Numerical Study on the Effect of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Nozzle Hole Arrangement on the Mixture Preparation and Combustion Process for DISI Engine with Multi-hole Injector

( Qian Wang Fan ),( Li Guang Li ) 한국액체미립화학회 2010 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.-

The spray development, mixture preparation and combustion characteristics in a four-stroke direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engine with a multi-hole injector of symmetrical and asymmetrical nozzle-hole arrangements, including the nozzle hole-hole angles of 54o, 57o and 60o, have been investigated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes. Meanwhile, to form homogeneous air-fuel mixture, the simulation was completed at the injection starting of 30CAD ATDC intake stroke. The simulated results show that, when the fuels are injected during the early intake stroke, with the included angle decreasing, it seems to have the worse impact on the mixture preparation and combustion, due probably to the spray-spray interaction and various spray impingements leading to the worse fuel evaporation and atomization. Hence, it could be concluded that the nozzle holes arrangement is a key factor for the multi-hole injector. Besides, to verify the spray model validity the spray experiment with a 57o nozzle included angle, multi-hole injector was carried out in a quiescent optical chamber, using the high-speed shadow photography. The results show that the calculated values are in agreement with the experimental ones, verifying that the spray calculation model is reasonable.

Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Connection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung

Fan, Wei-Dong,Zhang, Xian-Quan,Guo, Hui-Lin,Zeng, Wei-Wei,Zhang, Ni,Wan, Qian-Qian,Xie, Wen-Yao,Cao, Jin,Xu, Chang-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are the major histological types of non-small cell lung cancer. Because they differ on the basis of histopathological and clinical characteristics and their relationship with smoking, their etiologies may be different; for example, different tumor suppressor genes may be related to the genesis of each type. We used microarray data to construct three regulatory networks to identify potential genes related to lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and investigated the similarity and specificity of them. In the network, some of the observed transcription factors and target genes had been previously proven to be related to lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. We also found some new transcription factors and target genes related to SCC. The results demonstrated that regulatory network analysis is useful in connection analysis between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Linking growth performance and carcass traits with enterotypes in Muscovy ducks

Fan Qian,Xu Yini,Xiao Yingping,Yang Caimei,Lyu Wentao,Yang Hua 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.7

Objective: Enterotypes (ETs) are the clustering of gut microbial community structures, which could serve as indicators of growth performance and carcass traits. However, ETs have been sparsely investigated in waterfowl. The objective of this study was to identify the ileal ETs and explore the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits in Muscovy ducks. Methods: A total of 200 Muscovy ducks were randomly selected from a population of 5,000 ducks at 70-day old, weighed and slaughtered. The growth performance and carcass traits, including body weight, dressed weight and evidenced weight, dressed percentage, percentage of apparent yield, breast muscle weight, leg muscle weight, percentage of leg muscle and percentage of breast muscle, were determined. The contents of ileum were collected for the isolation of DNA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The ETs were identified based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing data and the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits was performed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Three ETs (ET1, ET2, and ET3) were observed in the ileal microbiota of Muscovy ducks with significant differences in number of features and α-diversity among these ETs (p<0.05). Streptococcus, Candida Arthritis, and Bacteroidetes were the presentative genus in ET1 to ET3, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that Lactococcus and Bradyrhizobium were significantly correlated with percentage of eviscerated yield and leg muscle weight (p<0.05) while ETs were found to have a close association with percentage of eviscerated yield, leg muscle weight, and percentage of leg muscle in Muscovy ducks. However, the growth performance of ducks with different ETs did not show significant difference (p>0.05). Lactococcus were found to be significantly correlated with leg muscle weight, dressed weight, and percentage of eviscerated yield. Conclusion: Our findings revealed a substantial variation in carcass traits associated with ETs in Muscovy ducks. It is implied that ETs might have the potential to serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing duck carcass traits. It would provide novel insights into the interaction of gut microbiota with growth performance and carcass traits of ducks. Objective: Enterotypes (ETs) are the clustering of gut microbial community structures, which could serve as indicators of growth performance and carcass traits. However, ETs have been sparsely investigated in waterfowl. The objective of this study was to identify the ileal ETs and explore the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits in Muscovy ducks.Methods: A total of 200 Muscovy ducks were randomly selected from a population of 5,000 ducks at 70-day old, weighed and slaughtered. The growth performance and carcass traits, including body weight, dressed weight and evidenced weight, dressed percentage, percentage of apparent yield, breast muscle weight, leg muscle weight, percentage of leg muscle and percentage of breast muscle, were determined. The contents of ileum were collected for the isolation of DNA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The ETs were identified based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing data and the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits was performed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results: Three ETs (ET1, ET2, and ET3) were observed in the ileal microbiota of Muscovy ducks with significant differences in number of features and α-diversity among these ETs (p<0.05). <i>Streptococcus, Candida Arthritis</i>, and <i>Bacteroidetes</i> were the presentative genus in ET1 to ET3, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that <i>Lactococcus</i> and <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> were significantly correlated with percentage of eviscerated yield and leg muscle weight (p<0.05) while ETs were found to have a close association with percentage of eviscerated yield, leg muscle weight, and percentage of leg muscle in Muscovy ducks. However, the growth performance of ducks with different ETs did not show significant difference (p>0.05). <i>Lactococcus</i> were found to be significantly correlated with leg muscle weight, dressed weight, and percentage of eviscerated yield.Conclusion: Our findings revealed a substantial variation in carcass traits associated with ETs in Muscovy ducks. It is implied that ETs might have the potential to serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing duck carcass traits. It would provide novel insights into the interaction of gut microbiota with growth performance and carcass traits of ducks.

Internet Immunization Strategy based on Relations of Nodes

Fan Tongrang,Qin Wanting,Zhao Wenbin,Wang Qian,Yu Tao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.11

Inspired by the biological immune system against outside invasion in nature, this paper propose a network security strategy using Agent technology. The Agents with independent behavior capacity are set for resisting network intrusion using their spontaneous coordinate organization. Based on the comparisons of existing immunization strategies, such as target immune, acquaintance immune and random immunity, it is found that the importance of nodes in network are influenced by interaction between nodes, degree of nodes, information flow, and other factors. If the nodes are more important, they have a greater influence over the whole network. When important nodes are infected by virus, there will be a higher probability of spreading of hazard information. Therefore, this paper proposes a network security model using Agent technology, where important nodes are implanted with relationship immunization strategy. Experimental results show when the network suffered from random or malicious attacks, relationship immunization strategy is more effective than others existing methods.

MiR-1246 Promotes Metastasis and Invasion of A549 Cells by Targeting GSK-3β–Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Fan Yang,Hairong Xiong,Li Duan,Qian Li,Xin Li,Yongqin Zhou 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.4

Purpose MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs involved in different cancers, including lung cancer. Here, we aim to investigate the expression profiles of circulating miRNAs and their roles contributed to the progress of lung cancer. Materials and Methods The levels of circulating miRNA in lung cancer patients were investigated by miRNAs assay. Then we predicted the target genes of aberrantly expressing miRNAs by searching genetic databases. Based on the A549 cells transfected with miR-1246 mimics or miR-1246 inhibitor, we further measured the roles of miR-1246 involving in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion capacities of lung cancer cells in vitro. Finally, we detected the effects of miR-1246 on glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/β-catenin pathway by immunofluorescence and Western blot, respectively. Results We identified that 14 miRNAs were aberrantly expressed in the serum of lung cancer patients. Among them, miR-1246 was the most up-regulated. The cell assays indicated that miR-1246 significantly increased the migration and invasion capabilities of A549 lung cancer cells. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that miR-1246 promoted EMT process of A549 cells accompanying with decreasing E-cadherin expression, while increasing vimentin and transforming growth factor β expression. Furthermore, an online tool predicated that miR-1246 might bind to 3'-untranslated region of GSK-3β, which was confirmed by overexpression and knockdown of miR-1246 assays. Conclusion Taken together, the study illustrates that miR-1246 regulates Wnt/β-catenin pathway through targeting GSK-3β/β-catenin, which partly contributing to tumor metastasis. MiR- 1246 may play an essential role in the diagnosis and therapeutic of lung cancer.

Increased Piezo1 channel activity in interstitial Cajal-like cells induces bladder hyperactivity by functionally interacting with NCX1 in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis

Qian Liu,Bishao Sun,Jiang Zhao,Qingqing Wang,Fan An,Xiaoyan Hu,Zhenxing Yang,Jie Xu,Mingjia Tan,Longkun Li 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

The Piezo1 channel is a mechanotransduction mediator, and Piezo1 abnormalities have been linked to several clinical disorders. However, the role of the Piezo1 channel in cystitis-associated bladder dysfunction has not been documented. The current study aimed to discover the functional role of this channel in regulating bladder activity during cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis. One hundred four female rats were randomly assigned to the control, CYP-4h, CYP-48h and CYP-8d groups. CYP successfully induced acute or chronic cystitis in these rats. CYP treatment for 48h or 8d significantly increased Piezo1 channel expression in bladder interstitial Cajal-like cells (ICC-LCs), and the increase in CYP-8d rats was more prominent. In addition, 2.5 μM Grammostola spatulata mechanotoxin 4 (GsMTx4) significantly attenuated bladder hyperactivity in CYP-8d rats by inhibiting the Piezo1 channel in bladder ICCLCs. Furthermore, by using GsMTx4 and siRNA targeting the Piezo1 channel, we demonstrated that hypotonic stressinduced Piezo1 channel activation significantly triggered Ca2+ and Na+ influx into bladder ICC-LCs during CYPinduced chronic cystitis. In addition, the Piezo1 channel functionally interacted with the relatively activated reverse mode of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 (NCX1) in bladder ICC-LCs from CYP-8d rats. In conclusion, we suggest that the functional role of the Piezo1 channel in CYP-induced chronic cystitis is based on its synergistic effects with NCX1, which can significantly enhance [Ca2+]i and result in Ca2+ overload in bladder ICC-LCs, indicating that the Piezo1 channel and NCX1 are potential novel therapeutic targets for chronic cystitis-associated bladder hyperactivity.

Does nonalcoholic fatty liver disease predispose patients to carotid arteriosclerosis and ischemic stroke?

Qian Jin,Rui-Xu Yang,Jian-Gao Fan 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.3

Control Capability

FAN Jun-fang,An Xiao-qian 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

The essential control characteristics for a two and three-loop acceleration autopilot of tactical missile were presented from a frequency analysis perspective. The basic limitation of right-half-phase pole and zero from airframe aerodynamics was analyzed using an open-loop crossover frequency inequality, which showed a consistent conclusion with the final overall stability condition in nature. To reveal the feedback control capability, the rate feedback, rate plus attitude feedback, and linear acceleration feedback, were calculated and simplified based on engineering requirement, respectively. Then an equivalent actuator dynamics were introduced to compute the stability condition at high frequency. Such that the global stability condition was obtained in explicit formulation. The results showed that the autopilot control capability is dominated by actuator bandwidth, and a compromise should be determined between the flight performance and the actuator requirement for a statically instable missile.

Optimal Controller for Near-Space Interceptor with Actuator Saturation

FAN Guo-long,LIANG Xiao-geng,HOU Zhen-qian,YANG Jun 한국항공우주학회 2013 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.14 No.3

The saturation of the actuator impairs the response performance of the near space interceptor control system. A control system based on the properties of linear tracking system is designed for this problem. The properties are that the maximum value of the pseudo-Lyapunov function of the linear tracking control system do not present at the initial state but at the steady state, based on which the bounded stability problem is converted into linear tracking problem. The pseudo-Lyapunov function of the linear tracking system contain the input variables; the amplitude and frequency of the input variables affect the stability of the nonlinear control system. Designate expected closed-loop poles area for different input commands and obtain a controller which is function of input variables. The coupling between variables and linear matrices make the control system design problem non-convex. The non-convex problem is converted into a convex LMI according to the Shur complement lemma and iterative algorithm. Finally the simulation shows that the designed optimal control system is quick and accurate; the rationality of the presented design techniques is validated.

Evaluation of Solar Temperature Field under Different Wind Speeds for Shanghai 65 m Radio Telescope

Hongliang Qian,Deshen Chen,Feng Fan,Ye Liu,Shi-zhao Shen 한국강구조학회 2016 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.16 No.2

The Shanghai 65 m radio telescope is currently the largest full range rotatable radio telescope in Asia. Gravity, wind and temperature are the three main factors which may have a bad effect on the reflector’s surface precision. To study the effect of the thermal deformation caused by daily non-uniform temperature fields on the surface precision of the main reflector, both the temperature field and its effect were studied in detail for two typical days (January 15th and July 15th). The method to simulate temperature fields was studied initially, considering heat conduction, solar radiation, shadowing, air convection, sky radiation and ground radiation. Then, an integral parametric thermal finite element model (FEM) of the telescope was established using the ANSYS thermal analysis module. Finally, the effect of non-uniform temperature fields on the surface precision of the main reflector was estimated in terms of the Root Mean Square (RMS) deformation based on temperature transient analysis. The proposed methods and conclusions drawn can provide valuable information for thermal design, thermal monitoring and thermal control of the Shanghai 65 m radio telescope and other similar giant antenna structures.