Identification of p54(nrb) and the 14-3-3 Protein HS1 as TNF-α-Inducible Genes Related to Cell Cycle Control and Apoptosis in Human Arterial Endothelial Cells

Sebastian Stier,Gudrun Totzke,Elisabeth Grunewald,Thomas Neuhaus,Stefan Fronhoffs,Silke Schoneborn,Hans Vetter,Yon Ko 한국생활환경학회 2005 BMB Reports Vol.38 No.4

Full-thickness Idiopathic Macular Hole in an Adolescent Male

Sebastian Derham,Riyaz Bhikoo 대한안과학회 2020 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.34 No.5

DEALING WITH NORTH KOREA: FROM BILATERALISM TO MULTILATERALISM

Sebastian Harnisch 통일연구원 2001 International journal of korean unification studie Vol.10 No.2

Conventional international relations wisdom suggests that bilateral and multilateral security institutions are mutually exclusive. In anarchic security environments, as smaller allies try to bind and balance more powerful allies in cooperation with other lesser ones, powerful nations resist multilateral institutions because they constrain their freedom of action. Thus, it is argued that the United States has preferred bilateral security alliances in East Asia rather than multilateral structures to address its security concerns in the region. Yet, in the last decade Washington has increasingly come to favor multilateral fora such as the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization (KEDO) and the Trilateral Coordination and Oversight Group (TCOG). To understand this rise of multilateralism and to evaluate its prospects on Korean peninsula, this article analyses the Bush administration’s North Korea policy as well as biand multilateral arrangements dealing with two crucial security problems: the North Korean ballistic missile program and Pyongyang’s Nuclear program. The article concludes by suggesting that bilateral alliances can be and indeed are reinforcing multilateral security arrangements and vice versa. Conventional international relations wisdom suggests that bilateral and multilateral security institutions are mutually exclusive. In anarchic security environments, as smaller allies try to bind and balance more powerful allies in cooperation with other lesser ones, powerful nations resist multilateral institutions because they constrain their freedom of action. Thus, it is argued that the United States has preferred bilateral security alliances in East Asia rather than multilateral structures to address its security concerns in the region. Yet, in the last decade Washington has increasingly come to favor multilateral fora such as the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization (KEDO) and the Trilateral Coordination and Oversight Group (TCOG). To understand this rise of multilateralism and to evaluate its prospects on Korean peninsula, this article analyses the Bush administration’s North Korea policy as well as biand multilateral arrangements dealing with two crucial security problems: the North Korean ballistic missile program and Pyongyang’s Nuclear program. The article concludes by suggesting that bilateral alliances can be and indeed are reinforcing multilateral security arrangements and vice versa.

Language for Deep Learning: Cognitive Explorative Action Games for Teacher-Learner Interactions

( Sebastian Feller ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2013 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.14 No.4

This paper explores the design of what I call explorative action games for teacher-learner interactions. I argue that explorative actions games scaffold the learner`s re-representation of knowledge in ways that facilitate higher-level thinking and deep reasoning. With reference to Weigand`s (2010) Theory of Dialogic Action Games, I introduce the minimal form of the game, which consists of the explorative and the discovery speech act pair. Both speech acts are mutually related to each other. The explorative action game thereby revolves around knowledge re-representations in terms of Chi and Ohlsson`s (2005) types of changes with special emphasis on “greater complexity”, “higher level of abstraction”, and “shifted vantage point”. I illustrate explorative action games for these types and show how they are linked to deep learning and dialogic knowledge building.

Un rastro de sombras: deseo, cuerpos y memoria en Corazon tan blanco

( Sebastian Patron Saade ) 한국스페인어문학회(구 한국서어서문학회) 2017 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.83

This article analyses how Corazon tan blanco, by the Spanish writer Javier Marias, exposes the importance of desire to articulate an open narrative about the past. Instead of arguing in favour of a transparent language to reconstruct the past, Marias`s narrator is conscious of the need to preserve what he terms areas of shadow inside his tale. Through his depiction of the male and female bodies of his story, his narrative introduces ambiguity and creates empty zones in which desire emerges. The parallels that the protagonist weaves between the bodies he describes are fundamental to create an alternative story in which the past loosens its grip on his life. After reaching a dead point in his life, the narrator realizes that the empty areas that the bodies produce prevent the past from becoming a mere anecdote and thus losing relevance, and for overcoming the traumatic irruption of the past into the present. The ambivalence these shadowy areas create is necessary to maintain the narrator`s ability to engage creatively with both his past and his future.

Maximal strength in the deep back squat correlates with sprinting performance over short distances

Sebastian Möck,René Hartmann,Klaus Wirth,Gregor Rosenkranz,Christoph Mickel 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2018 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.30 No.2

Sprinting is characterized by a transition from propulsion via knee extending musculature during initial acceleration towards ischiocrural musculature thereafter. This may lead to a decrease of correlation of the maximal strength in the back squat and sprinting performance with increasing distance. The aim of this investigation was to show the correlation between maximal dynamic force of the extensor chain of the lower limbs and short distance sprinting performance. Therefore, sprinting performance (0-5, 0-10, 0-15, 0-20, 0-25, 0-30m) and one repetition maximum (1RM) of 51 physical education students were determined. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated and show significant (p < 0.01) correlations for the relationships with the absolute 1RM (r = -0.661 to -0.792) and the relative 1RM (r = -0.648 to -0.739). However, a decrease in correlation over distance was not found. The results show that the maximal strength of lower extremities’ extensors is a basic requirement in short distance sprinting and should be considered in training.

Monumental Burial Mounds in Kyŏngju: Remarks on their Socio-political Meaning

Sebastian Muller 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2019 International Journal of Korean History Vol.24 No.2

현대 경주시 도심에 자리하고 있는 고분들은 고신라의 가장 인상적인 유적이다. 적석목곽묘에서 출토된 당대의 유물은 신라의 국가 형성의 특정 단계인 마립간 시기(356-514) 때 발생됐으며, 통치자의 칭호 또한 마립간이었다. 대단히 호화로운 부장품과 함께 거대한 규모를 자랑하는 몇몇의 특정한 고분들은 일반적으로 신라 지배층의 정치적 독립성과 힘을 반영하는 왕의 무덤으로 해석되어왔다. 그러나, ‘권력을 과시하는 무덤’이라는 개념을 도입한 배경에는 역설적으로 이 기념비적 고분의 존재를 이용하여 왕권을 더욱 공고히 하려는 의도가 담겨있는 바, 이 크고 화려한 고분은 오히려 당시의 높은 사회-정치적인 긴장의 표상이라 주장된다. 따라서 이 고분의 존재는 신흥세력의 정치적 약점을 나타내는 지표이다. 고구려 왕국과 대가족 간 경쟁으로 인한 외부의 압력은 이 고분 축조의 주요 원동력이다. The mounded graves in the city center of modern Kyŏngju belong to the most impressive relics of Old Silla. These burials, constructed as wooden chamber tombs within a stone mound, occurred during a specific stage of Silla’s state formation, which is also known in reference to the ruler’s title as the maripkan period (356-514). Due to their gigantic measurements and their extremely lavish equipment, a small group of these graves has been commonly interpreted as royal tombs that reflect the political independence and strength of Silla’s elite. However, by introducing the concept of ‘ostentatious graves’ it is being argued that the monumental burials are rather an expression of high socio-political tension. Their existence is an indicator of the political weakness of the emerging polity. Pressure from the outside caused by the kingdom of Koguryŏ and inter-polity competitions of the leading families are identified as a major impetus for the construction of these graves.

RESPONSIBLE VS. ACTIVE BRANDS? A PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF BRAND PERSONALITY ON CONSUMER-BRAND RELATIONSHIPS

Sebastian Molinillo,Arnold Japutra 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

Increasingly, there is a rise of interests from practitioners and academics on the topic of consumer-brand relationships (CBR). It has been argued that consumer build relationship with a brand in consonance with its personalities. Thus, this study investigates the role of brand personality in predicting prominent CBR constructs, such as brand awareness, brand trust, and brand loyalty. Researchers consider brand personality as one of the prominent constructs in predicting consumer preferences and choices (e.g. Eisend & Stokburger-Sauer, 2013; Gordon, Zainuddin, & Magee, 2016; Guèvremont & Grohmann, 2013). It has been established that brands are capable to have personalities (Aaker, 1997; Geuens, Weijters, & De Wulf, 2009). The study of brand personality flourished since Aaker (1997) created a brand personality scale (BPS). According to her, brand personality reflects five main dimensions: sincerity, excitement, competence, sophistication, and ruggedness. Out of these dimensions, many studies mainly focus on two dimensions, sincerity and excitement respectively (e.g. Aaker, Benet-Martinez, & Garolera, 2001; Hosany, Ekinci, & Uysal, 2006; Ivens & Valta, 2012; Sung, Choi, Ahn, & Song, 2015). These studies consider these two dimensions to be of important since these dimensions appear to capture much of the variance in personality ratings of brands (Aaker, 1997) and are considered prominent to the marketing landscape (Aaker, Fournier, & Brasel, 2004; Guèvremont & Grohmann, 2013; Toldos-Romero & Orozco-Gómez, 2015). Although Aaker's BPS represents the most prominent operationalization of brand personality (Eisend & Stokburger-Sauer, 2013; Matzler, Strobl, Stokburger-Sauer, Bobovnicky, & Bauer, 2016; Freling, Crosno, & Henard, 2011), her model has been the subject of several critiques. Researchers argue that the scale measures brand identity rather than brand personality (Azoulay & Kapferer, 2003), the scale is too general and simplistic (Austin, Siguaw, & Mattila, 2003), the scale does not include negative factors (Bosnjak, Bochmann, & Hufschmidt, 2007), and the scale is non-generalizable and non-replicable cross culturally (Arora & Stoner, 2009; Geuens et al., 2009). These shortcomings led researchers to construct an alternative to Aaker’s BPS. Geuens et al. (2009) develop a new measure of brand personality, which includes five dimensions: responsibility, activity, aggressiveness, simplicity, and emotionality. Although many studies scrutinize on Aaker’s brand personality scale, only limited studies apply Geuens et al.’s BPS (e.g. Garsvaite & Caruana, 2014; Goldsmith & Goldsmith, 2012; Gordon et al., 2016; Matzler et al., 2016). Thus, the present study investigates the relationships between brand personality, using Geuens et al.’s (2009) scale, and three important consumer-brand relationships (CBR) constructs. These three constructs are brand awareness, brand trust, and brand loyalty. Aaker (1991) conceptualize brand equity to include five important constructs, which includes brand awareness and brand loyalty. Meanwhile, Keller (1993) notes that brand knowledge is an important component of brand equity, consists of brand awareness and brand image. In addition, brand trust has been considered to be essential in influencing brand performance (Chaudhuri & Holbrook, 2001). Hence, the focus of the present study lies on these three variables. As it has been discussed above, researchers consider sincerity and excitement to be essential in investigating consumer behavior. In light of a shortage of studies in applying Geuens et al.’s (2009) BPS, the present study examines two personality dimensions, which are conceptually similar to Aaker’s (1997) BPS: responsibility to replace sincerity and activity to replace excitement (see Table 1). To the best of our knowledge, no research has investigated the relationships between these three consumer-brand relationships constructs (i.e. brand awareness, brand trust and brand loyalty) and the two most relevant brand personality dimensions (i.e. responsibility and activity). The present study contributes to the marketing literature in three different ways. First, this study adds to the body of knowledge on the relationship between brand personality and CBR constructs using the new measure of BPS. Second, this study assesses the individual level of the new BPS, particularly responsibility and activity, on the three CBR constructs. In doing so, this study responds Keller and Lehmann’s (2006) and Geuens et al.’s (2009) call to assess the individual capacity of the brand personality dimensions to get consumer preference or loyalty. Third, this study displays which out of the two dimensions of the new BPS (i.e. responsible and active) are more important to predict the three CBR constructs. In this research, data were collected from Spanish respondents using online survey with snowballing technique. In total, 347 respondents participated in the survey. After checking for incomplete questionnaires and missing values, 8 questionnaires were dropped. Hence, 339 questionnaires were used for the analysis. Before conducting multivariate analysis, normality tests were conducted. The measurement and structural models was tested using AMOS 18, employing the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method. We find that brand personality predicts these three CBR constructs. Brand personality explains 56%, 58%, and 45% of the variance in brand awareness, brand trust, and brand loyalty, respectively. The results show that the strongest link is between brand personality and brand trust. Su and Tong (2015) find that there is no relationship between exciting personality and brand awareness. On the contrary, this study displays that being an active brand leads to higher brand awareness. Even the results show that active brands are more likely to build brand awareness compared to responsible brands. However, in order to build brand trust and brand loyalty, responsible brands are more preferred compared to active brands. These results are in line with Eisend and Stokburger-Sauer (2013) that reveal weak relationships between excitement on brand attitude and brand commitment. These days, consumers prefer the brands to be more responsible or sincere. As Kotler (2011) argues that there is a shift in marketing that consumers pay more attention toward social responsibilities. Interestingly, the results show that being too active could negatively affect brand trust and brand loyalty. Although the association is not statistically significant, Banerjee (2016) finds that excitement brand personality has a negative association with brand preference. A study also finds that excitement does not predict employer brand trust (Rampl & Kenning, 2014). One explanation could be that the brands would like to be something that is an opposite of what they are claiming. Guèvremont and Grohmann (2013) argue that when a sincere brand attempts to flatter the consumers, it decreases brand attitude and increases disappointment. However, this does not occur when flattery comes from exciting brands. Brand managers should be very careful in communicating their brands personalities. Communicating to the consumers that their brands are responsible as well as active is good. However, brand managers should understand the interplay between these two opposing personalities. Consumers may believe that the brand is a responsible brand but also a little bit active. However, communicating two different opposing personalities at the same time may confuse the consumers. This is due to consumers’ disconfirmation of expectations (Guèvremont & Grohmann, 2013). Although this study enlightens the literature of brand management, it is not without its limitations. This study collects data from a cross-sectional study in Spain. In order to generalize the results of this study, future studies should replicate the conceptual framework cross culturally. Particularly on the negative effects of active personality toward the three CBR constructs. Furthermore, Spanish has been regarded as individuals with high uncertainty avoidance (Hofstede, 2001). Uncertainty avoidance increases the reliability of the brand personality dimensions, namely sincerity and excitement (Eisend & Stokburger-Sauer, 2013). Thus, it would be interesting to know whether differences occur between high and low uncertainty avoidance respondents. In addition, future studies should also account for other individual differences, such as attachment style. Japutra, Ekinci, Simkin, and Nguyen (2014) note that attachment style plays a prominent role in predicting consumer behaviors.

Early Surgical Site Infection Following Tissue Expander Breast Reconstruction with or without Acellular Dermal Matrix: National Benchmarking Using National Surgical Quality Improvement Program

Sebastian Winocour,Jorys Martinez-Jorge,Elizabeth Habermann,Kristine Thomsen,Valerie Lemaine 대한성형외과학회 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.2

Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) result in significant patient morbidity following immediate tissue expander breast reconstruction (ITEBR). This study determined a single institution’s 30-day SSI rate and benchmarked it against that among national institutions participating in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). Methods Women who underwent ITEBR with/without acellular dermal matrix (ADM) were identified using the ACS-NSQIP database between 2005 and 2011. Patient characteristics associated with the 30-day SSI rate were determined, and differences in rates between our institution and the national database were assessed. Results 12,163 patients underwent ITEBR, including 263 at our institution. SSIs occurred in 416 (3.4%) patients nationwide excluding our institution, with lower rates observed at our institution (1.9%). Nationwide, SSIs were significantly more common in ITEBR patients with ADM (4.5%) compared to non-ADM patients (3.2%, P=0.005), and this trend was observed at our institution (2.1% vs. 1.6%, P=1.00). A multivariable analysis of all institutions identified age ≥50 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.4; confidence interval [CI], 1.1–1.7), body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 vs. <25 kg/m2 (OR, 3.4; CI, 2.6–4.5), and operative time >4.25 hours (OR, 1.9; CI, 1.5– 2.4) as risk factors for SSIs. Our institutional SSI rate was lower than the nationwide rate (OR, 0.4; CI, 0.2–1.1), although this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.07). Conclusions The 30-day SSI rate at our institution in patients who underwent ITEBR was lower than the nation. SSIs occurred more frequently in procedures involving ADM both nationally and at our institution.

High Optical Anisotropy Nematic Single Compounds and Mixtures

Sebastian Gauza,Przemyslaw Kula,Roman Dabrowski,Genadz Sasnouski,Valeri Lapanik 한국전기전자재료학회 2012 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.13 No.1

We have designed, synthesized, and evaluated the physical properties of some high birefringence (Δn) isothiocyanato biphenyl-bistolane liquid crystals. These compounds exhibit Δn~ 0.4-0.7 at room temperature and wavelength λ=633 nm. Laterally substituted short alkyl chains and fluorine atom eliminate smectic phase and lower the melting temperature. The moderate melting temperature and very high clearing temperature make those compounds attractive for eutectic mixture formulation. Several mixtures based on those compounds were formulated and its physical properties evaluated.