Violet luminescence from ZnO nanorods grown by room temperature pulsed laser deposition

R.S. Ajimsha,R. Manoj,P.M. Aneesh,M.K. Jayaraj 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.2

ZnO thin films were deposited at room temperature by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) varying the oxygen pressure. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated the formation of ZnO nanorods at a particular oxygen pressure. Room temperature violet luminescence was observed from these ZnO nanorods and temperature dependence of luminescence was studied. Influence of oxygen pressure on the growth of ZnO thin films by PLD was studied using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of both post ablated targets and deposited films. The ZnO films were crystalline and the formation of crystalline phase is found to follow a pressure–temperature (P–T) scaling with increase of temperature.

Oxidative degradation of benzoic acid using Fe⁰- and sulfidized Fe⁰-activated persulfate: A comparative study

Rayaroth, Manoj P.,Lee, Chung-Seop,Aravind, Usha K.,Aravindakumar, Charuvila T.,Chang, Yoon-Seok Elsevier 2017 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.315 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Implications of sulfidized Fe<SUP>0</SUP> (nFe/FeS) for the abatement of pollutants of various categories are widely established. In this study, degradation of one of the major organic pollutants, benzoic acid (BA), has been performed using persulfate activated with nFe/FeS. Complete degradation of BA and its transformed product, hydroxybenzoic acid, was observed within 6min. When the degradation was performed at alkaline pH, the degradation decreased to 8% in the case of Fe<SUP>0</SUP>, but nFe/FeS still showed 100% degradation after 60min. Iron dissolution and persulfate decomposition in the presence of scavengers showed that both sulfate and hydroxyl radicals were involved in the Fe<SUP>0</SUP>-persulfate system and that the hydroxyl radicals were the major species in the nFe/FeS-persulfate system. The major degradation pathway of benzoic acid was hydroxylation followed by complete mineralization, as supported by the practical removal of total organic carbons (more than 75% within 15min). The observed results are promising in using persulfate activated by nFe/FeS for the remediation of various micro-pollutants from a multitude of water sources.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sulfidized Fe<SUP>0</SUP> (nFe/FeS)-activated persulfate is reported here for the first time. </LI> <LI> Fast degradation of benzoic acid was observed using nFe/FeS-activated persulfate. </LI> <LI> The degradation efficiency followed the order of nFe/FeS>Fe<SUP>0</SUP> ≫>Fe<SUP>2+</SUP>. </LI> <LI> nFe/FeS is more useful in a wide range of pH compared with Fe<SUP>0</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Better mineralization was found as another advantage of nFe/FeS. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

THE <i>SPITZER</i> INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH SURVEY OF PROTOPLANETARY DISKS IN ORION A. I. DISK PROPERTIES

Kim, K. H.,Watson, Dan M.,Manoj, P.,Forrest, W. J.,Furlan, Elise,Najita, Joan,Sargent, Benjamin,Herná,ndez, Jesú,s,Calvet, Nuria,Adame, Lucí,a,Espaillat, Catherine,Megeath, S. T.,Muz American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.226 No.1

<P>We present our investigation of 319 Class II objects in Orion A observed by Spitzer/IRS. We also present the follow-up observations of 120 of these Class II objects in Orion A from the Infrared Telescope Facility/SpeX. We measure continuum spectral indices, equivalent widths, and integrated fluxes that pertain to disk structure and dust composition from IRS spectra of Class II objects in Orion A. We estimate mass accretion rates using hydrogen recombination lines in the SpeX spectra of our targets. Utilizing these properties, we compare the distributions of the disk and dust properties of Orion A disks with those of Taurus disks with respect to position within Orion A (Orion Nebular Cluster [ONC] and L1641) and with the subgroups by the inferred radial structures, such as transitional disks (TDs) versus radially continuous full disks (FDs). Our main findings are as follows. (1) Inner disks evolve faster than the outer disks. (2) The mass accretion rates of TDs and those of radially continuous FDs are statistically significantly displaced from each other. The median mass accretion rate of radially continuous disks in the ONC and L1641 is not very different from that in Taurus. (3) Less grain processing has occurred in the disks in the ONC compared to those in Taurus, based on analysis of the shape index of the 10 mu m silicate feature (F-11.3/F-9.8). (4) The 20-31 mu m continuum spectral index tracks the projected distance from the most luminous Trapezium star, theta(1) Ori C. A possible explanation is UV ablation of the outer parts of disks.</P>

Design Optimization and Simulation Study of the Engine Transportation Metal Pallet for Stationary and Movable Condition

Manoj P. Talele,Ashok J. Keche 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.5

In transportation theory each and every equipment has its own importance. The main aim is only to be safe transport of finished goods. In the transportation many types of pallets are used. Generally the standard pallets are used in all the industry, because they are easily available and ordered from local market. The disposal of this standardize pallet is also easy. The engine transportation is the special case of transport when it comes to export of engines across countries. Before this type of design optimization it is needed to check with the all circumstance related to failures occurring while exporting the product across countries. The pallet design is optimized and simulated for the critical behavior of pallet. The design of pallet is simulated for the transportation and stationary (story building) condition with the aid of FEA analysis using analysis software.

A new and selective cycle for dehydrogenation of linear and cyclic alkanes under mild conditions using a base metal

Solowey, Douglas P.,Mane, Manoj V.,Kurogi, Takashi,Carroll, Patrick J.,Manor, Brian C.,Baik, Mu-Hyun,Mindiola, Daniel J. Nature Publishing Group 2017 Nature chemistry Vol.9 No.11

Selectively converting linear alkanes to α-olefins under mild conditions is a highly desirable transformation given the abundance of alkanes as well as the use of olefins as building blocks in the chemical community. Until now, this reaction has been primarily the remit of noble-metal catalysts, despite extensive work showing that base-metal alkylidenes can mediate the reaction in a stoichiometric fashion. Here, we show how the presence of a hydrogen acceptor, such as the phosphorus ylide, when combined with the alkylidene complex (PNP)Ti=CH<SUP>t</SUP>Bu(CH<SUB>3</SUB>) (PNP=N[2-P(CHMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>-4-methylphenyl]<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>−</SUP>), catalyses the dehydrogenation of cycloalkanes to cyclic alkenes, and linear alkanes with chain lengths of C<SUB>4</SUB> to C<SUB>8</SUB> to terminal olefins under mild conditions. This Article represents the first example of a homogeneous and selective alkane dehydrogenation reaction using a base-metal titanium catalyst. We also propose a unique mechanism for the transfer dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons to olefins and discuss a complete cycle based on a combined experimental and computational study.

Optimization of Operational Parameters of Site-specific Pesticide Spray Module for Young Pomegranate Orchards using RSM and RBFNN-PSO Techniques

Sawant C. P.,Jyoti Bikram,Gaikwad B. B.,Gaikwad Nilesh,Kumar Neeraj,Kumar Manoj 한국농업기계학회 2023 바이오시스템공학 Vol.48 No.2

Purpose The present study intended to optimize the spray control parameters of a microcontroller-based site-specifi c spray module under laboratory conditions using response surface methodology (RSM) and radial basis function neural networkparticle swarm optimization (RBFNN-PSO) and to evaluate the fi eld performance of the developed sprayer under optimal parameter conditions. Methods Microcontroller-based site-specifi c spray module was mounted on a test trolley and subjected to increasing levels of nozzle pressure (294, 343, and 392 kPa), speed (0.83, 1.11, and 1.39 m s −1 ), leaf orientation (− 40, 0, and 40°), number of nozzles (3, 4, and 5) and distance of application (0.35 and 0.5 m). The spray uniformity index (SUI) was calculated using the deposition of droplets on water-sensitive paper attached to both sides of the leaves. Results The increase in pressure reduced the volume and number median diameter of droplets while increasing droplet density and coverage. The ANOVA results revealed that pressure, speed, leaf orientations, pressure × speed, and pressure × leaf orientation had a significant effect ( p < 0.01) on SUI. The response curves generated from RSM favoured low pressure and speed for better SUI and predicted optimal parameters reasonably well. Contrary, RBFNN performed superiorly in the simulation of SUI over RSM and RBFNN-PSO-based optimal parameters were 294-kPa pressure, 0.83-m s −1 operational speed, − 40° leaf orientation, 3 nozzles, and 0.35-m distance of application for an SUI of 98.43% against an actual value of 99.18%. Under the field test, the tractor-operated smart sprayer demonstrated a field capacity of 0.84 ha h −1 and field efficiency of 60% along with 46.2% savings in operational cost (Rs. ha −1 ) as compared to battery operated knapsack sprayer and 72% savings of liquid chemical compared to the continuous application as with the case of conventional boom sprayer. Conclusions The site-specifi c spraying integrated with optimal conditions can reduce the chemical amount, input cost, and associated noxious impact on the environment besides improving the spray eff ectiveness.

Performance Analysis of Different Wavelet Families Over Fading Environments for Mobile WiMAX System

Harpreet Kaur,Manoj Kumar,Ajay K Sharma,Harjit P. Singh 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.1

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has made tremendous improvement possible in wireless technology. Wavelet analysis is used as an alternative to Fourier analysis in OFDM system to transform and map data onto orthogonal subcarriers, as it is a time-frequency domain operation thus it offers the advantages of optimal flexibility with less complexity. This paper presents performance analysis in terms of Bit Error rate (BER) of different wavelet families in OFDM System under the joint effect of path loss, multipath fading and noisy environment for Mobile WiMAX. The results obtained show that the performance of the mobile-multipath environments for 16-QAM modulation schemes is enhanced as Daubechies and Biorthogonal wavelet families offers lower BER with different Path loss model. The performance measurements and analysis was done in simulation developed in MATLAB.

Proton therapy for reducing heart and cardiac substructure doses in Indian breast cancer patients

Sapna Nangia(Sapna Nangia ),Nagarjuna Burela(Nagarjuna Burela ),M. P. Noufal(M. P. Noufal ),Kartikeswar Patro(Kartikeswar Patro ),Manoj Gulabrao Wakde(Manoj Gulabrao Wakde ),Dayanada S. Sharma(Dayanad 대한방사선종양학회 2023 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.41 No.2

Purpose: Indians have a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases, often at a younger age, than other ethnic groups. This higher baseline risk requires consideration when assessing additional cardiac morbidity of breast cancer treatment. Superior cardiac sparing is a critical dosimetric advantage of proton therapy in breast cancer radiotherapy. We report here the heart and cardiac-substructure doses and early toxicities in breast cancer patients treated post-operatively with proton therapy in India’s first proton therapy center. Materials and Methods: We treated twenty breast cancer patients with intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) from October 2019 to September 2022, eleven after breast conservation, nine following mastectomy, and appropriate systemic therapy, when indicated. The most prescribed dose was 40 GyE to the whole breast/chest wall and 48 GyE by simultaneous integrated boost to the tumor bed and 37.5 GyE to appropriate nodal volumes, delivered in 15 fractions. Results: Adequate coverage was achieved for clinical target volume (breast/chest wall), i.e., CTV40, and regional nodes, with 99% of the targets receiving 95% of the prescribed dose (V95% > 99%). The mean heart dose was 0.78 GyE and 0.87 GyE for all and left breast cancer patients, respectively. The mean left anterior descending artery (LAD) dose, LAD D0.02cc, and left ventricle dose were 2.76, 6.46, and 0.2 GyE, respectively. Mean ipsilateral lung dose, V20Gy, V5Gy, and contralateral breast dose (Dmean) were 6.87 GyE, 14.6%, 36.4%, and 0.38 GyE, respectively. Conclusion: The dose to heart and cardiac substructures is lower with IMPT than published photon therapy data. Despite the limited access to proton therapy at present, given the higher cardiovascular risk and coronary artery disease prevalence in India, the cardiac sparing achieved using this technique merits consideration for wider adoption in breast cancer treatment.

Dehydrodivanillin: Multi-dimensional NMR Spectral Studies, Surface Morphology and Electrical Characteristics of Thin Films

Manoj Gaur,Jaya Lohani,V. R. Balakrishnan,P. Raghunathan,S. V. Eswaran 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.12

The complete structural characterization of dehydrodivanillin, an important natural product of interest to the food, cosmetics and aroma industries, has been carried out using multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopic techniques, and its previously reported 13C-NMR values have been reassigned. Dense and granular thin films of dehydrodivanillin have been grown by sublimation under high vacuum and studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), electrical and optical techniques. The transmittance spectra of the films indicate a wide optical band gap of more than 3 eV. Typical J-V characteristics of Glass/ITO/dehydrodivanillin/Al structure exhibited moderate current densities ~10-4 A/cm2 at voltages > 25 V with an appreciable SCLC mobility of the order of 10-6 cm2/V-s.

Forest Floor Biomass, Litterfall and Physico-chemical Properties of Soil along the Anthropogenic Disturbance Regimes in Tropics of Chhattisgarh, India

P. R. Oraon,Lalji Singh,Manoj Kumar Jhariya 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.5

The long term ecological effects have been reported in natural forest ecosystem due to various anthropogenic disturbances, especially in tropics of the world. The present study was carried out in the sanctuary area of central India to assess the changes on litter biomass, litterfall pattern and soil attributes under different disturbance regimes. The study area includes three forest circles i.e., Bhoramdeo, Jamunpani and Salehwara each comprising three disturbances regimes viz., high, medium and low severity of biotic pressure. A noticeable variation and impact were recorded in different sites. The impact varies significantly from least disturbed sites to highly disturbed sites across the circle and among different disturbances level. The seasonal mean total forest floor biomass across the forest circles varied from 2.18 to 3.30 t ha -1 . It was found highest under lightly disturbed site and lowest under heavily disturbed site. Total litterfall varied from 5.11 to 7.06 t ha -1 yr -1 across the forest circle. Lowest litterfall was recorded at heavily disturbed site while highest in lightly disturbed site. Annual turnover of litter varied from 69-73% and the turnover time ranged between 1.37-1.45 years. The turn over time was higher for heavily disturbed site and lower for lightly disturbed site. The heavily disturbed site of all the circle showed the sandy loam soil texture, whereas moderately and lightly disturbed site comprised of sandy loam, sandy clay loam and clay soil texture, respectively. The bulk density decreases from heavily disturbed site to lightly disturbed site and the pH of soils ranged from 5.57-6.89 across the circle. Across the circle the total soil nitrogen ranged from 0.12-0.21%, phosphorus from 10.03-24.00 kg and Potassium from 139.88-448.35 kg ha -1 , respectively. Our results demonstrate that anthropogenic disturbances regime significantly influences forest floors in terms of mass, composition and dynamics along with litterfall rate and soil properties.