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Expression of placenta growth factor mRNA in the rat placenta during mid-late pregnancy
Phil-Ok Koh,Wan-Sung Choi,Gyeong-Jae Cho,Chung-Kil Won 대한수의학회 2005 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.6 No.3
The placenta is an essential organ that synthesizes several growth and angiogenic factors for its own growth as well as fetal development. It is known that the placenta growth factor (PlGF) is a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor family and is critical for placental growth and fetal development. However, there is little information regarding the expression pattern and cellular localization of PlGF mRNA in rat placenta during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to define the distribution of PlGF mRNA in rat placenta at various gestations. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression level of PlGF mRNA increased as gestation advanced. Using in situ hybridization histochemistry, positive cells of PlGF mRNA were detected in chorionic villi. PlGF mRNA was expressed in the trophoblast cells and stroma cells surrounding the blood vessels within chorionic villi on day 13 and 15. Also, positive signals of PlGF mRNA were strongly detected in stroma cells of chorionic villi on day 17, 19, and 21. In particular, the density and number of positive signals of PlGF mRNA was significantly increased as gestation advanced. The expression pattern of PlGF mRNA in rat placenta during pregnancy demonstrates that PlGF plays a functional role for placental growth and fetal development during mid-late pregnancy.
Occult Intertrochanteric Fracture Mimicking the Fracture of Greater Trochanter
( Phil Hyun Chung ),( Suk Kang ),( Jong Pil Kim ),( Young Sung Kim ),( Ho Min Lee ),( In Hwa Back ),( Kyeong Soo Eom ) 대한고관절학회 2016 Hip and Pelvis Vol.28 No.2
Purpose: Occult intertrochanteric fractures are misdiagnosed as isolated greater trochanteric fractures in some cases. We investigated the utility of three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and outcome management of occult intertrochanteric fractures. Materials and Methods: This study involved 23 cases of greater trochanteric fractures as diagnosed using plain radiographs from January 2004 to July 2013. Until January 2008, 9 cases were examined with 3D-CT only, while 14 cases were screened with both 3D-CT and MRI scans. We analyzed diagnostic accuracy and treatment results following 3D-CT and MRI scanning. Results: Nine cases that underwent 3D-CT only were diagnosed with isolated greater trochanteric fractures without occult intertrochanteric fractures. Of these, a patient with displacement received surgical treatment. Of the 14 patients screened using both CT and MRI, 13 were diagnosed with occult intertrochanteric fractures. Of these, 11 were treated with surgical intervention and 2 with conservative management. Conclusion: Three-dimensional CT has very low diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing occult intertrochanteric fractures. For this reason, MRI is recommended to confirm a suspected occult intertrochanteric fracture and to determine the most appropriate mode of treatment.
Phil-Ok Koh,Chung-Kil Won,Jae-Hyun Cho,Oh-Sung Park,Myeong-Ok Kim,Jin-Hee Sung 한국실험동물학회 2007 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.23 No.2
Severe diabetes in pregnant rats increases the risk for embryonic abnormalities. This study investigated whether diabetes in pregnant rats lead to apoptotic cell death in the placenta. Diabetes was induced by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (35 ㎎/㎏) on day 0 of pregnancy, blood and tissue samples were collected on day 20. In the diabetic group, maternal body weight significantly decreased, and TUNEL-positive cells increased in the trophoblast cells within the placental villi. Expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL decreased in the diabetic group, compared to those of control group. While, the levels of Bax and Caspase-3 increased in diabetic group, compared to controls. Our findings demonstrate that streptozotocin-induced diabetes leads the apoptotic cell death of placental tissue through the regulation of Bcl-2 family protein levels, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bax.
Effects of Various Laser Wavelengths and Power Densities on the Ocular Damage in Pigmented Rats
Chung, Phil-Sang,Shin, Jang-In,Chang, Moo-Hwan,Chang, So-Young,Kang, Jung-Wook,Hwang, Hee-Jun,Ahn, Jin-Chul 대한의생명과학회 2008 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.14 No.3
With the widespread use of laser in medical and industrial settings, the incidence of laser injury to the ocular continues to grow among workers involved in handling lasers. The aim of this study is to compare ocular damages after irradiation with various laser wavelengths and power density. Ocular of pigmented rats was irradiated with $CO_2$ laser, 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, and 532 nm diode laser. We observed damage of cornea, lens, and retina using slit lamp microscope and funduscopy. H&E staining of histopathology were applied to study the specimens. The higher exposure ($200mW/cm^2$, 10 sec) with $CO_2$ laser resulted in severe damage at the cornea. For the 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, the higher exposure than $10mW/cm^2$ (10 sec) resulted in damage at the cornea and lens. Further, with the 532 nm diode laser, retinal lesions were induced when $10mW/cm^2$ (0.25 sec) was delivered to the eye. Theses results suggest that the ocular damages are different from various laser wavelength and power density.
Chung, Tae Nyoung,Kim, Jin Hee,Choi, Bo Young,Chung, Sung Phil,Kwon, Sung Won,Suh, Sang Won unknown 2015 Stem cells translational medicine Vol.4 No.2
<P>Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) is the leading cause of a poor prognosis even after successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Therapeutic induction of hypothermia (TH) is the only proven therapy-and current standard care-for GCI after cardiac arrest; however, its application has been significantly limited owing to technical difficulties. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to suppress neuronal death after cerebral ischemia. The prevention of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption has not been suggested as a mechanism of MSC treatment but has for TH. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of MSC administration on BBB disruption and neutrophil infiltration after GCI. To evaluate the therapeutic effects of MSC treatment, rats were subjected to 7 minutes of transient GCI and treated with MSCs immediately after reperfusion. Hippocampal neuronal death was evaluated at 7 days after ischemia using Fluoro-Jade B (FJB). BBB disruption, endothelial damage, and neutrophil infiltration were evaluated at 7 days after ischemia by immunostaining for IgG leakage, Rat endothelial antigen-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Rats treated with MSCs showed a significantly reduced FJB+ neuron count compared with the control group. They also showed reduced IgG leakage, endothelial damage, and MPO+ cell counts. The present study demonstrated that administration of MSCs after transient GCI provides a dramatic protective effect against hippocampal neuronal death. We hypothesized that the neuroprotective effects of MSC treatment might be associated with the prevention of BBB disruption and endothelial damage and a decrease in neutrophil infiltration.</P>
Proteomic Analysis of Pancreata from Mini-Pigs Treated with Streptozotocin as Type I Diabetes Models
( Phil Young Lee ),( Sung Goo Park ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Myung Sup Lee ),( Sang J. Chung ),( Sang Chul Lee ),( Dae Yeul Yu ),( Kwang Hee Bae ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.4
Chung Sung Phil,Sohn Youdong,Lee Jisook,Cho Youngsuk,Cha Kyoung-Chul,Heo Ju Sun,Kim Ai-Rhan Ellen,Kim Jae Guk,Kim Han-Suk,Shin Hyungoo,안치원,우호걸,Lee Byung Kook,Jang Yong Soo,Choi Yu Hyeon,Hwang Sung Oh 대한응급의학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.10 No.4
Considerable evidence has been published since the 2020 Korean Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guidelines were reported. The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) also publishes the Consensus on CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) summary annually. This review provides expert opinions by reviewing the recent evidence on CPR and ILCOR treatment recommendations. The authors reviewed the CoSTR summary published by ILCOR in 2021 and 2022. PICO (patient, intervention, comparison, outcome) questions for each topic were reviewed using a systemic or scoping review methodology. Two experts were appointed for each question and reviewed the topic independently. Topics suggested by the reviewers for revision or additional description of the guidelines were discussed at a consensus conference. Forty-three questions were reviewed, including 15 on basic life support, seven on advanced life support, two on pediatric life support, 11 on neonatal life support, six on education and teams, one on first aid, and one related to COVID-19. Finally, the current Korean CPR Guideline was maintained for 28 questions, and expert opinions were suggested for 15 questions.
Effects of Various Laser Wavelengths and Power Densities on the Ocular Damage in Pigmented Rats
Phil-Sang Chung,Jang-In Shin,Moo-hwan Chang,So-Young Chang,Jung-Wook Kang,Heejun Hwang,Jin-Chul Ahn 대한의생명과학회 2008 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.14 No.3
With the widespread use of laser in medical and industrial settings, the incidence of laser injury to the ocular continues to grow among workers involved in handling lasers. The aim of this study is to compare ocular damages after irradiation with various laser wavelengths and power density. Ocular of pigmented rats was irradiated with CO₂ laser, 1064 ㎚ Nd:YAG laser, and 532 ㎚ diode laser. We observed damage of cornea, lens, and retina using slit lamp microscope and funduscopy. H&E staining of histopathology were applied to study the specimens. The higher exposure (200 ㎽/㎠, 10 sec) with CO₂ laser resulted in severe damage at the cornea. For the 1064 ㎚ Nd:YAG laser, the higher exposure than 10 ㎽/㎠ (10 sec) resulted in damage at the cornea and lens. Further, with the 532 ㎚ diode laser, retinal lesions were induced when 10 ㎽/㎠ (0.25 sec) was delivered to the eye. Theses results suggest that the ocular damages are different from various laser wavelength and power density.
Chung, Tae Nyoung,Kim, Jin Hee,Choi, Bo Young,Jeong, Ju-Yeon,Chung, Sung Phil,Kwon, Sung Won,Suh, Sang Won by 2017 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine a 2017 Critical care medicine Vol.45 No.5
OBJECTIVES:: Global cerebral ischemia is a cause of poor prognosis after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Various attempts have been made to minimize global cerebral ischemia but none been more effective than mild hypothermia induction. A few studies have shown the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on global cerebral ischemia, but no studies have compared this effect with mild hypothermia or assessed any possible interaction. We aimed to show the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on delayed neuronal death after global cerebral ischemia and to compare this effect with mild hypothermia. DESIGN:: Experimental study. SETTING:: Animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS:: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–300 g. INTERVENTIONS:: Rats were subjected to 7 minutes of transient global cerebral ischemia and randomized into four groups: control, mild hypothermia, injection of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and combined application of mild hypothermia and mesenchymal stem cells, along with four sham groups treated identically. Rats were euthanized 7 days after global cerebral ischemia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: Degree of neuronal death in hippocampus was significantly higher in control than in other groups. The number of activated microglia was higher in control group than in other groups and was higher in mild hypothermia than shams, mesenchymal stem cells, mild hypothermia/mesenchymal stem cells. Degree of blood-brain barrier disruption and the count of infiltrated neutrophils were significantly higher in control than in other groups. Degree of oxidative injury was significantly higher in control than other groups. It was higher in mild hypothermia than sham groups, mesenchymal stem cells, mild hypothermia/mesenchymal stem cells and was higher in mesenchymal stem cells group than sham groups. Significantly, worse functional results were found in control than in other groups. CONCLUSIONS:: Administration of mesenchymal stem cells after transient global cerebral ischemia has a prominent protective effect on delayed neuron death, even compared with mild hypothermia.