Areas of Ethical Inquiry Related to Artificial Intelligence

Gyunyeol Park(Gyunyeol Park),Jungbae Bang(Jungbae Bang) J-INSTITUTE 2024 Robotics & AI Ethics Vol.9 No.-

Purpose: This study aims to explore areas of ethical inquiry related to artificial intelligence and what tasks need to be solved in each area. Method: We reviewed various Eastern and Western literature and various media reports related to artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence ethics. Results: Artificial intelligence technology is widely used in almost all fields, and is seeking development to the stage of general artificial intelligence (AGI), which is similar to human natural intelligence. In this process, unethical issues are being raised along with serious concerns that artificial intelligence may threaten humans. Accordingly, areas that need to be ethically explored in relation to artificial intelligence are divided into four areas: establishment of ethical principles for establishing artificial intelligence policy, ethical prediction and analysis in artificial intelligence research, artificial intelligence developer ethics, and artificial intelligence user ethics. It can be. Conclusion: Tasks to be solved in each area of ethical inquiry include the creation of international level ethical principles and treaties and monitoring organizations, the development of 'explainable artificial intelligence' technology for ethical prediction and analysis of artificial intelligence, and engineering ethics for artificial intelligence developers. The establishment of the concept, development of the education system, and development of an integrated artificial intelligence education program for artificial intelligence users were presented.

부피 팽창을 이용한 불소계 탄성체의 수명 예측에 관한 연구

박정배(Jungbae Park),이범철(Beomcheol Lee),정윤석(Yeunseok Jung),하병근(Byunggeun Ha),김의수(Euisoo Kim) 항공우주시스템공학회 2014 항공우주시스템공학회 학술대회 발표집 Vol.2014 No.5

Ferrimagnetic and Metallic Properties of (001) NiCo2O4 Films Fabricated at Various Oxygen Pressures

Jungbae Kim,Yeon Jung Park,Joonghoe Dho 한국자기학회 2023 Journal of Magnetics Vol.28 No.2

Epitaxial (001) NiCo2O4 films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were grown on (001) MgAl2O4 at various oxygen pressures of 10-200 mTorr using pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction suggested that the lattice constant, crystallinity, and deposition rate displayed distinctive changes around 50 mTorr. The temperaturedependent resistance displayed an insulating behavior in the films grown below 15 mTorr but a metallic one in the films grown above 20 mTorr. Magneto-optical Kerr effect measurement suggested that the NiCo2O4 films grown above 15 mTorr are ferrimagnetic at room temperature and possess a distinctive perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The ferrimagnetic-to-paramagnetic transition temperature reached a maximum of ~385 K at 50 mTorr. During the magnetic reversal, the density of small nucleated domains increased with increasing oxygen pressure from 20 to 200 mTorr, and exhibited metallic ferrimagnetism at room temperature. Consequently, the optimal growth condition for magnetic device applications of NiCo2O4 films is believed to be 50-200 mTorr at 320 ℃.

Uprising of ChatGPT and Ethical Problems

Jungbae Bang,Gyunyeol Park J-INSTITUTE 2023 Robotics & AI Ethics Vol.8 No.-

Purpose: This study aims to examine ethical issues following the emergence of ChatGPT, evaluate ChatGPT with a focus on moral competence, and seek ethical solutions. Methods: This study tries to use various literature and various media reports from the East and West dealing with the technology, operation method, and ethical issues of ChatGPT. In the detailed analysis of moral problems following the emergence of ChatGPT, the satisfaction of each element was evaluated based on moral competence, and alternatives were presented. Result: As a result of the study, the ethical issues that can be raised following the emergence of ChatGPT include the possibility of plagiarism and copyright infringement, damage to the fairness of the test, use for criminal purposes, occurrence of social stereotypes and unfair discrimination, invasion of personal privacy and organization's Security exposure, reduced critical thinking, and loss of genuine human relationships. And as a result of evaluating the ethical issues of ChatGPT centering on moral competence, it is evaluated that moral identity, moral sensitivity, and moral practice are possible to implement, but moral judgment is evaluated to have many limitations. In order to solve these ethical problems, a utilitarian approach was proposed. Conclusion: The most optimal decisions and actions related to the design, development, adoption, deployment, maintenance and evolution of ChatGPT should do the most good or the least harm to society. To do this, responsible AI toolkits and frameworks must have an ethical perspective built in, allowing for a balanced view of what is right and wrong. Along with this, a multi-stakeholder approach is needed to create a good AI society.

Sustainable Land Redevelopment Strategy of Morocco Based on an Eco Ethics Perspective

( Gyunyeol Park ),( Jungbae Bang ),( Hojong Lee ),( Daechol Kwon ),( Jongnam Choi ) 국제인문사회연구학회 2024 Studies on Humanities and Social Sciences (SHSC) Vol.6 No.1

This study aims to explore sustainable land redevelopment strategies in Morocco based on an eco-ethical perspective, taking into account the complexity of Morocco's topography and climate. Specifically, this study presents practical measures for national development suited to Morocco’s socioeconomic conditions and natural environment, including Morocco’s climate, topography, vegetation, and geographical location around the Sahara Desert. To this end, this study takes an interdisciplinary approach including policy, finance, ethics, geography, and education. As a result of the research, we propose the following sustainable land redevelopment plan that can promote development while maintaining Morocco's natural environment. First, mountain lake maintenance and water retention are carried out using bamboo, an eco-friendly material. Second, rainwater storage tanks and sewage treatment facilities are utilized as an efficient way to preserve groundwater. Third, to secure absolute green space, cultivation of farmland in hilly areas and construction of houses in mountainous areas are restricted. Fourth, in order to secure biodiversity when restoring forests, it is necessary to limit the types of crops and tree species planted. Fifth, voluntary participation of the people is necessary for sustainable national land development, and to this end, democratic citizenship education and environmental ethics education for youth and citizens must be strengthened. This study will contribute to establishing theoretical and practical directions that the Moroccan government should consider when pursuing national redevelopment.

Development of a low-energy beam transport system at KBSI heavy-ion accelerator

Bahng, Jungbae,Lee, Byoung-Seob,Sato, Yoichi,Ok, Jung-Woo,Park, Jin Yong,Yoon, Jang-Hee,Choi, Seyong,Won, Mi-Sook,Kim, Eun-San Elsevier 2015 Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Vol.769 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The Korea Basic Science Institute has developed a heavy ion accelerator for fast neutron radiography [1]. To meet the requirements for fast neutron generation, we have developed an accelerator system that consists of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECR-IS), low-energy beam transport (LEBT) system, radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ), medium-energy beam transport system, and drift tube linac. In this paper, we present the development of the LEBT system as a part of the heavy ion accelerator system, which operates from the ECR-IS to the RFQ entrance.</P>

온라인 음악 사이트의 서비스품질이 고객만족에 미치는 영향 연구

유지연(Yoo jiyun),박정배(Park jungbae) 한국예술경영학회 2008 예술경영연구 Vol.13 No.-

The advance of Internet and the introduction of MP3 digital file have brought the change in consumers’ music consumption patterns and also led to the dramatic change in its value chain throughout musical contents’ production, distribution, marketing and consumption, which has eventually changed the overall music industry paradigm. However, although this new MP3 download and streaming services provide diverse advantages by remarkably reducing the reproduction and distribution cost, it has caused the copyright infringement disputes and has acted as one of main reasons to explain the overall music market depression. Few researches have conducted to develop a valid and reliable set of measures for assessing consumer perception of free contents. This study is designed to examine online music sites because it is considered that digital technology development has more remarkably influenced on the music industry than any other industries, and there has been a huge impact on the change of consumers’ behavior and perception due to the free online sites. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relative effects of each digital contents service quality on customer satisfaction and to provide differentiated strategic implications to marketers by comparing the impacts of each service dimension between paid and free music sites on customer satisfaction. The results of this study were summarized as follows. First, each digital contents service quality shows a significant effect on customer satisfaction both in paid and free online music sites. Especially, among the service quality dimensions, the communication quality in paid online sites shows the most significant effect on customer satisfaction. Second, such customer satisfaction of digital contents service quality also shows a significant effect on re-use intention. Currently, most paid online contents companies have confronted two-sided difficulties: the transform of free online music site users to paid online music site and the retention of existed paid users under the competitive environment among many paid online sites. Therefore, by providing important dimensions of digital service quality between paid and free online sites on customer satisfaction, this study can give the managerial implications to paid online marketers in providing more benefits and satisfaction to paid online users.

해양환경에 노출된 원전 구조물의 내구성능

이춘민(Lee Choonmin),박광필(Park Kguangpil),이정배(Lee Jungbae),송창학(Song Changhak),윤의식(Yoon Euisik),김성수(Kim Sungsoo) 한국콘크리트학회 2011 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

Encapsulation of crosslinked α-chymotrypsin aggregates in SBA-15

Moon Il Kim,Jungbae Kim,Jinwoo Lee,Taehwan Hyeon,Hyun Gyu Park,Ho Nam Chang 한국생물공학회 2005 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.4

Crosslinked enzyme aggregates in hierarchically-ordered mesoporous silica: A simple and effective method for enzyme stabilization

Kim, Moon Il,Kim, Jungbae,Lee, Jinwoo,Jia, Hongfei,Na, Hyon Bin,Youn, Jong Kyu,Kwak, Ja Hun,Dohnalkova, Alice,Grate, Jay W.,Wang, Ping,Hyeon, Taeghwan,Park, Hyun Gyu,Chang, Ho Nam Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Biotechnology and bioengineering Vol.96 No.2

<P>α-chymotrypsin (CT) and lipase (LP) were immobilized in hierarchically-ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica (HMMS) in a simple but effective way for the enzyme stabilization, which was achieved by the enzyme adsorption followed by glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinking. This resulted in the formation of nanometer scale crosslinked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) entrapped in the mesocellular pores of HMMS (37 nm), which did not leach out of HMMS through narrow mesoporous channels (13 nm). CLEA of α-chymotrypsin (CLEA-CT) in HMMS showed a high enzyme loading capacity and significantly increased enzyme stability. No activity decrease of CLEA-CT was observed for 2 weeks under even rigorously shaking condition, while adsorbed CT in HMMS and free CT showed a rapid inactivation due to the enzyme leaching and presumably autolysis, respectively. With the CLEA-CT in HMMS, however, there was no tryptic digestion observed suggesting that the CLEA-CT is not susceptible to autolysis. Moreover, CLEA of lipase (CLEA-LP) in HMMS retained 30% specific activity of free lipase with greatly enhanced stability. This work demonstrates that HMMS can be efficiently employed as host materials for enzyme immobilization leading to highly enhanced stability of the immobilized enzymes with high enzyme loading and activity. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;96: 210–218. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>