A scientific approach to measure public political participation in Pakistan

Shah Nawaz Mangi,Naimatullah Shah,Bahadur Ali Soomro 서울대학교행정대학원 2019 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.27 No.1

Public political participation is an exhaustive subject in the democratic system that is contributing as a tilled land since the birth of democracy. It has a wide range of frequency, but voting is one of the easiest among all forms of public participation. Despite the easiness of voting, Pakistan ranks 164th in terms of voter turnout among 169 countries of the world. The voter turnout of the second largest Muslim democracy and the fifth largest among all the democratic states was recorded as 45.3% in the 2013 general election, which was less than India’s (59.4%) and even Bangladesh’s (58.2%). More than half of the population in Pakistan does not think it is its duty to cast its vote. The present study is an effort to investigate public political participation through six independent variables: democratic political party, party mobilization, security, accessibility, leadership image and moderating factor citizen distrust, and a useful sample size of 1884 was collected across the country. SPSS version 24.0 was used to measure the data. The results show significant and positive relations among the dependent and independent variables, while citizen distrust negatively moderates the dependent and independent variables of the study.

On the Left and Right Almost Hyperideals of LA-Semihypergroups

Shah Nawaz,Muhammad Gulistan,Nasreen Kausar,Salahuddin,Mohammad Munir 한국지능시스템학회 2021 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.21 No.1

In this paper, we define left almost hyperideals, right almost hyperideals, almost hyperideals, and minimal almost hyperideals. We demonstrate that the intersection of almost hyperideals is not required to be an almost hyperideal, but the union of almost hyperideals is an almost hyperideal, which is completely different from the classical algebraic concept of the ideal theory.

First Record of Porpita porpita (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Coral Reef Ecosystem, Bangladesh

M. Shah Nawaz Chowdhury,S. M. Sharifuzzaman,Sayedur Rahman Chowdhury,Md. Rashed-Un-Nabi,M. Shahadat Hossain 한국해양과학기술원 2016 Ocean science journal Vol.51 No.2

The occurrence of Porpita porpita is reported, for the first time, in the coral island of St. Martin’s located in the southeastern coastal region of Bangladesh. P. porpita was found to occur in the lower littoral zone and beach rock pools, together with molluscan species, and collected during the pre-monsoon season when both water temperature (> 30°C) and salinity (> 30‰) tend to reach a maximum. This study recounts some details on the discovery and description of the species, and thus extends the global distribution and range limits of the genus Porpita.

Vibration analysis of submerged thin FGM cylindrical shells

Muhammad Nawaz Naeem,Madiha Gamkhar,Shahid Hussain Arshad,Abdul Ghafar Shah 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.3

This study gives a brief work on vibration characteristics of cylindrical shells submerged in an incompressible fluid. The shell is presumed to be structured from functionally graded material. The effect of the fluid is introduced by using the acoustic wave equation. Love’s first order thin shell theory is utilized in the shell dynamical equations. The problem is framed by combining shell dynamical equations with the acoustic wave equation. Fluid-loaded terms are associated with Hankel function of second kind. Wave propagation approach is employed to solve the shell problem. Some comparisons of numerical results are performed for the natural frequencies of simply supported-simply supported, clamped-clamped and clamped-simply supported boundary conditions of isotropic as well as functionally graded cylindrical shells to check the validity of the present approach. The influence of fluid on the submerged functionally graded cylindrical shells is noticed to be very pronounced.

Increasing Network Lifetime and Data Transfer through Node Vulnerability Aware Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Rahim Khan,Shah Nawaz Khan,Mushtaq Ahmad 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7

In this paper, we propose a routing technique that takes into account the importance of a particular node for the overall network connectivity for routing. We show that some nodes are more important than others and need to be used sporadically for data forwarding. Avoiding the use of such important nodes results in prolonging network lifetime and maximizing the data transfer. Simulation results are shown to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

Institutional Information Management and Automation System

M.Ahmad Nawaz Ul Ghani,Taimour Nazar,Syed Zeeshan Hussain Shah Gellani,Zaman Ashraf International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.8

World is moving towards digitization at a rapid pace, so the enterprises have developed information systems for management of their business. Empowering educational institutes with information systems are become very important and vital. Doing everything manually is very difficult for students, teachers and staff. Information system can enhance their efficiency and save a lot of time; this research proposed system will solve this issue by providing services like class room reservation, e-library facility, online submission etc. in a secured environment. Up till now limited attention has been paid to utilize robots and drones for automation inside educational institutes. Our proposed system incorporates robots and drones to fill this gap in automation being used in institutes. Through this research, the aim is to improve the efficiency of learning and services in educational institutions or universities.

Functional characterization of naturally occurring wild soybean mutant (<i>sg-5</i>) lacking astringent saponins using whole genome sequencing approach

Rehman, Hafiz Mamoon,Nawaz, Muhammad Amjad,Shah, Zahid Hussain,Yang, Seung Hwan,Chung, Gyuhwa Elsevier 2018 Plant science Vol.267 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Triterpenoid saponins are one of the most highly accumulated groups of functional components in soybean (<I>Glycine max</I>) and the oxidative reactions during their biosynthesis are required for their aglycone diversity. Natural mutants of soyasaponins in wild soybean (<I>Glycine soja</I>) are valuable resources for establishing the soyasaponin biosynthesis pathway and breeding new soybean varieties. In this study, we investigated the genetic mechanism behind the absence of group A saponins in a Korean wild soybean mutant, CWS5095. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of CWS5095 identified four point mutations [Val6 → Asp, Ile231 → Thr, His294 → Gln, and Arg376 → Lys] in <I>CYP72A69</I> (<I>Glyma15g39090</I>), which oxygenate the C-21 position of soyasapogenol B or other intermediates to produce soyasapogenol A, leading to group A saponin production. An <I>in vitro</I> enzyme activity assay of single-sited mutated clones indicated that the Arg376 > Lys mutation (a highly conserved mutation based on a nucleotide change from G → A at the 1,127th position) may lead to loss of gene function in the <I>sg-5</I> mutant. A very high normalized expression value of 377 reads per kilo base per million (RPKM) of <I>Glyma15g39090</I> in the hypocotyl axis at the early maturation seed-development stage confirmed their abundant presence in seed hypocotyls. A molecular dynamics analysis of the Arg376 > Lys mutation based on the <I>CYP3A4</I> (a human CYP450) protein structure found that it was responsible for the increase in axis length toward the heme (active site), which is critically important for biological activity and ligand binding. Our results provide important information on how to eradicate bitter and astringent saponins in soybean by utilizing the reported mutation in <I>Glyma15g39090</I>, and its importance for seed hypocotyl development based on transcript abundance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The reported <I>sg</I>-5 mutant provides a unique genetic resource to eradicate group A saponins, which are bitter and astringent in taste. </LI> <LI> <I>CYP72A69</I> gene, oxygenate the C-21 position of soyasapogenol B to produce soyasapogenol A. </LI> <LI> Arg376 > Lys mutation in a <I>CYP72A69</I> gene in soybean may lead to loss of gene function in the <I>sg</I>-5 mutant. </LI> <LI> Arg376 > Lys mutation based on the <I>CYP3A4</I> (a human CYP450) protein structure change the axis length toward the heme (active site). </LI> </UL> </P>

Impacts of Demographics on Citizen’s Access to Information: An Empirical Study of District Dera Ismail Khan, North Western Frontier Province, Pakistan

Najeebullah Khan,Bahadar Shah,Allah Nawaz 한국사회복지학회 2008 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.2 No.2

The impact of demographic dimensions on local government behavior is well identified, analyzedand documented at the global level. Likewise, several studies are available on developing countries,but empirical evidence on the conditions of Pakistan is lacking. This study is an effort to unearthempirical evidence on access to information in the local government system exemplifying data fromthe district Dera Ismail Khan (DIK), North Western Frontier Province (NWFP). Most globalhypotheses for developing countries are accepted in this study but the statistics on local data arefar more different in terms of the value and weight of variables, relationships and impacts on theresearch concepts. The most dominant concept in the impact of access to information on the localgovernment system is ‘‘education for all.’’ Mass education is a leading concept in making or breakingthe role of people participation in the success or failure of local democracies. Data show thatilliteracy is causing many problems, including the mass population’s unawareness of their interestsand duties at the public level, thereby giving the ruling elite a free hand in exploiting publicresources for self-interest, at the cost of the public good.

Beijing’s cultural diplomacy efforts in Pakistan: Building soft image through internet sources

Abdul Razaque Larik,Shah Nawaz Mangi,Syed Gulzar Ali Shah Bukhari 한국국제정치학회 2022 The Korean Journal of International Studies Vol.20 No.3

This study investigated the role of internet sources in depicting China’s cultural soft image in Pakistan. Using mixed-method approach, it examined six Chinese culturally-oriented web sources and employed the conceptualization of Hartig (2016). Chinese cultural diplomacy in Pakistan was found engaging a wide range of actors, allowing for local actors to play active role, using modern media, and promoting cultural content interactively. The results suggest positive contribution of China Xinhua Urdu, Youlin Magazine, China Radio International Urdu and Pakistan China Institute internet sources. The Culture & Arts page of Chinese Embassy in Pakistan and Nihao-Salam websites were found dormant. The results found females, older and more educated individuals to be more likely to perceive positively-oriented experiences about Chinese culture than their counterparts. The study highlights that more enriched means and improved content on the internet sources should be brought to attract more male, younger, ordinary, and less educated internet users.

Genome-wide analysis of Family-1 UDP-glycosyltransferases in soybean confirms their abundance and varied expression during seed development

Mamoon Rehman, H.,Amjad Nawaz, M.,Bao, L.,Hussain Shah, Z.,Lee, J.M.,Ahmad, M.Q.,Chung, G.,Yang, S.H. G. Fischer 2016 Journal of plant physiology Vol.206 No.-

<P>Family-1 UDP-glycosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.x; UGTs) are enzymes that glycosylate aglycones into glycoside-associated compounds with improved transport and water solubility. This glycosylation mechanism is vital to plant functions, such as regulation of hormonal homeostasis, growth and development, xenobiotic detoxification, stress response, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Here, we report a genome-wide analysis of soybean that identified 149 putative UGTs based on 44 conserved plant secondary product glycosyl-transferase (PSPG) motif amino acid sequences. Phylogenetic analysis against 22 referenced UGTs from Arabidopsis and maize clustered the putative UGTs into 15 major groups (A-O); J, K, and N were not represented, but the UGTs were distributed across all chromosomes except chromosome 04. Leucine was the most abundant amino acid across all 149 UGT peptide sequences. Two conserved introns (C-1 and C-2) were detected in the most intron-containing UGTs. Publicly available microarray data on their maximum expression in the seed developmental stage were further confirmed using Affymetrix soybean IVT array and RNA sequencing data. The UGT expression models were designed, based on reads per kilobase of gene model per million mapped read (RPKM) values confirmed their maximally varied expression at globular and early maturation stages of seed development. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.</P>