http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Cloning and Characterization of a PI-like MADS-Box Gene in Phalaenopsis Orchid
Guo, Bin,Hexige, Saiyin,Zhang, Tian,Pittman, Jon K.,Chen, Donghong,Ming, Feng Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.6
The highly evolved flowers of orchids have colorful sepals and fused columns that offer an opportunity to discover new genes involved in floral development in monocotyledon species. In this investigation, we cloned and characterized the homologous PISTALLATA-like (PI-like) gene PhPI15 ($\underline{Ph}alaenopsis$ $\underline{PI}$ STILLATA # $\underline{15}$), from the Phalaenopsis hybrid cultivar. The protein sequence encoded by PhPI15 contains a typical PI-motif. Its sequence also formed a subclade with other monocot PI-type genes in phylogenetic analysis. Southern analysis showed that PhPI15 was present in the Phalaenopsis orchid genome as a single copy. Furthermore, it was expressed in all the whorls of the Phalaenopsis flower, while no expression was detected in vegetative organs. The flowers of transgenic tobacco plants ectopically expressing PhPI15 showed male-sterile phenotypes. Thus, as a Class-B MADS-box gene, PhPI15 specifies floral organ identity in orchids.
The stability and removal of water-dispersed CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots from water
Chen, Xu,Ok, Yong Sik,Mohan, Dinesh,Pittman Jr., Charles U.,Dou Jr., Xiaomin Elsevier 2017 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.185 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The increasingly wide use of semiconductor nanocrystals inevitably leads to their release into aquatic environment. The aggregation behaviors of 3-mercaptopropionic acid-capped CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots (MPA-QDs) under various water chemistry conditions were examined and their removal using Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> and Al<SUP>3+</SUP> coagulants was evaluated. Cationic species rather than concentrations affected the stability of MPA-QDs. Adding 2 mM Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> led to a much larger ζ-potential decrease and particle size increase than adding 150 mM K<SUP>+</SUP> at each tested solution pH. This indicated that complexation and depletion of surface-bound carboxyl groups by divalent Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> has a more pronounced effect than compression of the electrical double layer by high concentrations of monovalent K<SUP>+</SUP>. The presence of humic acid increased the stability of MPA-QDs, which might increase negative surface charging <I>via</I> overcoating or bind to the surface of MPA-QDs. The nanoparticles exhibited similar aggregation kinetics patterns in tap water and seawater, but varying patterns in the lake water because of the co-existence of 2.3 mM total of Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> and Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>. MPA-QDs (5 mg L<SUP>−1</SUP>) were readily coagulated by 2.4 mM Al<SUP>3+</SUP> or 1.2 mM Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> in tap water. Al<SUP>3+</SUP> and Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> can bind with carboxyl groups of the surface capping ligands, neutralize the negative charges on the surface of MPA-QDs and decrease the electrostatic repulsion forces to induce MPA-QDs aggregation. In addition, MPA-QDs could be bound with and wrapped into the flocs of hydrolysis products of coagulants. The results reported here could help broaden our understanding of the impacts and remediation of water-dispersed core-shell QD nanoparticles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The stability, aggregation and remediation of core/shell QDs were evaluated. </LI> <LI> Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> led to severe aggregation of soluble QDs than K<SUP>+</SUP> at much lower concentrations. </LI> <LI> Depletion of surface bound ligand has a more pronounced effect than compression EDL. </LI> <LI> QDs exhibited different aggregation patterns in tap water, seawater and lake water. </LI> <LI> Both Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> and Al<SUP>3+</SUP> were able to remediate QDs from water but the former was better. </LI> </UL> </P>
Designing Vegetables and Fruits for Improved Nutrition and Health – Calcium
Sunghun Park,Ning Hui Cheng,Jon K. Pittman,Kil Sun Yoo,Jungeun Park,Tae-Suk Kang,Chang-Kil Kim,Jeung-Sul Han,Sunggil Kim,Leonard M. Pike,Roberta H. Smith,Bhimanagouda S. Patil,Kendal D. Hirschi 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-
Knox, J. J.,Barrios, C. H.,Kim, T. M.,Cosgriff, T.,Srimuninnimit, V.,Pittman, K.,Sabbatini, R.,Rha, S. Y.,Flaig, T. W.,Page, R. D.,Beck, J. T.,Cheung, F.,Yadav, S.,Patel, P.,Geoffrois, L.,Niolat, J.,B Oxford University Press 2017 ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY Vol.28 No.6
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>RECORD-3 compared everolimus and sunitinib as first-line therapy, and the sequence of everolimus followed by sunitinib at progression compared with the opposite (standard) sequence in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This final overall survival (OS) analysis evaluated mature data for secondary end points.</P><P><B>Patients and methods</B></P><P>Patients received either first-line everolimus followed by second-line sunitinib at progression (<I>n = </I>238) or first-line sunitinib followed by second-line everolimus (<I>n = </I>233). Secondary end points were combined first- and second-line progression-free survival (PFS), OS, and safety. The impacts of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and baseline levels of soluble biomarkers on OS were explored.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>At final analysis, median duration of exposure was 5.6 months for everolimus and 8.3 months for sunitinib. Median combined PFS was 21.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 15.1–26.7] with everolimus-sunitinib and 22.2 months (95% CI 16.0–29.8) with sunitinib-everolimus [hazard ratio (HR)<SUB>EVE-SUN/SUN-EVE</SUB>, 1.2; 95% CI 0.9–1.6]. Median OS was 22.4 months (95% CI 18.6–33.3) for everolimus-sunitinib and 29.5 months (95% CI 22.8–33.1) for sunitinib-everolimus (HR<SUB>EVE-SUN/SUN-EVE</SUB>, 1.1; 95% CI 0.9–1.4). The rates of grade 3 and 4 adverse events suspected to be related to second-line therapy were 47% with everolimus and 57% with sunitinib. Higher NLR and 12 soluble biomarker levels were identified as prognostic markers for poor OS with the association being largely independent of treatment sequences.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Results of this final OS analysis support the sequence of sunitinib followed by everolimus at progression in patients with mRCC. The safety profiles of everolimus and sunitinib were consistent with those previously reported, and there were no unexpected safety signals.</P><P><B>Clinical Trials number</B></P><P>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT00903175</P>