합성하수를 이용한 금속 막의 정밀여과 특성 및 막 오염 제어

정종태,김종오,김학균,김석구,이용재 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study was to evaluate the filtration performance of metal membrane with synthetic wastewater and to investigate the effective control of membrane fouling using ozone backwashing. The increase of substrate concentration caused the increase of cake layer resistance and total resistance, however, plugging resistance decreased. Total resistance of metal membrane was mainly attributed to the permeate resistance of cake layer, which was formed by deposited particles from the physico-chemical interactions of solids on membrane surface. Intermittent ozone backwashing was more effective then the air backwashing for fouling reduction. The permeation flux recovery of air backwashing decreased over 50%, however, ozone backwashing decreased less than 10% for 4 hours filtration. This may be ascribed to the degradation of foulants in pore structure by the strong oxidation of ozone and physical exfoliation of cake layer on membrane surface with backwashing.

평생교육기관의 교육서비스 제고를 위한 중요한 순간(MOT) 탐색

이성엽,김석구 안암교육학회 2012 한국교육학연구 Vol.18 No.2

The objectives of this article is to search learner’s impressive MOT(moments of truth) in participating lifelong education programs and contact-staff’s activities at lifelong education institutes for costumer’s satisfaction. Research method for solving the purpose of this study applies Delphi method. Delphi group was formed Professional training services and Educational operations professionals who work at Lifelong Education Institute, Human Resources Development Center, HRD departments of companies, etc. Findings of this study are 26 MOTs received the impression to learners, and contact-staff’s 54 activities that affect customer satisfaction. Several of Important MOTs are listening to lectures, contacting with instructors, introducing to the overall curriculum, connecting occupation or volunteer activities, answering from the staff on customer questions etc. Several of contact-staff’s important activities are expertise on education program, friendly and accurate responses, quick action on discomfort and relaxed consultation, good impression and a smile, kindness and caring attitude, providing learners to meet the learning content, fair and meaningful evaluation, focusing on assessment whether to achieve the objectives of the program, the overall description on program operating, active support for the goal to have confidence, providing information about employment and volunteer activities etc. 평생교육기관의 교육서비스는 프로그램에 참여하는 학습자들의 만족에 직결되어 있음에도 교육서비스의 질적 개선을 위한 실천연구가 부족하였다. 본 연구는 평생교육기관의 교육프 로그램에 참여한 학습자들이 감동받은 순간은 언제인지 결정적인 순간 즉, MOT(Moments of truth)를 탐색하는 것과 만족 혹은 불만족에 영향을 미치는 접점직원의 활동은 무엇인지 를 탐색하는 것이다. 연구방법은 전문가 집단을 구성하여 델파이 조사를 하였다. 연구결과 26개의 MOT와 54개의 중요한 활동이 도출되었다. 학습자들이 감동받은 중요한 순간들은 수업을 듣는 순간, 프로그램 관련 전반적인 교육과정을 소개받는 순간, 교.강사를 접하는 순간, 취업이나 자원봉사활동과 연계되는 순간, 학습자의 문의사항에 직원의 답변을 듣는 순간이 우선순위가 높았다. 학습자들에게 만족 혹은 불만족에 영향을 주는 중요한 직원들 의 활동은 프로그램에 대한 정확한 정보와 응답에 대한 전문지식 구비, 프로그램 관련 학 습자의 질문에 대한 정확한 대답, 프로그램 운영에 관한 전반적인 설명 제공, 프로그램의 최종목표를 정확하게 제공, 고객의 요구에 맞는 학습내용 준비, 학습자와 눈을 마주치며 성 실한 강의, 질문 시 질문에 대해 알기 쉬운 답변, 요구사항에 대한 피드백 제공, 좋은 인상 과 미소, 친절함과 배려, 언제 어디서나 원하는 상담시스템 구비, 공정하고 의미가 있는 평 가, 프로그램의 목적이나 의도의 달성여부에 초점, 목표달성에 대한 자신감을 갖도록 지원, 취업 및 자원봉사활동 관련 정보 제공 등으로 나타났다.

Effects of Operational Parameters and Rate-limiting Substrate on VFAs Fermentation with Synthetic Sludge

Kim, Jong-Oh,Kim, Seog-Ku,Kim, Ree-Ho 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-

This research was focused on the effects of operational parameters and rate-limiting substrate on anaerobic VFAs(volatile fatty acids) fermentation. Optimal VFAs production conditions of pH, temperature were in the range of 5.5-6.5, 30-35℃, respectively, under given conditions. High VFAs conversion ratio was obtained at longer SRT. According to the increase of organic loading rate in the range of 2.8-11.3 (kgC/㎥/day), inhibition effect for VFAs production was not observed. The most abundant component of volatile fatty acid was acetic acid and the other components were occupied as following order; propionic, I-butyric, N-butyric, I-valeric and N-valeric acid. Regarding the rate-limiting substrate in acidogenic phase, the hydrolysis rate of soluble starches approaches that of peptone degradation, while it is hard to degrade cellulose over short SRT or 3 days. Hydrolysis of cellulose limits the rate of anaerobic fermentation.

Application of Filtration System to Control Urban Non-Point Pollution

Kim, Seog Ku,Kim, Young Im,Lee, Byung Cheol,Kang, Sung Won,Kang, Bong Moon,Kwak, Pill Jae,Ahn, Jae Hwan Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Materials science forum Vol.544 No.-

<P>Runoff from bridge impermeable surface is discharged directly into the receiving river or sewage pipe. However, generally, a bridge does not have sufficient space to place some treatment system. In this study, therefore, we investigated the down-flow filtration using expended polypropylene media (EPM) to treat runoff from bridge. Experiments were conducted employing down-flow filtration column (dh, 50600mm) to investigate the removal efficiency of pollutants. The EPM5, EPM10, EPM15 and f-EPM10 filters were developed from high molecular material, and were classified by different foaming rates and present of functional material. The experiment using f-EPM10 showed good hydraulic filtration performance without overflow for 1hr. But overflow, in the experiments using EPM5, EPM10 and EPM15, was observed within 1hr. Since f-EPM contains functional material, that can be improved water flow without clogging. The total SS removal efficiency of filtration equipment was rapidly decreased after overflow. In addition, a down-flow experiment, having slope of 15°, to avoid SS deposition at top of the column was carried out. Though SS deposition was found to be similar in two types flow, the flow of down-flow experiment, having slope of 15°, made progress without overflow for 3hr. This is because deposited SS didn’t intercept water inflow.</P>

Application of Media Manufactural by Waste Plastic to Stormwater Treatment in Urban Drainage System

Kim, Seog Ku,Yun, Sang Leen,Kim, Young Im,Kang, Sung Won,Lee, Yong Jae Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Materials science forum Vol.510 No.-

<P>While more attention has been paid in recent years to urban point source pollution control, no considerable measures have been taken to control urban non-point source pollution. Contaminants from non-point sources deposited on urban impermeable surfaces such as road and highway are easily released to the public waters by rainfall, leading to the deterioration in water quality in urban area. Experiments were performed using a reactor and real rainwater runoff obtained from road surfaces at various pollutant loading and rainfall intensity to determine the criteria for the first flush rainwater and to evaluate the applicability of the reactor for treating road runoff. The results at different rainfall intensities show that the medium PPB is superior to the other media for water permeability. PPB was not blocked at 10 mm/hr rainfall, and its permeability was stable. On the other hand, PVS and PPF resulted in a substantial overflow ratio even at 1 mm/hr rainfall intensity. Comparison of treatment efficiencies for suspended solids showed that all media showed similar removal efficiency ranging from 91% to 95%. However, PPB seems to be better than the other media considering its higher water permeability. PPB and PPF, both hydrophobic, yielded over 76% of heavy metal removal. But the hydrophilic media PVS showed much smaller removal efficiency ranging from 26% to 47%. The treatment efficiencies over PAHs (Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons) showed the similar removal efficiency ranging from 66% to 97% for all three media. In this study a reactor using filter media was investigated to reduce the level of contamination in urban road runoff.</P>

Evaluation Of Sulfur Circulation Leachate Management System

Seog Ku Kim,Mi Hee Kang,Jong Oh Kim 대한환경공학회 2002 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.7 No.3

Efficiency of Gypsum as a Capping Material for the Capturing of Phosphorus Release from Contaminated Lake Sediments

Kim, Seog Ku,Park, Yong Jin,Yun, Sang Leen,Lee, Mi Kyung Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Materials science forum Vol.544 No.-

<P>Lab-scale batch experiments using several 150-L transparent acrylic reactors were conducted to develop optimum capping materials that can capture phosphorous released from polluted lake sediments. The sediment used in the experiment was very fine clay (7.7 Φ in mean grain size), and organic carbon (Corg) content was as high as 2%. Four kinds of batches with different capping materials; powdered-gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), granular-gypsum, sand, composite material (gypsum+sand), and one control batch were operated for 45 days. Phosphorous fluxes released from bottom sediments in the control batch were estimated to be 4.3 mg·m-2·d-1, while 0.9 mg·m-2·d-1, 1.0 mg·m-2·d-1, 2.2 mg·m-2·d-1, and 0.5 mg·m-2·d-1 in the batch capped with powdered-gypsum, granular-gypsum, sand, and composite material, respectively. The results obtained from lab-scale batch experiments show that there were 80% reduction of phosphorous for some materials such as powdered-gypsum, granular-gypsum, and composite material, whereas sand only about 50%. Increase in apatite-P fraction (48% → 80%) in the gypsum batches, compared to the control batch, indicates that abundant Ca2+ and SO4 2- ions from the gypsum added into oxygen-depleted sediment surface might have supplied abundant oxygen by reducing the sulfate ions very actively, resulting in Ca-P precipitates.</P>

Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue by TiO2-coated Polypropylene Granules Irradiated by Sunlight

( Seog Ku Kim ),( Dong Seok Rhee ),( Sardor Abdukakharovich Mavlyankariev ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2007 공동 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2007 No.1

Remodeling Techniques of Water Storage Tanks and Residual Chlorine Remaining Devices

Kim, Seog Ku,Lee, Hyun Dong,Kwak, Pill Jae,Kim, So Jung,Hong, Seong Ho,Kim, Sung Jin,Choi, Ju Sol Scientific.Net 2007 Materials Science Forum Vol.544-545 No.-

<P>We developed the remodeling techniques of water storage tanks and the residual chlorine remaining devices. Eco-TIR((Total Internal Remodeling) is remodeling technique that cover the inside wall of concrete tank with SMC(Sheet Mold Compound) Block. Eco-SL(Stainless steel Lining) and Eco-GS(Glass sheet) is similar to Eco-TIR(Total Internal Remodeling) but stainless steel or glass tile is substituted for SMC block as a cover material. We tested the residual chlorine remaining devices and the results are as follows. First, it was estimated that mixing efficiency is increased if inflow energy to the water tank is used in the results of variation of residual chlorine concentration. Secondly, result showed that the removal percent of residual chlorine concentration was up to 90% by using ACF filter and feed water of high residual chlorine concentration can be controlled to 0.2mg/L〜0.4mg/L by using ACF and by-pass of inflow to the water tank. Also, in the water tank inlet pipe of 3-ways out using inflow energy is more effective in mixing than conventional inlet pipe. It is expected to enhance the safety of service water and management efficiency by applying mentioned techniques properly.</P>

Efficiency Evaluations of Filter Media for Reduction of Non Point Source in Urban Area

Kim, Seog Ku,Oh, Hye Cheol,Kang, Sung Won,Yun, Sang Leen,Ahn, Jae Hwan Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2010 Materials science forum Vol.658 No.-

<P>In this study, to effectively control urban non point source pollution, natural and artificial materials which were processed in various ways were charged as a filter media in a real size urban non point source pollution plant(EcoTank) and compared and evaluated the efficiency of filtering solid and organic compounds. The efficiency of filter media was evaluated after collecting dust from urban surface and artificially producing runoffs to evaluate runoff control efficiency of pollutants that caused from pollution in urban streets. To evaluate the efficiency of pollutants runoff control depending on different filter types, EPP(Expanded polypropylene), GAC(Granular activated carbon), Zeolite, Mix-1(EPP in the upper part, GAC in the lower part), Mix-2(GAC in the upper part, EPP in the lower part) was charged to the EcoTank and conducted experiments in an identical condition[6]. As a result of the filter evaluation using real size reactor, EPP was identified as the best filter media for non point source pollution runoff control, and the efficiency was in the following order: EPP > Mix-1 > Mix-2 > GAC > Zeolite.</P>