purpose: To investigate the difference in clinical manifestations and severity between polymicrobial and monomicrobial infections after spinal surgery. Overview of Literature: Surgical site infections (SSIs) after spinal surgery are a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for spinal surgeons. Polymicrobial infections after spinal surgery seem to result in poorer outcomes than monomicrobial infections because of complementary resistance to antibiotics. However, comparison of the clinical manifestations and severity between polymicrobial and monomicrobial infections are limited. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with SSIs after spinal surgery were studied: 20 patients with polymicrobial infections and 47 with monomicrobial infections. Pathogenic bacteria identified were counted and classified. Age, sex, and body mass index were compared between the two groups to identify homogeneity. The groups were compared for clinical manifestations by surgical site, postoperative time to infection, infection site, incisional drainage, incisional swelling, incisional pain, neurological signs, temperature, white blood cell count, and the percentage of neutrophils. Finally, the groups were compared for severity by hospital stay, number of rehospitalizations, number of debridements, duration of antibiotics administration, number of antibiotics administered, and implant removal. Results: Polymicrobial infections comprised 29.9% of SSIs after spinal surgery, and most polymicrobial infections (70.0%) were caused by two species of bacteria only. There was no difference between the groups in terms of clinical manifestations and severity. In total, 96 bacterial strains were isolated from the spinal wounds: 60 strains were gram-positive and 36 were gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Escherichia coli , and Enterobacter cloacae were cultured in order of the frequency of appearance. Conclusions: Most polymicrobial infections were caused by two bacterial species after spinal surgery. There was no difference in clinical manifestations or severity between polymicrobial and monomicrobial infections.

Generating non-jumping numbers of hypergraphs

Shaoqiang Liu,Yuejian Peng 대한수학회 2019 대한수학회보 Vol.56 No.4

The concept of jump concerns the distribution of Tur\'an densities. A number $\alpha\in[0,1)$ is a \emph{jump} for $r$ if there exists a constant $c>0$ such that if the Tur\'an density of a family $\mathscr{F}$ of $r$-uniform graphs is greater than $\alpha$, then the Tur\'an density of $\mathscr{F}$ is at least $\alpha+c$. To determine whether a number is a jump or non-jump has been a challenging problem in extremal hypergraph theory. In this paper, we give a way to generate non-jumps for hypergraphs. We show that if $\alpha,\beta$ are non-jumps for $r_1,r_2\geq2$ respectively, then $\frac{\alpha\beta(r_1+r_2)!r_1^{r_1} r_2^{r_2}}{r_1!r_2!(r_1+r_2)^{r_1+r_2}}$ is a non-jump for $r_1+r_2$. We also apply the Lagrangian method to determine the Tur\'an density of the extension of the $(r-3)$-fold enlargement of a $3$-uniform matching.

GENERATING NON-JUMPING NUMBERS OF HYPERGRAPHS

Liu, Shaoqiang,Peng, Yuejian Korean Mathematical Society 2019 대한수학회보 Vol.56 No.4

The concept of jump concerns the distribution of $Tur{\acute{a}}n$ densities. A number ${\alpha}\;{\in}\;[0,1)$ is a jump for r if there exists a constant c > 0 such that if the $Tur{\acute{a}}n$ density of a family $\mathfrak{F}$ of r-uniform graphs is greater than ${\alpha}$, then the $Tur{\acute{a}}n$ density of $\mathfrak{F}$ is at least ${\alpha}+c$. To determine whether a number is a jump or non-jump has been a challenging problem in extremal hypergraph theory. In this paper, we give a way to generate non-jumps for hypergraphs. We show that if ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ are non-jumps for $r_1$, $r_2{\geq}2$ respectively, then $\frac{{\alpha}{\beta}(r_1+r_2)!r_1^{r_1}r_2^{r_2}}{r_1!r_2!(r_1+R_2)^{r_1+r_2}}$ is a non-jump for $r_1+r_2$. We also apply the Lagrangian method to determine the $Tur{\acute{a}}n$ density of the extension of the (r - 3)-fold enlargement of a 3-uniform matching.

Formation Mechanism and Control Measures of Sliding Surface about Bedding Slope Containing Weak Interlayer

Tao Wang,Hongbao Zhao,Yihong Liu,Shaoqiang Liu,Rui Liu 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.8

During the mining process of Hami open-pit coal mine, a large number of cracks appeared on the ground surface near the top of the end slope, which affected the stability of the slope and the subsequent safe mining of resources. By analyzing the deformation of rock stratum, the position of weak interlayer in the slope was determined. Considering the rock mass with weak interlayer as a complete mechanical system, the mechanical model of the rock mass system with weak interlayer was established, and the evaluation index of rock failure degree before slope instability was proposed. The failure mode of slope with weak interlayer is as follows: sliding failure-cutting layer failure-tension failure. The safety factor of slope decreases first and then increases with the increase of the depth of the weak interlayer, and gradually decreases with the increase of the inclination of the weak interlayer. The pressing foot of slope can be used in landslide control of slope with weak interlayers, and the optimal pressing foot solution to ensure the safe mining of final slope coal resources was determined to be a pressing foot height of 35 m and pressing foot width of 20 m.

On homogeneous square Einstein metrics

Shaoqiang Deng,Xingda Liu 대한수학회 2017 대한수학회보 Vol.54 No.3

We prove that a homogeneous square Einstein Finsler metric is either Riemannian or flat.

Heat jet approach for finite temperature atomic simulations of two-dimensional square lattice

Liu, Baiyili,Tang, Shaoqiang 테크노프레스 2016 Multiscale and multiphysics mechanics Vol.1 No.3

We propose a heat jet approach for a two-dimensional square lattice with nearest neighbouring harmonic interaction. First, we design a two-way matching boundary condition that linearly relates the displacement and velocity at atoms near the boundary, and a suitable input in terms of given incoming wave modes. Then a phonon representation for finite temperature lattice motion is adopted. The proposed approach is simple and compact. Numerical tests validate the effectiveness of the boundary condition in reflection suppression for outgoing waves. It maintains target temperature for the lattice, with expected kinetic energy distribution and heat flux. Moreover, its linear nature facilitates reliable finite temperature atomic simulations with a correct description for non-thermal motions.

Heat jet approach for finite temperature atomic simulations of two-dimensional square lattice

Liu, Baiyili,Tang, Shaoqiang Techno-Press 2016 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.5 No.4

We propose a heat jet approach for a two-dimensional square lattice with nearest neighbouring harmonic interaction. First, we design a two-way matching boundary condition that linearly relates the displacement and velocity at atoms near the boundary, and a suitable input in terms of given incoming wave modes. Then a phonon representation for finite temperature lattice motion is adopted. The proposed approach is simple and compact. Numerical tests validate the effectiveness of the boundary condition in reflection suppression for outgoing waves. It maintains target temperature for the lattice, with expected kinetic energy distribution and heat flux. Moreover, its linear nature facilitates reliable finite temperature atomic simulations with a correct description for non-thermal motions.

ON HOMOGENEOUS SQUARE EINSTEIN METRICS

Deng, Shaoqiang,Liu, Xingda Korean Mathematical Society 2017 대한수학회보 Vol.54 No.3

We prove that a homogeneous square Einstein Finsler metric is either Riemannian or flat.

Declined Preoperative Aspartate Aminotransferase to Neutrophil Ratio Index Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma after Hepatectomy

Lingyun Liu,Wei Wang,Yi Zhang,Jianting Long,Zhaohui Zhang,Qiao Li,Bin Chen,Shaoqiang Li,Yunpeng Hua,Shunli Shen,Baogang Peng 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.2

Purpose Various inflammation-based prognostic biomarkers such as the platelet to lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, are related to poor survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of the aspartate aminotransferase to neutrophil ratio index (ANRI) in ICC after hepatic resection. Materials and Methods Data of 184 patients with ICC after hepatectomy were retrospectively reviewed. The cut-off value of ANRI was determined by a receiver operating characteristic curve. Preoperative ANRI and clinicopathological variables were analyzed. The predictive value of preoperative ANRI for prognosis of ICC was identified by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The optimal cut-off value of ANRI was 6.7. ANRI was associated with tumor size, tumor recurrence, white blood cell, neutrophil count, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine transaminase. Univariate analysis showed that ANRI, sex, tumor number, tumor size, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, resection margin, clinical TNM stage, neutrophil count, and carcinoembryonic antigen were markedly correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with ICC. Multivariable analyses revealed that ANRI, a tumor size > 6 cm, poor tumor differentiation, and an R1 resection margin were independent prognostic factors for both OS and DFS. Additionally, preoperative ANRI also had a significant value to predict prognosis in various subgroups of ICC, including serum hepatitis B surface antigennegative and preoperative elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 patients. Conclusion Preoperative declined ANRI is a noninvasive, simple, and effective predictor of poor prognosis in patients with ICC after hepatectomy.

SKP2 Contributes to AKT Activation by Ubiquitination Degradation of PHLPP1, Impedes Autophagy, and Facilitates the Survival of Thyroid Carcinoma

Chongwen Xu,Yuan Shao,Wanli Ren,Hao Dai,Fangli Yang,Xiang Li,Shaoqiang Zhang,Junsong Liu,Xiaobao Yao,Qian Zhao,Xin Sun,Zhiwei Zheng 한국분자세포생물학회 2023 Molecules and cells Vol.46 No.6

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common subtype of thyroid carcinoma. Despite a good prognosis, approximately a quarter of PTC patients are likely to relapse. Previous reports suggest an association between S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) and the prognosis of thyroid cancer. SKP1 is related to apoptosis of PTC cells; however, its role in PTC remains largely elusive. This study aimed to understand the expression and molecular mechanism of SKP2 in PTC. SKP2 expression was upregulated in PTC tissues and closely associated with clinical diagnosis. In vitro and in vivo knockdown of SKP2 expression in PTC cells suppressed cell growth and proliferation and induced apoptosis. SKP2 depletion promoted cell autophagy under glucose deprivation. SKP2 interacted with PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase-1 (PHLPP1), triggering its degradation by ubiquitination. Furthermore, SKP2 activates the AKT-related pathways via PHLPP1, which leads to the cytoplasmic translocation of SKP2, indicating a reciprocal regulation between SKP2 and AKT. In conclusion, the upregulation of SKP2 leads to PTC proliferation and survival, and the regulatory network among SKP2, PHLPP1, and AKT provides novel insight into the molecular basis of SKP2 in tumor progression.