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Prediction of Water Requirement for Corn in the Coastal Region of Ecuador
( Nicolas Borja ),( Jaepil Cho ),( Kyungsook Choi ) 한국농공학회 2015 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2015 No.-
The impacts of future climate change in crop water requirement (CWR) for corn were investigated in 5 provinces of the coastal region of Ecuador, which presents rainy (winter) and dry (summer) seasons with two climatological regions including wet and dry regions. Weather data from 1986 to 2012 was extracted and adopted as the base line for the study area. The Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios were selected for this study, and 6 Global Climate Model (GCM) selected were downscaled and bias-corrected to predict three future periods of 2025s, 2055s, and 2085s. CROPWAT 8.0 was implemented to estimate the present and future CWR for corn growth. The projected climate showed an increase trend of temperature and rainfall under the RCPs scenarios for three time series. Due to the changes in rainfall and temperature, decreasing CWR in rainy season due to the increment in rainfall was shown while the dry season would have similar pattern of current water demand except some parts of this area showing less water requirement due to increase of rainfall. Since the climate change could affect to corn growth, appropriate measurements should be applied based on the predicted CRW to adapt climate changes.
The JAK/STAT Pathway Is Involved in Synaptic Plasticity
Nicolas, Cé,line ,S.,Peineau, Sté,phane,Amici, Mascia,Csaba, Zsolt,Fafouri, Assia,Javalet, Charlotte,Collett, Valerie ,J.,Hildebrandt, Lars,Seaton, Gillian,Choi, Sun-Lim,Sim, Su-Eo Cell Press 2012 Neuron Vol.73 No.2
<▼1><P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is involved in many cellular processes, including cell growth and differentiation, immune functions and cancer. It is activated by various cytokines, growth factors, and protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and regulates the transcription of many genes. Of the four JAK isoforms and seven STAT isoforms known, JAK2 and STAT3 are highly expressed in the brain where they are present in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Here, we demonstrate a new neuronal function for the JAK/STAT pathway. Using a variety of complementary approaches, we show that the JAK/STAT pathway plays an essential role in the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent long-term depression (NMDAR-LTD) in the hippocampus. Therefore, in addition to established roles in cytokine signaling, the JAK/STAT pathway is involved in synaptic plasticity in the brain.</P></▼1><▼2><P>The authors demonstrate a new neuronal function for the JAK/STAT pathway in the induction of NMDA-receptor-dependent long-term depression (NMDAR-LTD) in the hippocampus.</P></▼2>
Recent Upgrades to the Nuclear Data Tool JANIS
Nicolas Soppera,Manuel Bossant,Emmeric Dupont,Hans Henriksson,Yolanda Rugama 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
JANIS (JAva-based Nuclear Information Software) is a display program designed to facilitate the visualisation of nuclear data, such as decay data, fission yields, cross sections, energy and angular distributions etc. Its objective is to allow the user of nuclear data to access numerical and publication-ready graphical representations without prior knowledge of the storage format. The most common nuclear data formats are supported, and data originating from the major evaluated libraries, such as JEFF, JENDL, ENDF/B, CENDL etc., can be displayed, computed, and compared together and with experimental reaction data from the EXFOR database. In addition, various navigation and search tools are available to explore the nuclear databases. The JANIS software can be used either as a standalone application or directly from the web at www.nea.fr/janis. This software has developed into a popular tool among students and researchers working with nuclear data. Features included in the latest release are described, including plots of covariance matrices and photon-production data. Some examples on the use of JANIS will be given and foreseen development discussed.
Nicolas Le Touz,Thibaud Toullier,Jean Dumoulin 국제구조공학회 2021 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.27 No.2
In this numerical study, an optimal energetic control model applied to local heating sources to prevent black-ice occurrence at transport infrastructure surface is addressed. The heat transfer Finite Element Model developed and boundary conditions hypothesis considered are firstly presented. Several heat powering strategies, in time and space, are then introduced. Secondly, control laws are presented with the objective of preventing ice formation while avoiding excessive energy consumption by taking also into account weather forecast information. In particular, the adjoint state method is adapted for the case of an operation without some continuous properties (discontinuous time heat sources). In such case, a projection from the space of continuous time functions to a piecewise constant one is proposed. To perform optimal control, the adjoint state method is addressed and discussed for the different powering solutions. To preserve some specific technical components and maintain their lifetime, operational constraints are considered and different formulations for the control law are proposed. Time dependent convecto-radiative boundary conditions are introduced in the model by extracting information from existing weather databases. Extension to updated inline weather forecast services is also presented and discussed. The final minimization problem considered has to act on both energy consumption and non-freezing surface temperature by integrating these specific constraints. As a consequence, the final optimal solution is estimated by an algorithm relying on the combination of adjoint state method and gradient descent that fits mathematical constraints. Results obtained by numerical simulations for different operative conditions with various weather conditions are presented and discussed. Finally, conclusion and perspectives are proposed.
Foreign Direct Investment and Productivity Spillovers: the Experience of ASEAN Countries
( Nicolas Peridy ),( Nathapornpan Piyaareekul Uttama ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2010 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.25 No.2
This paper aims at investigating the productivity spillover effects of FDI inflows to ASEAN countries. A first contribution is related to the development of an original theoretical model of complex multinational firms which simultaneously explores backward and forward linkages due to FDI. As a second contribution, the significance of vertical productivity spillovers in ASEAN countries is tested empirically. For that purpose, and given the lack of data at firm level, the causal relationship between FDI and productivity is investigated by using countryspecific data. Several alternative causality tests are implemented, including both direct and indirect approaches. The main results give strong evidence that FDI causes productivity growth in ASEAN countries. These results correlate the prediction of the theoretical model, which provide a strong support for the relationship between FDI and productivity spillovers.
Micropropagation of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Schott) in temporary immersion bioreactor
Nicolas Niemenak,Alexandre Mboene Noah,Denis Ndoumou Omokolo 한국식물생명공학회 2013 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.7 No.3
This study aims at establishing a temporaryimmersion technique for large-scale propagation ofcocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium). Sucrose was experimentedwith as a determinant factor for shoot multiplicationin this culture system. The highest proliferation rate(68 ± 7) occurred with 20 g l-1 sucrose in the culturemedium. This concentration appeared to be the optimalamount due to its promoting effect on plantlet development. The acclimatized plantlets showed a continuouseffect of sucrose treatment during ex vitro growth, especiallyin low sucrose concentration. This fact is evidencedby the low survival rate (0.13 ± 0.12) and the poor chlorophyllcontent (1.180 ± 0.076 mg g-1) recorded onplantlets derived from 15 g l-1 of sucrose. The treatmentwith 60 g l-1 of sucrose prior to acclimatization was efficientfor roots induction and elongation. The analysis of pHrevealed a fluctuation from one subculture to another, withan overall pH decrease under all treatments tested and,thus, indicates that plants release proton during growth. This feature had an impact on in vitro plantlets growth. Thepotentiality of the temporary immersion technique to fosterthe production of Xanthosoma sagittifolium is discussed.