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Fillers in the Hong Kong Corpus of Spoken English (HKCSE)
Seto, Andy Institute for Corpus Research 2021 Asia pacific journal of corpus research Vol.2 No.1
The present study employed an analytical framework that is characterised by a synthesis of quantitative and qualitative analyses with a specially designed computer software SpeechActConc to examine speech acts in business communication. The naturally occurring data from the audio recordings and the prosodic transcriptions of the business sub-corpora of the HKCSE (prosodic) are manually annotated with a speech act taxonomy for finding out the frequency of fillers, the co-occurring patterns of fillers with other speech acts, and the linguistic realisations of fillers. The discoursal function of fillers to sustain the discourse or to hold the floor has diverse linguistic realisations, ranging from a sound (e.g. 'uhuh') and a word (e.g. 'well') to sounds (e.g. 'um er') and words, namely phrase ('sort of') and clause (e.g. 'you know'). Some are even combinations of sound(s) and word(s) (e.g. 'and um', 'yes er um', 'sort of erm'). Among the top five frequent linguistic realisations of fillers, 'er' and 'um' are the most common ones found in all the six genres with relatively higher percentages of occurrence. The remaining more frequent realisations consist of clause ('you know'), word ('yeah') and sound ('erm'). These common forms are syntactically simpler than the less frequent realisations found in the genres. The co-occurring patterns of fillers and other speech acts are diverse. The more common co-occurring speech acts with fillers include informing and answering. The findings show that fillers are not only frequently used by speakers in spontaneous conversation but also mostly represented in sounds or non-linguistic realisations.
QT-interval prolongation due to medication found in the preoperative evaluation
Seto, Mika,Koga, Sayo,Kita, Ryosuke,Kikuta, Toshihiro The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2017 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.17 No.4
QT prolongation is an electrocardiographic change that can lead to lethal arrhythmia. Acquired QT prolongation is known to be caused by drugs and electrolyte abnormalities. We report three cases in which the prolonged QT interval was improved at the time of operation by briefly discontinuing the drugs suspected to have caused the QT prolongation observed on preoperative electrocardiography. The QTc of cases 1, 2, and 3 improved from 518 to 429 ms, 463 to 441 ms, and 473 to 443 ms on discontinuing the use of a gastrointestinal prokinetic agent, a proton pump inhibitor, and a molecular targeted drug, respectively. These cases were considered to have drug-induced QT prolongation. We reaffirmed that even drugs administered for conditions unrelated to cardiac diseases can have adverse side effect of QT prolongation. In conclusion, our cases indicate that dental surgeons should be aware of the dangerous and even potentially lethal side effects of QT prolongation. For safe oral and maxillofacial surgery, cooperation with medical departments in various fields is important.
Wisdom teeth extraction in a patient with moyamoya disease
Mika Seto,Naoko Aoyagi,Sayo Koga,Toshihiro Kikuta 대한구강악안면외과학회 2013 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.39 No.6
Moyamoya disease is a rare neurovascular disorder that involves constriction of certain arteries in the brain. In patients with moyamoya disease, it is very important to prevent cerebral ischemic attacks and intracerebral bleeding caused by fluctuating blood pressure and increased respiration. A 40-year-old woman with moyamoya disease was scheduled for extraction of her right upper and lower impacted wisdom teeth. Her lower impacted wisdom tooth was situated close to the inferior alveolar nerve. We decided to continue her oral antiplatelet therapy and planned intravenous sedation with analgesic agents administered approximately five minutes prior to extraction of the root of the mandibular wisdom tooth. Oral analgesic medications were regularly administered postoperatively to alleviate pain and anxiety. During the perioperative period, no cerebrovascular event occurred, and the wisdom teeth were successfully extracted as per the planned procedure. It is thought that the perioperative risks of wisdom tooth extraction in patients with moyamoya disease can be minimized with the use of our protocols.
Mika Seto,Haruhiko Furuta,Yumiko Sakamoto,Toshihiro Kikuta 대한구강악안면외과학회 2011 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.37 No.3
Introduction: Intravenous sedation is performed to ensure smooth and safe surgery. Dental anxiety is a reaction to an unknown danger. The Spielberger’s state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) can be used to simultaneously evaluate the levels of state and trait anxiety. State anxiety is defined as subjective feelings of nervousness. This study assessed the presurgical anxiety using STAI and performed intravenous sedation for patients whose level of state anxiety was > stage IV. Based on our clinical experience, it is believed that higher doses of sedatives are needed to induce the desired levels of sedation in patients with a high level of state anxiety. Objectives: This study examined whether the sedative consumption of the patient with a high anxiety level increased. Patients and Methods: Patients with state anxiety scores of ≥51 were included in Group V, and those with state anxiety scores ranging from 42 to 50 were placed in Group IV. To induce sedation, intravenous access was established, and a bolus dose of 3.0 mg midazolam was administered intravenously. Sedation was maintained by administering a continuous infusion of propofol, which was aimed at achieving an Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scale of 10-12/20. In this study, midazolam was initially administered when the body movements appeared to occur or the blood pressure increased. This was followed by the administration of higher doses of propofol if low sedation was observed. Results: There were no significant differences in the patient demographics, duration of sedation, and doses of local anaesthetic agents between Groups IV and V. The midazolam dose and mean propofol dose needed to maintain comparable levels of sedation were significantly higher in Group V than in Group IV. Conclusion: In female patients, whose level of preoperative state anxiety is more than Stage V of STAI, a large quantity of sedatives is needed for intravenous sedation.
Emissions from Deep Levels in Hydrothermal Grown ZnO Substrates
Satoru Seto,Satoru Yamada,Kazuhiko Suzuki,Kenji Yoshino 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5
Undoped ZnO single-crystal substrates grown by using the hydrothermal method purchased from Tokyo Denpa Co. Ltd. (Japan) and SPC Goodwill Co. Ltd. (Russia) have been evaluated using low-temperature photoluminescence measurements. The broad deep emission bands in the two kinds of substrates can be decomposed into two Gaussian peaks: one located at 2.1 - 2.2 eV and the other at 2.4 - 2.5 eV, which are called the yellow band and the green band, respectively. the temperature dependence of the peak energy of the broad band could be explained by using the dierence between the temperature quenching rates of the green and the yellow bands.
What is the best long-term treatment plan for ALK rearranged NSCLC?
( Takashi Seto ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-
A variety of actionable gene alterations have been identified in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), include ALK rearrangements (3-5% of tumors), ROS1 rearrangements (1-2% of tumors), BRAF-V600E mutations (1-3% of tumors, MET exon 14 skipping mutations (2-4% of tumors), high-level MET amplification (1-2% of tumors), RET rearrangements (1% of tumors) and ERBB2 mutations (2-3% of tumors). In the last few years, precision medicine has progressed in the treatment of oncogene-driven NSCLC. Regarding ALK rearrangements lung cancer, crizotinib, the first-in-class ALK/ROS1/MET inhibitor, established as the standard first-line therapy for advanced ALK-positive NSCLC. In the last few years, novel potent ALK inhibitors showed promising results. After the development of crizotinib resistance, next-generation ALK inhibitors show the efficacy in the majority of crizotinib refractory patients. In recent phase III studies, alectinib, 2nd generation ALK inhibitor, has showed significant improvement in PFS compared crizotinib. However, mature survival data is not yet reported. Ongoing Phase III studies that compared first-line brigatinib, ensartinib, and lorlatinib with crizotinib have not yet been reported. Therefore, optimal sequential therapy for prolonging survival remains unclear. In this session, I will mention evolving treatment approaches for ALK rearranged NSCLC and share future landscape for the treatment journey for patients with oncogene-driven NSCLC.