Mobile wireless ad-hoc network routing protocols comparison for real-time military application

Shams Al Ajraw,Bang Tran 대한공간정보학회 2024 Spatial Information Research Vol.32 No.1

Mobile wireless Ad-hoc has become more popular because it forms quickly, has an easy setup, and has easy extensibility. The mobile ad-hoc wireless networks can be further classified according to their applications as follows: Regular user ad-hoc networks are commercial communication that applies to vehicles to help avoid collisions and accidents and live connections to transfer data from car to car. Another application is disaster rescue ad-hoc networking, usually used when a normal infrastructure network is destroyed by storms, earthquakes, tsunamis, etc. Nowadays, a lot of applications, particularly those related to the military and emergency situations, rely on mobile ad hoc wireless networks, where security needs are more challenging to provide than in regular networks. We present the tactical network needs for the military. This platform attempts to assess the possible advantages of mobile ad hoc networks in tactical military applications. This work proposes route discovery using reactive (on-demand) routing protocols where nodes need to just transfer data. This eliminates the requirement for each node to store and maintain any routing tables. This study presents and contrasts the benefits and drawbacks of two fundamental mobile ad hoc routing systems (AODV and DSR). Both protocols are On-Demand routing techniques, and when data needs to be sent, the discovery phase begins. The results of the simulation, the AODV routing approach outperforms the DSV routing method under identical simulated conditions. Mobile wireless Ad-hoc has become more popular because it forms quickly, has an easy setup, and has easy extensibility. The mobile ad-hoc wireless networks can be further classified according to their applications as follows: Regular user ad-hoc networks are commercial communication that applies to vehicles to help avoid collisions and accidents and live connections to transfer data from car to car. Another application is disaster rescue ad-hoc networking, usually used when a normal infrastructure network is destroyed by storms, earthquakes, tsunamis, etc. Nowadays, a lot of applications, particularly those related to the military and emergency situations, rely on mobile ad hoc wireless networks, where security needs are more challenging to provide than in regular networks. We present the tactical network needs for the military. This platform attempts to assess the possible advantages of mobile ad hoc networks in tactical military applications. This work proposes route discovery using reactive (on-demand) routing protocols where nodes need to just transfer data. This eliminates the requirement for each node to store and maintain any routing tables. This study presents and contrasts the benefits and drawbacks of two fundamental mobile ad hoc routing systems (AODV and DSR). Both protocols are OnDemand routing techniques, and when data needs to be sent, the discovery phase begins. The results of the simulation, the AODV routing approach outperforms the DSV routing method under identical simulated conditions.

Drag reduction on a square cylinder using multiple detached control cylinders

Shams-Ul-Islam,Raheela Manzoor,Umar Khan,Ghazala Nazeer,Sehrish Hassan 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.5

A two-dimensional numerical simulation for flow over a main cylinder with detached controlling cylinders placed at differentposition is performed through Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) to reduce fluid forces. For this study the Reynolds number (Re) isfixed at 160, while gap ratio between these cylinders are taken in the range from 0.5 to 8. The results yield in terms of vorticity, timeseriesanalysis of drag and lift coefficients, power spectra of lift coefficients and force statistics. Depending on gap spacing, flow isclassified into four different patterns, called as (i) single blender body, (ii) shear layer reattachment, (iii) fully developed flow and (iv)vortex suppression fully developed flow patterns. In comparison of all three configurations, it is examined that the maximum value ofCdmean and Strouhal number occurs for downstream configuration. Whereas, upstream and dual configuration play a vital role toreduce forces and to suppress vortex shedding. The maximum reduction found in mean drag coefficient for downstream, upstreamand for dual configuration is 8.3%, 51% and 50.8%, respectively. Whereas, the reduction in Clrms values for all three configurationsis 84.4%, 58.2% and 86.4% , respectively.

A Novel 3-DOF Optical Force Sensor for Wearable Robotic Arm

Shams, Sarmad,Kim, Dong-Su,Choi, Youn-Sung,Han, Chang-Soo 한국정밀공학회 2011 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.12 No.4

This paper presents a novel 3-DOF optical force sensor for the wearable robotic arm. Precise sensing of human motion is still a challenge. As human motion detection sensors are expected to generate the real time data, with simultaneous measurement of multiple degrees of freedom. The optical sensing is considered to be standard for monitoring the human motion. The optical sensor is consists of high speed camera with integrated DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The DSP use to detect the changes in the sequence of frames to calculate the direction and displacement of its motion in a plane. On the other hand optical sensor eliminates the requirement of being in contact with the subject. Hand is the end-effecter of the arm and can be controlled by a 3-DOF (degree of freedom) shoulder, 2-DOF elbow and 2-DOF wrist joint. In this paper we present a new technique to measure the human's hand movement in 3 dimensions translation frame. An intelligent computational method for this sensory system to measure the applied force is also developed. The optical force sensor was calibrated and then several experiments were conducted to check the feasibility of sensory system with the wearable robotic arm.

Improved AntHocNet with Bidirectional Path Setup and Loop Avoidance

Shams ur Rahman(라프만 샴스 우르),Jae-Choong Nam(남재충),Ajmal Khan(아즈말 칸),You-Ze Cho(조유제) 한국통신학회 2017 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.42 No.1

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis in a 5 Years Old Female Child: A Unique Case Report

( Shams Uddin ),( Kaleem Ullah ),( Abdul Wahab Dogar ),( Syed Hasnain Abbas ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis in a 5 Years Old Female Child: A Unique Case Report

( Shams Uddin ),( Kaleem Ullah ),( Abdul Wahab Dogar ),( Syed Hasnain Abbas ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

Suppression of fluid force on flow past a square cylinder with a detached flat plate at low Reynolds number for various spacing ratios

Shams-Ul-Islam,Hamid Rahman,Waqas Sarwar Abbasi,Uzma Noreen,Aftab Khan 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.12

A numerical study for flow past a square cylinder in a two-dimensional channel with a detached flat plate is investigated in this paper. A flat plate is detached downstream in order to control the flow around and behind the square cylinder. Fluid forces acting on the squarecylinder, wake structure mechanism and vortex shedding frequency are presented systematically for different Reynolds numbers andspacing ratios. Effects of Reynolds numbers upon physical parameters are also studied. Variation of Reynolds number is from 75 to 200,based on the incoming flow velocity and width of cylinder. The lattice Boltzmann method is used for this numerical investigation. In thisstudy, we choose three different spacing ratios namely closely, moderately and widely. Numerical studies show that some physical parameterssignificantly reduced by the detached flat plate for closely spacing ratio. The results which we obtained in this investigation areauthentic in the sense that some other experimental observations by different authors can be deduced from our results.

Numerical investigation of fluid flow past a square cylinder using upstream, downstream and dual splitter plates

Shams Ul Islam,Raheela Manzoor,Zhou Chao Ying,Mohammad Mehdi Rashdi,A. Khan 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.2

A two-dimensional numerical study is carried out to analyze the drag reduction and vortex shedding suppression behind a square cylinder in presence of splitter plate arranged in upstream, downstream and both upstream and downstream location at low Reynolds number (Re = 160). Computations are performed using a Single relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method (SRT-LBM). Firstly, the code is validated for flow past a single square cylinder. The obtained results are compared to those available in literature and found to be in good agreement. Numerical simulations are performed in the ranges of 1 ≤ L ≤ 4 and 0 ≤ g ≤ 7, where L and g are the length of splitter plate and gap spacing between the splitter plate and main square cylinder, respectively. The effect of these parameters on the vortex shedding frequency, time-trace analysis of drag and lift coefficients, power spectra analysis of lift coefficient, vorticity contours visualization and force exerted on the cylinder are quantified together with the observed flow patterns around the main cylinder and within the gap spacings. The observed results are also compared with a single square cylinder without splitter plate. We found that at some combinations of L and g, the mean drag coefficient and Strouhal number reach either its maximum or minimum value. It is found that the drag is reduced up to 62.2 %, 13.3 % and 70.2 % for upstream, downstream and dual splitter plates, respectively as compared to a single square cylinder (without splitter plate). In addition, in this paper we also discussed the applications of SRT-LBM for suppression of vortex shedding and reduction of the drag coefficients.

Electrocardiographic artefacts mimicking atrial tachycardia resulted in unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic measures

Shams Y-Hassan,Christer Sylvén 대한내과학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.28 No.2

Electrocardiographic (ECG) artefacts may closely simulate both supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias. We describe a case initially diagnosed as rapid atrial fibrillation, based on 12-lead surface ECG (especially the limb leads) and monitor tracing. The arrhythmia was resistant to beta blockers. Because of the at times apparently regular rhythm, an esophageal ECG recording was performed, and adenosine was administered. When the presumed atrial fibrillation terminated after sodium pentothal was administered while preparing for electrical cardioversion, the oesophageal ECG recordings and the ECGs during adenosine administration were reviewed. An ECG artefact diagnosis was suspected, and then confirmed,during relapse of the “arrhythmia,” with simple palpation of the radial pulse and cardiac auscultation.

ON ω-CHEBYSHEV SUBSPACES IN BANACH SPACES

Shams, Maram,Mazaheri, Hamid,Vaezpour, Sayed Mansour Korean Mathematical Society 2008 대한수학회보 Vol.45 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and discuss the concept of ${\omega}$-Chebyshev subspaces in Banach spaces. The concept of quasi Chebyshev in Banach space is defined. We show that ${\omega}$-Chebyshevity of subspaces are a new class in approximation theory. In this paper, also we consider orthogonality in normed spaces.