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2-Thienyl chalcone 유도체에 대한 Thioglycolic acid의 친핵성 첨가반응 연구
공승대,황성규,이기창,최상회,오세영 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1994 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.-
The Addition reaction kinetics of 2-Thienyl chalone derivatives[][] was investigated by ultraviolet spectrophotometery in 20% dioxane-H2O at 25. The structure of these compounds were ascertained by means of ultraviolet, melting point,IR and NMR spectra. The final product was 2-thienyl chalcone-thioglycolic acid synthesized by the addition of thioglycolic acid for the 2-thienyl chalcone. The rate equations which were applied over a wide pH range(pH 1.013.0) were obtained. The substituent effects on 2-thienyl chalcone derivatives[][] were studied, and the addition reaction were facilitated by electron attracting groups. On the basis of the rate equation and substitutent effect and general base effect,the plausible addition reaction mechanism was proposed : Below pH 9.0, neutral H2O molecule and thioglycolic acid anion competitively attacked on the double bond. Above pH 9.0, It was proportional to concentration of hydroxideion.
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일본의 개호보험제도와 장애인복지제도의 제도 간 조정에 관한 고찰
공영종(Kong Young-Jong),오세영(Oh, Se Young) 비판과 대안을 위한 사회복지학회 2018 비판사회정책 Vol.- No.61
본 연구는 일본의 개호보험제도와 장애인복지제도의 제도 간 조정에 관한 고찰을 통해 한국에의 시사점을 얻고자 한 것이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 먼저, 두 제도 간 조정관계에 있어서 중요한 변수로 작용한 개호보험우선원칙의 내용과 전개과정을 살펴보았다. 그리고 이 과정에서 나타난 주요 쟁점인 서비스의 선택 및 병용 문제와 이용자부담 문제를 중심으로, 후생노동성이 실시한 각 지자체의 운용실태조사와 이에 관련된 대표적인 사례인 ‘아사다 소송’의 분석을 통해 개호보험 우선원칙을 둘러싼 문제의 실태를 살펴보았다. 또한 일본의 개호보험제도와 장애인복지제도의 제도 간 조정에 있어서 발생하고 있는 문제의 근본적인 원인과 정책적 과제를 검토하였으며, 이를 통해 향후 우리나라 노인장기요양보험제도와 장애인복지제도의 제도 간 조정에 관한 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 일본에서는 개호보험제도와 장애인복지제도의 제도 간 조정에 있어서 개호보험우선원칙에 관련된 다소 모호한 법률상의 규정에 따라 법률의 해석이 다르게 나타날 수 있음이 실태조사를 통해 확인되었다. 또한 아사다 소송의 분석을 통해 개호보험우선원칙의 적용으로 인한 서비스 양의 감소, 이용료부담의 증가, 환경변화에의 부적응 등에 따른 다양한 문제 상황과 개호보험우선원칙이 가진 모순과 폐해를 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 일본의 개호보험제도와 장애인복지제도의 제도 간 조정에 관한 고찰을 통해 한국에서도 장애노인의 개별적 욕구에 맞는 서비스를 선택 및 병용할 수 있는 제도 간 조정이 이루어져야 한다는 점, 서비스 전환에 따른 이용자부담 문제에 대한 재검토가 이루어져야 한다는 점, 제도 간 조정관계에 관한 이론적 검토가 필요하다는 점 등의 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다. The aim of this study was to ascertain points of suggestion for South Korea through observation of inter-institutional coordination between public long-term care insurance systems and welfare systems for persons with disabilities in Japan. In order to do so, I first examined the content and developments in priority principles of public long-term care insurance systems, which serve as an important variable in the relationship between the two systems. I then set out to understand the actual problems with priority principles in public long-term care insurance systems. To do so, I focused on service selection, combined use, and user burden as core issues gained from the above, together with analysis of actual surveys of each municipality carried out by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, and the so-called Asada lawsuit, a popular example. In addition, I also examined the fundamental causes and policy issues regarding the problems arising from coordination between the two systems, and attempted to ascertain points of suggestion for long-term medical treatment systems for the elderly and welfare systems for people with disabilities in Korea. As a result of the study, due to vague legal provisions regarding priority principles in public long-term care insurance systems, the actual survey found that there were indeed varying interpretations of laws in each municipality. In addition, through analysis of the Asada lawsuit, I was able to discover inconsistencies and ill effects of priority principles and various problems arising from a decrease in service volume due to the application of priority principles, an increase in user burden due to usage fees, maladaptation to environmental changes, and more. Through consideration on such inter-institutional coordination between public long-term care systems for the elderly and welfare systems for persons with disabilities in Japan, I was able to discover the necessity to make adjustments between systems in South Korea to allow for service selection and combined use better suited to elderly people with disabilities. Moreover, I realized the importance of reexamining problems resulting from user burden due to service use, and to reexamine the theory behind adjustments of both systems. These are all points to suggest to South Korea.
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강세영(Se-Young Kong),유가효(Ka-Hyo Yoo),홍성희(Sung-Hee Hong) 한국가족학회 2005 가족과 문화 Vol.17 No.3
본 연구는 최근 전국평균과 광역시별 비교에서 자영업자의 증가율이 가장 높은 것으로 나타난 대구지역 자영업자들이 자신의 성별로 인해 어떤 사회경제적 제약(여성 심화제약과 여성특수제약)에 직면하는가에 대한 경험적 분석이다. 연구방법은 설문지를 주요 분석 자료로, 심층면접 결과를 보완적인 자료로 사용하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자영업 성과에서는 경영관련 요인들을 모두 통제한 후에도 여성 자영업자들은 남성 자영업자들에 비해 평균 월순수입이 낮게 나타났다. 둘째, 남성 자영업자들에 비해 여성들이 더 부정적으로 영항을 받을 것으로 예상된 여성심화제약은, 부부의 공동경영 여부와 여성집단을 별도로 분석함으로써 부분적으로 지지되었다. 셋째, 여성만이 부정적 영향을 받을 것으로 예상된 여성특수제약에서는, 부부가 공동으로 경영에 참여하는 경우에 집안일 병행에 따른 어려움이 여성특수제약으로 나타났다. 여성심화제약과 여성특수제약에 대한 설문자료 분석결과는 심층면접 결과를 통해 뒷받침되고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 부부가 공동으로 경영하는가 단독으로 경영하는가가 자영업의 사회경제적제약을 분석하는데 있어서 매우 중요한 요소임을 보여주고 있다. 넷째, 자영업 경영이 남녀 모두의 세력화에 기여하며 자영업 수입과 긍정적인 상관관계를 맺고 있으며 여성의 경우 그 관계의 강도가 남성에 비해 훨씬 강한 것으로 나타났다. 사회경제적 제악의 양상은 자영업에서 여성과 남성의 노동과 역할분업이 매우 복잡하게 얽혀있음을 시사한다. We analyzed gender differences of economic performance of self-employed owners as well as the theseis of women-intensive constraints and women-exclusive constraints. In addition, we examined the relations of empowerment and running self-employed businesses. This study focuses on self-employed owners in Daegu, Korea. We analyzed 316 questionnaires from 166 women and 150 men, all of whom were married. In-depth interviews were also conducted with 9 women and 2 men. The findings are as follows: First, female self-employed owners had lower income than male owners and it tended not to change after controlling related factors in multiple regression analysis. Second, there were no significant differences between the sexes in terms of constraints. However, there was a significant difference between self-employed owners working with spouses and those without. This was supported by the interview data. Third, family responsibility turned out to be the only women-exclusive constraint. Nevertheless, men also considered it as a constraint while women were more likely to be affected negatively. Fourth, self-employed micro enterprises contributed to the empowerment of the owners, regardless of sex. Fifth, running self-employed micro enterprises and the income of the owners were positively correlated. Interestingly enough, women showed a higher correlation than men, while men scored higher in the scale of empowerment.
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( Young Zoon Kim ),( Chae-Yong Kim ),( Chan Woo Wee ),( Tae Hoon Roh ),( Je Beom Hong ),( Hyuk-Jin Oh ),( Seok-Gu Kang ),( Shin-Hyuk Kang ),( Doo-Sik Kong ),( Sung Hwan Kim ),( Se-Hyuk Kim ),( Se Hoon 대한뇌종양학회·대한신경종양학회·대한소아뇌종양학회 2019 Brain Tumor Research and Treatment Vol.7 No.2
Background There was no practical guideline for the management of patients with central nervous system tumor in Korea for many years. Thus, the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO), a multidisciplinary academic society, has developed the guideline for glioblastoma. Subsequently, the KSNO guideline for World Health Organization (WHO) grade II cerebral glioma in adults is established. Methods The Working Group was composed of 35 multidisciplinary medical experts in Korea. References were identified by searching PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases using specific and sensitive keywords as well as combinations of keywords regarding diffuse astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma of brain in adults. Results Whenever radiological feature suggests lower grade glioma, the maximal safe resection if feasible is recommended globally. After molecular and histological examinations, patients with diffuse astrocytoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype without molecular feature of glioblastoma should be primarily treated by standard brain radiotherapy and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy (Level III) while those with molecular feature of glioblastoma should be treated following the protocol for glioblastomas. In terms of patients with diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant and oligodendroglioma (IDH-mutant and 1p19q codeletion), standard brain radiotherapy and adjuvant PCV (procarbazine+lomustine+vincristine) combination chemotherapy should be considered primarily for the high-risk group while observation with regular follow up should be considered for the low-risk group. Conclusion The KSNO’s guideline recommends that WHO grade II gliomas should be treated by maximal safe resection, if feasible, followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy according to molecular and histological features of tumors and clinical characteristics of patients.
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Young Bok Yoo,Won Sik Kong,Se Jong Oh,Chang Sung Jhune,Pyung Gyun Shin,Beom Gi Kim,Gyu Hyun Kim,Minsun Park,Byung Re Min 한국버섯학회 2004 한국버섯학회지 Vol.2 No.3
Somatic hybrids of inter-compatible and inter-incompatible strains were obtained by protoplast fusion. The fusion products between compatible strains, Pleurotus ostreatus and P. florida, formed heterokaryons, while fusants between incompatible strains such as P. cornucopiae + P. florida , P. ostreatus + Ganoderma applanatum, P. florida + Ganoderma lucidum, and P. ostreatus + Flammulina velutipes formed synkaryons that retained genes from both parents. The heterokaryons showed the same level of basidioma development. In contrast, the synkaryons showed unique characteristics including clamp connection formation at mitosis, either partner basidioma development, and abnormal segregation and recombination compared with inter-compatible strains. Synkaryons can be classified into homokaryoyic and heterokaryotic type. A comparison of somatic hybrids with compatible and incompatible strains was made using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The heterokaryons between compatible species showed the same level of variability and contained both parental RAPD bands. In contrast, most of the synkaryons between incompatible species showed similarity to those of either parental bands and non-parental RAPD bands. Synkaryons can be classified into microgenome insertion type and macrogenome insertion type. A tetrapolar mating system was found among monospore isolates in somatic hybrids and wild type P. ostreatus. Homokaryons from each somatic hybrid combination were paired with tester homokaryons of the initial wild type of P. ostreatus. The changed mating types were identified in progenies. The pattern of mating type switching in somatic hybrids depends on compatibility of fusion partner. There are several factors related to the mechanism of clamp connection formation and fruiting body development of synkaryons. Of these,the major factor may be associated with self-fertility and mating type switching such as homokaryotic fruiting of wild type P. ostreatus. This review will discuss these aspects.
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