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Shah, D.H.,Shringi, S.,Desai, A.R.,Heo, E.J.,Park, J.H.,Chae, J.S. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2007 Veterinary microbiology Vol.119 No.2
Salmonella enterica serotype Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) is the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT) in chickens. FT is a severe systemic disease of chickens causing heavy economic losses to the poultry industry through mortality, reduced egg production and culling of precious breeding stocks. In this study, a metC (encoding cystathionine β lyase) mutant was produced from a virulent strain of S. Gallinarum by Mini-Tn5 insertional inactivation. The mutant was significantly attenuated in virulence for 1-day-old White Leghorn chickens. Inactivation of metC resulted in 10<SUP>4</SUP>-fold increase in the LD<SUB>50</SUB> when compared with the wild type parent. The metC mutant showed an in vivo competitiveness defect in the challenged chickens and significantly lower (P<0.01) bacterial burden in the reticuloendothelial organs when compared with the wild-type parent. These results indicate that metC gene is important for virulence of S. Gallinarum in chickens.
Dephosphorylation Enables the Recruitment of 53BP1 to Double-Strand DNA Breaks
Lee, D.H.,Acharya, Sanket S.,Kwon, M.,Drane, P.,Guan, Y.,Adelmant, G.,Kalev, P.,Shah, J.,Pellman, D.,Marto, Jarrod A.,Chowdhury, D. Cell Press 2014 Molecular cell Vol.54 No.3
Excluding 53BP1 from chromatin is required to attenuate the DNA damage response during mitosis, yet the functional relevance and regulation of this exclusion are unclear. Here we show that 53BP1 is phosphorylated during mitosis on two residues, T1609 and S1618, located in its well-conserved ubiquitination-dependent recruitment (UDR) motif. Phosphorylating these sites blocks the interaction of the UDR motif with mononuclesomes containing ubiquitinated histone H2A and impedes binding of 53BP1 to mitotic chromatin. Ectopic recruitment of 53BP1-T1609A/S1618A to mitotic DNA lesions was associated with significant mitotic defects that could be reversed by inhibiting nonhomologous end-joining. We also reveal that protein phosphatase complex PP4C/R3β dephosphorylates T1609 and S1618 to allow the recruitment of 53BP1 to chromatin in G1 phase. Our results identify key sites of 53BP1 phosphorylation during mitosis, identify the counteracting phosphatase complex that restores the potential for DDR during interphase, and establish the physiological importance of this regulation.
Shah, D.H.,Seol, J.-W.,Park, S.-Y.,Ryu, K.-S.,Kwon, J.-T.,Cho, M.-R.,Park, J.-H.,Kang, C.-S.,Kang, H.-S.,Chae, J.-S. Elsevier 2005 The Journal of applied poultry research Vol.14 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Fowl typhoid (FT), caused by <I>Salmonella gallinarum</I> (SG), is responsible for heavy economic losses through morbidity, mortality, and reduced egg production to the poultry industry worldwide. The use of alternative medications to control FT is important in light of emergence of multiple drug-resistant strains of SG and the public's desire to have organically grown poultry. We report the efficient utilization of tissue culture medium waste after harvest of Korean wild ginseng (TCM-KWG) <I>(Panax ginseng)</I> as an alternative medicine in the control of FT. In a series of experiments performed in this study, we found that oral administration of TCM-KWG through drinking water significantly reduced the mortality, organ invasiveness, and fecal shedding of SG in 1-d-old chickens experimentally infected with virulent SG. The results were positively correlated with higher dose and longer duration of pretreatment with TCM-KWG in relation to reduction in mortality caused by FT. The results of this work indicate that the TCM-KWG may be used as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative medicine to control and minimize the losses due to FT in chickens.</P>
Jaimin S. Shah,Neda D. Jooya,Terri L. Woodard,Pedro T. Ramirez,Nicole D. Fleming,Michael Frumovitz 대한부인종양학회 2019 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.30 No.3
Objective: To evaluate patient perceptions of preoperative reproductive counseling and to evaluate complications and pregnancy outcomes in women who had radical trachelectomy (RT) for early stage cervical cancer. Methods: Patients who underwent RT from January 1, 2004, through July 31, 2017, and had been cancer free for more than 1 year after RT were eligible; consented patients were sent a 16-item online survey. Results: Of the 58 eligible patients, 39 patients (67%) completed the questionnaire. Eighteen patients (46%) reported receiving reproductive counseling and 26 (68%) reported receiving counseling about pregnancy risks and complications prior to RT, mainly delivered by gynecologic oncologists. Twenty-nine patients (74%) reported having a complication after RT, and cervical stenosis was the most common complication, occurring in 13 patients (33%). Twenty-four patients actively attempted to conceive after RT, and 20 pregnancies were achieved in 13 patients for a pregnancy rate of 54%. Eight pregnancies were spontaneous and 12 required a fertility treatment. There were 5 spontaneous first-trimester miscarriages; 14 of the 20 pregnancies (70%) resulted in live births. The median time to conception was 13.5 months (range, 1–120). Conclusion: A significant proportion of women with early stage cervical cancer do not receive adequate reproductive counseling before RT, and many women undergoing RT experience complications that can negatively impact their fertility. We recommend a preoperative consultation with a reproductive endocrinologist for all patients considering RT.
Flows over Concave Surfaces: Development of Pre-set Wavelength Görtler Vortices
Winoto, S.H.,Tandiono,Shah, D.A.,Mitsudharmadi, H. 한국유체기계학회 2008 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.1 No.1
The development of pre-set wavelength Grtler vortices are studied in the boundary-layer flows on concave surfaces of 1.0 and 2.0 m radius of curvature. The wavelengths of the vortices were pre-set by thin wires of 0.2 mm diameter placed 10 mm upstream and perpendicular to the concave surface leading edge. Velocity contours were obtained from velocity measurements using a single hot-wire anemometer probe. The most amplified or dominant wavelength is found to be 15 mm for free-stream velocity of 2.1 m/s and 3.0 m/s on the concave surface of R = 1 m and 2 m, respectively. The velocity contours in the cross-sectional planes at several streamwise locations show the growth and breakdown of the vortices. Three different regions can be identified based on the growth rate of the vortices. The occurrence of a secondary instability mode is also shown in the form of mushroom-like structures as a consequence of the non-linear growth of the Grtler vortices. By pre-setting the vortex wavelength to be much larger and much smaller than the most amplified one, the splitting and merging of Grtler vortices can be respectively observed.
Deep Brain Stimulation: Technology at the Cutting Edge
Rahul S. Shah,Su-Youne Chang,민훈기,조장희,Charles D. Blaha,Kendall H. Lee 대한신경과학회 2010 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.6 No.4
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery has been performed in over 75,000 people worldwide, and has been shown to be an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease, tremor, dystonia, epilepsy,depression, Tourette’s syndrome, and obsessive compulsive disorder. We review current and emerging evidence for the role of DBS in the management of a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions, and discuss the technical and practical aspects of performing DBS surgery. In the future, evolution of DBS technology may depend on several key areas, including better scientific understanding of its underlying mechanism of action, advances in high-spatial resolution imaging and development of novel electrophysiological and neurotransmitter microsensor systems. Such developments could form the basis of an intelligent closed-loop DBS system with feedback-guided neuromodulation to optimize both electrode placement and therapeutic efficacy.
Patel, Jayendra B.,Patel, Kinjal D.,Patel, Shruti R.,Shah, Franky D.,Shukla, Shilin N.,Patel, Prabhudas S. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5
Regardless of advances in treatment modalities with the invention of newer therapies, breast cancer remains a major health problem with respect to its diagnosis, treatment and management. This female malignancy with its tremendous heterogeneous nature is linked to high incidence and mortality rates, especially in developing region of the world. It is the malignancy composed of distinct biological subtypes with diverse clinical, pathological, molecular and genetic features as well as different therapeutic responsiveness and outcomes. This inconsistency can be partially overcome by finding novel molecular markers with biological significance. In recent years, newer technologies help us to indentify distinct biomarkers and increase our understanding of the molecular basis of breast cancer. However, certain issues need to be resolved that limit the application of gene expression profiling to current clinical practice. Despite the complex nature of gene expression patterns of cDNAs in microarrays, there are some innovative regulatory molecules and functional pathways that allow us to predict breast cancer behavior in the clinic and provide new targets for breast cancer treatment. This review describes the landscape of different molecular markers with particular spotlight on vitamin D signaling pathway and apoptotic specific protein of p53 (ASPP) family members in breast cancer.
X-RAY ASTRONOMY EXPERIMENT ON THE INDIAN SATELLITE IRS-P3
AGRAWAL P. C.,PAUL B.,RAO A. R.,SHAH M. R.,MCKERJEE K.,VARIA M. N.,YADAV J. S.,DEDHIA D. K.,MALKAR J. P.,SHAH P.,DAMLE S. V.,MARAR T. M. K.,SEETHA S. The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1
An x-ray astronomy experiment consisting of three collimated proportional counters and an X-ray Sky Monitor (XSM) was flown aboard the Indian Satellite IRS-P3 launched on March 21, 1996 from SHAR range in India. The Satellite is in a circular orbit of 830 km altitude with an orbital inclination of $98^{\circ}$ and has three axis stabilized pointing capability. Each pointed-mode Proportional Counter (PPC) is a multilayer, multianode unit filled with P-10 gas ($90\%$ Ar + $10\%\;CH_4$) at 800 torr and having an aluminized mylar window of 25 micron thickness. The three PPCs are identical and have a field of view of $2^{\circ}{\times}2^{\circ}$ defined by silver coated aluminium honeycomb collimators. The total effective area of the three PPCs is about 1200 $cm^2$. The PPCs are sensitive in 2-20 keV band. The XSM consists of a pin-hole of 1 $cm^2$ area placed 16 cm above the anode plane of a 32 cm$\times$32 cm position sensitive proportional counter sensitive in 3-8 keV interval. The position of the x-ray events is determined by charge division technique using nichrome wires as anodes. The principal objective of this experiment is to carry out timing studies of x-ray pulsars, x-ray binaries and other rapidly varying x-ray sources. The XSM will be used to detect transient x-ray sources and monitor intensity of bright x-ray binaries. Observations of black-hole binary Cyg X-1 and few other binary sources were carried out in early May and July-August 1996 period. Details of the x-ray detector characteristics are presented and preliminary results from the observations are discussed.