The <i>FRP1</i> F‐box gene has different functions in sexuality, pathogenicity and metabolism in three fungal pathogens

JONKERS, WILFRIED,VAN KAN, JAN A. L.,TIJM, PATRICK,LEE, YIN‐,WON,TUDZYNSKI, PAUL,REP, MARTIJN,MICHIELSE, CAROLINE B. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Molecular plant pathology Vol.12 No.6

<P><B>SUMMARY</B></P><P>Plant‐pathogenic fungi employ a variety of infection strategies; as a result, fungi probably rely on different sets of proteins for successful infection. The F‐box protein Frp1, only present in filamentous fungi belonging to the Sordariomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes, is required for nonsugar carbon catabolism and pathogenicity in the root‐infecting fungus <I>Fusarium oxysporum</I>. To assess the role of Frp1 in other plant‐pathogenic fungi, <I>FRP1</I> deletion mutants were generated in <I>Fusarium graminearum</I> and <I>Botrytis cinerea</I>, and their phenotypes were analysed. Deletion of <I>FgFRP1</I> in <I>F. graminearum</I> led to impaired infection of barley roots, but not of aerial plant parts. Deletion of <I>BcFRP1</I> in <I>B. cinerea</I> did not show any effect on pathogenicity. Sexual reproduction, however, was impaired in both <I>F. graminearum</I> and<I> B. cinerea FRP1</I> deletion mutants. The mutants of all three fungi displayed different phenotypes when grown on an array of carbon sources. The <I>F. oxysporum</I> and <I>B. cinerea</I> deletion mutants showed opposite growth phenotypes on sugar and nonsugar carbon sources. Replacement of <I>FoFRP1</I> in <I>F. oxysporum</I> with the <I>B. cinerea BcFRP1</I> resulted in the restoration of pathogenicity, but also in a switch from impaired growth on nonsugar carbon sources to impaired growth on sugar carbon sources. This effect could be ascribed in part to the <I>B. cinerea BcFRP1</I> promoter sequence. In conclusion, the function of the F‐box protein Frp1, despite its high sequence conservation, is not conserved between different fungi, leading to differential requirements for pathogenicity and carbon source utilization.</P>

Effects of Boron and Molybdenum on Sugarcane Grown in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain Soils of Bangladesh

Paul G. C.,Rahman M. H.,Rahman A. B. M. M. The Korean Society of Crop Science 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.2

A field study was conducted to investigate and ascertain the effects of boron and molybdenum with recommended N P K S Zn fertilizers (RFD) for sustained sugarcane yield in the sandy acidic soil in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain of Bangladesh. Results revealed that the treatment $T_7$ having recommended fertilizers of N 120, P 35, K 100, S 25 and Zn 2kg $ha^{-1}$ + B 2kg $ha^{-1}$ + Mo 2 kg $ha^{-1}$ produced significantly higher number of millable cane (126.96\times10^3\;ha^{-1})$ except in $T_9$ with RFD + B 2 kg $ha^{-1}$ + Mo 4kg $ha^{-1}$, and higher cane yield (92.83 Mg $ha^{-1}$) among all except in $T_3$ with RFD + B2 kg $ha^{-1}$, $T_5$ with RFD + Mo 2kg $ha^{-1}$ and $T_9$ where the effects were statistically identical. The increase in cane yield by $T_7$ was $164.6\%$ over control. The treatment $T_7$ having RFD + B 2kg $ha^{-1}$ + Mo 2kg $ha^{-1}$ further gave the highest additional net economic benefit of Taka 16, 500.00 for added Band Mo at 2kg $ha^{-1}$ among all the treatments in the study.

Effects of Boron and Molybdenum on Sugarcane Grown in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain Soils of Bangladesh

G C. Paul,M. H. Rahman,A. B. M. M. Rahman 韓國作物學會 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.2

A field study was conducted to investigate and ascertain the effects of boron and molybdenum with recommended N P K S Zn fertilizers (RFD) for sustained sugarcane yield in the sandy acidic soil in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain of Bangladesh. Results revealed that the treatment T7 having recommended fertilizers of N 120, P 35, K 100, S 25 and Zn 2kg ha-1 + B 2kg ha-1 + Mo 2 kg ha-1 produced significantly higher number of millable cane (126.96~times103~;ha-1) except in T9 with RFD + B 2 kg ha-1 + Mo 4kg ha-1 , and higher cane yield (92.83 Mg ha-1 ) among all except in T3 with RFD + B2 kg ha-1 , T5 with RFD + Mo 2kg ha-1 and T9 where the effects were statistically identical. The increase in cane yield by T7 was 164.6~% over control. The treatment T7 having RFD + B 2kg ha-1 + Mo 2kg ha-1 further gave the highest additional net economic benefit of Taka 16, 500.00 for added Band Mo at 2kg ha-1 among all the treatments in the study.

Development of BMP-2 immobilized polydopamine mediated multichannelled biphasic calcium phosphate granules for improved bone regeneration

Lee, G.H.,Makkar, P.,Paul, K.,Lee, B. North-Holland 2017 Materials letters Vol.208 No.-

In the present study, the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was loaded onto a polydopamine-coated biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) granule system which could be effectively used as an injectable bone substitute (IBS) for improved bone regeneration. The surface of BCP granules was first coated with polydopamine (PD-MCG) and then BMP-2 growth factor was immobilized onto the PD-MCG by a conventional method. The results showed that BMP-2 was successfully immobilized into polydopamine-coated granules and about 87% of BMP-2 was retained on the granular surface for 30days. Invitro and invivo studies showed enhanced cell viability and superior bone formation conferred by B-PD-MCG granules compared with PD-MCG and MCG. The percent healing capacity (BV/SV) of the three samples tested was found to be 1.64+/-0.04, 1.4+/-0.02 and 1.12+/-0.03 for B-PD-MCG, PD-MCG and MCG, respectively.

주택용 태양광발전시스템의 최적설계를 위한 전산프로그램 개발

최병호,정명웅,최영희,오정무 한국태양에너지학회 1985 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

The design concepts of residential PV systems are discussed for its domestic application. The computer program, $quot;ORPV; Optimization of the residential PV system$quot;, is developed for system design optimization and applied to 16 selected locations. The results for 16 locations in Korea are as follows, 1. Optimized capacity of PV array is 1.46 - 2.16 KW. 2. Optimized capacity of battery is 16.1 - 25.6 KWh. 3. Optimized tilt angle of PV array, except Jeju island, is 27 - 39°.

주역의 자연 생명사상

김병환 강남대학교 인문과학연구소 1999 인문과학논집 Vol.8 No.-

태양전지와 D.C.Motor의 Coupling에 관한 이론적 고찰

정명웅,최병호,최영,오정무 한국태양에너지학회 1985 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

Among the various technical applications for solar power, the water pumping systems, intended for arid areas, are now the subject of studies and practical realization. A study of the interaction of the solar cell array and D.C motor is needed for these systems. This paper deals, therefore, with the performance of the direct current motors (seperate excited, series, shunt) supplied from solar cell array. The motor characteristics (current-speed and torque-speed) at different solar radiation levels were also studied.

Assessment of variation in immunosuppressive pathway genes reveals <i>TGFBR2</i> to be associated with prognosis of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer after chemotherapy

Lei, Jieping,Rudolph, Anja,Moysich, Kirsten B,Rafiq, Sajjad,Behrens, Sabine,Goode, Ellen L,Pharoah, Paul PD,Seibold, Petra,Fasching, Peter A,Andrulis, Irene L,Kristensen, Vessela N,Couch, Fergus J,Ham BioMed Central 2015 Breast cancer research Vol.17 No.-

<P><B>Introduction</B></P><P>Tumor lymphocyte infiltration is associated with clinical response to chemotherapy in estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer. To identify variants in immunosuppressive pathway genes associated with prognosis after adjuvant chemotherapy for ER-negative patients, we studied stage I-III invasive breast cancer patients of European ancestry, including 9,334 ER-positive (3,151 treated with chemotherapy) and 2,334 ER-negative patients (1,499 treated with chemotherapy).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We pooled data from sixteen studies from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), and employed two independent studies for replications. Overall 3,610 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 133 genes were genotyped as part of the Collaborative Oncological Gene-environment Study, in which phenotype and clinical data were collected and harmonized. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess genetic associations with overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). Heterogeneity according to chemotherapy or ER status was evaluated with the log-likelihood ratio test.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Three independent SNPs in <I>TGFBR2</I> and <I>IL12B</I> were associated with OS (<I>P</I> <10<SUP>−3</SUP>) solely in ER-negative patients after chemotherapy (267 events). Poorer OS associated with <I>TGFBR2</I> rs1367610 (G > C) (per allele hazard ratio (HR) 1.54 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22 to 1.95), <I>P</I> = 3.08 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>) was not found in ER-negative patients without chemotherapy or ER-positive patients with chemotherapy (<I>P</I> for interaction <10<SUP>−3</SUP>). Two SNPs in <I>IL12B</I> (r<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.20) showed different associations with ER-negative disease after chemotherapy: rs2546892 (G > A) with poorer OS (HR 1.50 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.86), <I>P</I> = 1.81 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>), and rs2853694 (A > C) with improved OS (HR 0.73 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.87), <I>P</I> = 3.67 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>). Similar associations were observed with BCSS. Association with <I>TGFBR2</I> rs1367610 but not <I>IL12B</I> variants replicated using BCAC Asian samples and the independent Prospective Study of Outcomes in Sporadic versus Hereditary Breast Cancer Study and yielded a combined HR of 1.57 ((95% CI 1.28 to 1.94), <I>P</I> = 2.05 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>) without study heterogeneity.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P><I>TGFBR2</I> variants may have prognostic and predictive value in ER-negative breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Our findings provide further insights into the development of immunotherapeutic targets for ER-negative breast cancer.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0522-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

Disulfide polymer grafted porous carbon composites for heavy metal removal from stormwater runoff

Ko, Dongah,Mines, Paul D.,Jakobsen, Mogens H.,Yavuz, Cafer T.,Hansen, Hans Chr. B.,Andersen, Henrik R. Elsevier 2018 Chemical engineering journal Vol.348 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The emerging concern of heavy metal pollution derived from stormwater runoff has triggered a demand for effective heavy metal sorbents. To be an effective sorbent, high affinity along with rapid sorption kinetics for environmental relevant concentrations of heavy metals is important. Herein, we have introduced a new composite suitable for trace metal concentration removal, which consists of cheap and common granular activated carbon covered with polymers containing soft bases, thiols, through acyl chlorination (DiS-AC). Material characterization demonstrated that the polymer was successfully grafted and grown onto the surface of the carbon substrate. The distribution coefficient for Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> bonding was 89·10<SUP>3</SUP> L/kg at a solution concentration of 0.35 mg/L, which is notably higher than sorption affinities for Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> seen in conventional sorbents. The sorption isotherm is well described by the Freundlich isotherm and within an hour, half of the initial trace (0.2 mg/L) concentration of Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> was removed by the DiS-AC at a sorbent loading of 2 g/L. Therefore, the novel material DiS-AC promises to be an ideal candidate for filters treating stormwater runoff.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The novel disulfide polymer grafted activated carbon composites were devised. </LI> <LI> Covalent bonds between disulfide polymer and carbon substrate have been proven. </LI> <LI> DiS-AC showed rapid kinetics on removing heavy metal in overall range of pH 6–8. </LI> <LI> DiS-AC showed high affinity towards even for trace amount of heavy metal in water. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Influence of land development on stormwater runoff from a mixed land use and land cover catchment

Paule-Mercado, M.A.,Lee, B.Y.,Memon, S.A.,Umer, S.R.,Salim, I.,Lee, C.-H. Elsevier BV 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.599 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Mitigating for the negative impacts of stormwater runoff is becoming a concern due to increased land development. Understanding how land development influences stormwater runoff is essential for sustainably managing water resources. In recent years, aggregate low impact development-best management practices (LID-BMPs) have been implemented to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff on receiving water bodies. This study used an integrated approach to determine the influence of land development and assess the ecological benefits of four aggregate LID-BMPs in stormwater runoff from a mixed land use and land cover (LULC) catchment with ongoing land development. It used data from 2011 to 2015 that monitored 41 storm events and monthly LULC, and a Personalized Computer Storm Water Management Model (PCSWMM). The four aggregate LID-BMPs are: ecological (S1), utilizing pervious covers (S2), and multi-control (S3) and (S4). These LID-BMPs were designed and distributed in the study area based on catchment characteristics, cost, and effectiveness. PCSWMM was used to simulate the monitored storm events from 2014 (calibration: R<SUP>2</SUP> and NSE>0.5; RMSE <11) and 2015 (validation: R<SUP>2</SUP> and NSE>0.5; RMSE <12). For continuous simulation and analyzing LID-BMPs scenarios, the five-year (2011 to 2015) stormwater runoff data and LULC change patterns (only 2015 for LID-BMPs) were used. Results show that the expansion of bare land and impervious cover, soil alteration, and high amount of precipitation influenced the stormwater runoff variability during different phases of land development. The four aggregate LID-BMPs reduced runoff volume (34%–61%), peak flow (6%–19%), and pollutant concentrations (53%–83%). The results of this study, in addition to supporting local LULC planning and land development activities, also could be applied to input data for empirical modeling, and designing sustainable stormwater management guidelines and monitoring strategies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A long-term monitoring of stormwater runoff and LULC change was implemented. </LI> <LI> PCSWMM was used to assess the response of runoff on land development and LID-BMPs. </LI> <LI> Land use and rainfall pattern influenced the variability of stormwater runoff. </LI> <LI> LID-BMPs help to reduce the negative impacts of land development. </LI> <LI> LID-BMPs design depends on site characteristics, needs and community resources. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>