http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Covalent Immobilization of Penicillin G Acylase onto Fe₃O₄@Chitosan Magnetic Nanoparticles
( Xiao Min Ling ),( Xiang Yu Wang ),( Ping Ma ),( Yi Yang ),( Jie Mei Qin ),( Xue Jun Zhang ),( Ye Wang Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.5
Penicillin G acylase (PGA) was immobilized on magnetic Fe₃O₄@chitosan nanoparticles through the Schiff base reaction. The immobilization conditions were optimized as follows: enzyme/support 8.8 mg/g, pH 6.0, time 40 min, and temperature 25℃. Under these conditions, a high immobilization efficiency of 75% and a protein loading of 6.2 mg/g-support were obtained. Broader working pH and higher thermostability were achieved by the immobilization. In addition, the immobilized PGA retained 75% initial activity after ten cycles. Kinetic parameters Vmax and Km of the free and immobilized PGAs were determined as 0.113 mmol/min/mg-protein and 0.059 mmol/min/mg-protein, and 0.68 mM and 1.19 mM, respectively. Synthesis of amoxicillin with the immobilized PGA was carried out in 40% ethylene glycol at 25℃ and a conversion of 72% was obtained. These results showed that the immobilization of PGA onto magnetic chitosan nanoparticles is an efficient and simple way for preparation of stable PGA.
Exploring Possible Variations of Classroom Interaction in Kindergarten and First - Grade Classrooms
Min Ling Tsai 한국유아교육학회 1998 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.3 No.1
As a small but significant response to current Educational Reform in Taiwan, the study initiates a three-way discussion on the forms and contents of classroom interaction among a college associate professor(the observer), a kindergarten teacher and a first-grade teacher to seek ways to create the $quot;real discussion$quot; in classrooms. The researcher (along with two research assistants) observed and videotaped classroom interactions in the two classrooms weekly, showed some portions of the videotapes to the two classroom teachers every month. After four months` fieldwork, the observation was narrowed down to focus on the Chinese lessons in the first-grade classroom and the diary-picture sharing and discussion time in the kindergarten classroom. While both teachers mentioned the difficulties in making the whole class participate in discussion, after the first three-way discussion session, we have observed changes happening in both classrooms. The first-grade teacher had students teach part of the lesson in turn, that is, acting as $quot;small teachers$quot; to lead the discussion. The kindergarten teacher had the children name their peers to ask questions after talking about their diary-pictures. While students are gaining more opportunities to talk and to lead the discussion, there remain some problems to be solved, such as the teachers` overarching concern of keeping up with the curriculum schedule and the children`s ability in extending the contents of discussion. Teachers` prominent $quot;fear$quot; of letting students talk have to be understood from a more distant context, such as the expectation of teacher role and student role in Taiwan`s culture. Nevertheless, the joint sense-making process in which the three teachers inform one another as to how to organize classroom interaction might provide insights to kindergarten-elementary school transition issues in Taiwan.
Hydrolysable Tannins from Cercidiphyllum japonicum Bark
Min-sung Lee,Hee-jeong Min,Chuan-ling Si,Young-soo Bae 한국목재공학회 2016 목재공학 Vol.44 No.4
The EtOAc and H2O soluble fractions of Katsura tree (Cercidiphyllum japonicum Sieb. Et Zucc) bark extracts were chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column with various aqueous MeOH. Gallic acid (1), methyl galate (2), kurigalin (3), 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (4) and 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (5) were isolated from EtOAc fraction. Isocorilagin (6) and methyl galate (2) were separated from H2O fraction. The structure determination was done by 1H and 13C NMR. Of these isolated compounds, methyl galate (2), kurigalin (3) and isocorilagin (6) were isolated, for the first time, from the bark extracts of Cercidiphyllum japonicum.
Weng, Ling-Ling,Xiang, Jian-Feng,Lin, Jin-Bo,Yi, Shang-Hui,Yang, Li-Tao,Li, Yi-Sheng,Zeng, Hao-Tao,Lin, Sheng-Ming,Xin, Dong-Wei,Zhao, Hai-Liang,Qiu, Shu-Qi,Chen, Tao,Zhang, Min-Guang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24
Liver cancer is one of leading digestive malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need for the development of novel therapies for this deadly disease. It has been proven that asparagus polysaccharide, one of the most active derivates from the traditional medicine asparagus, possesses notable antitumor properties. However, little is known about the efficacy of asparagus polysaccharide as an adjuvant for liver cancer chemotherapy. Herein, we reported that asparagus polysaccharide and its embolic agent form, asparagus gum, significantly inhibited liver tumor growth with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy in an orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor model, while significantly inhibiting angiogenesis and promoting tumor cell apoptosis. Moreover, asparagine gelatinous possessed immunomodulatory functions and showed little toxicity to the host. These results highlight the chemotherapeutic potential of asparagus polysaccharide and warrant a future focus on development as novel chemotherapeutic agent for liver cancer TACE therapy.
Analysis of Cancer Incidence in Zhejiang Cancer Registry in China during 2000 to 2009
Du, Ling-Bin,Li, Hui-Zhang,Wang, Xiang-Hui,Zhu, Chen,Liu, Qing-Min,Li, Qi-Long,Li, Xue-Qin,Shen, Yong-Zhou,Zhang, Xin-Pei,Ying, Jiang-Wei,Yu, Chuan-Ding,Mao, Wei-Min Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14
Objective: The Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Prevention and Control Office collected cancer registration data during 2000 to 2009 from 6 cancer registries in Zhejiang province of China in order to analyze the cancer incidence. Methods: Descriptive analysis included cancer incidence stratified by sex, age and cancer site group. The proportions and cumulative rates of 10 common cancers in different groups were also calculated. Chinese population census in 1982 and Segi's population were used for calculating age-standardized incidence rates. The log-linear model was used for fitting to calculate the incidence trends. Results: The 6 cancer registries in Zhejiang province in China covered a total of 60,087,888 person-years during 2000 to 2009 (males 30,445,904, females 29,641,984). The total number of new cancer cases were 163,104 (males 92,982, females 70,122). The morphology verified cases accounted for 69.7%, and the new cases verified only by information from death certification accounted for 1.23%. The crude incidence rate in Zhejiang cancer registration areas was $271.5/10^5$ during 2000 to 2009 (male $305.41/10^5$, female $236.58/10^5$), age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were $147.1/10^5$ and $188.2/10^5$, the cumulative incidence rate (aged from 0 to 74) being 21.7%. The crude incidence rate was $209.6/10^5$ in 2000, and it increased to $320.20/10^5$ in 2009 (52.8%), with an annual percent change (APC) of 4.51% (95% confidence interval, 3.25%-5.79%). Age-specific incidence rate of 80-84 age group was achieved at the highest point of the incidence curve. Overall with different age groups, the cancer incidences differed, the incidence of liver cancer being highest in 15-44 age group in males; the incidence of breast cancer was the highest in 15-64 age group in females; the incidences of lung cancer were the highest in both males and females over the age of 65 years. Conclusions: Lung cancer, digestive system malignancies and breast cancer are the most common cancers in Zhejiang province in China requiring an especial focus. The incidences of thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer and lymphoma have increased rapidly. Prevention and control measures should be implemented for these cancers.
Feature-preserving, Adaptive and Anisotropic Smoothing Algorithm for Triangular Mesh Models
Liu Xu-min,Yang Li-xin,Li Cai-ling 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.9 No.11
Despite the great success in smoothing of triangular mesh, the classical methods mostly require human interactions. In order to reduce the parameter settings, an adaptive and anisotropic smoothing algorithm for removing noise and preserving features of triangular mesh model was proposed. First calculate the expected normal vector of the model triangles, the expected normal vector should be an accurate representation of the desired movement direction and be similar to the original surface normal vector, and then we compute the value of the offset value. We develop an adaptive coefficient scheme which can avoid the parameter settings to obtain the coefficient value for each vertex. Finally, we updated every vertex’s position of the model by formula. Experimental results show that the algorithm can be adaptive to preserve sharp features and avoid shrinkages by comparing with classical methods.
Electrochemical surface oxidation of carbon nanofibers
Yoon, Chang-Min,Long, Donghui,Jang, Sang-Min,Qiao, Wenming,Ling, Licheng,Miyawaki, Jin,Rhee, Choong-Kyun,Mochida, Isao,Yoon, Seong-Ho Elsevier 2011 Carbon Vol.49 No.1
<P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P><P><ce:figure id='f0045'></ce:figure></P><P><B>Research highlights</B></P><P>► Carbon nanofiber surfaces were functionalized with oxygen-bearing groups through binderless electrochemical oxidation. ► The oxidation of herringbone CNFs was initiated at a relatively low potential at both the anodic and cathodic electrodes, while the O/C atomic ratio remained relatively constant within the range of potentials investigated. ► The relative concentration of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups increased with increasing potential while the amount of carboxylic groups decreased. ► The structure of the CNF was important in determining the O/C atomic ratio, which was especially dependent on the spatial arrangement of graphene layers.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Carbon nanofiber (CNF) surfaces were functionalized with oxygen-bearing groups through electrochemical oxidation. The electrode was prepared without a binder, allowing easy separation of the functionalized CNFs for subsequent applications. The relationships between the applied potential and the CNF structure with the resulting O/C atomic ratio and the distribution of oxygen functional groups were investigated. Surface groups were identified and characterized by elemental analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, micro-attenuated total reflectance FTIR, and cyclic voltammetry. The oxidation of herringbone CNFs was initiated at a relatively low potential at both the anodic and cathodic electrodes, while the O/C atomic ratio remained relatively constant within the range of potentials investigated. The relative concentration of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups increased with increasing potential while the amount of carboxylic groups decreased. The structure of the CNF was important in determining the O/C atomic ratio, which was especially dependent on the spatial arrangement of graphene layers. Tubular CNFs exhibited low O/C atomic ratios while herringbone CNFs, which have a higher surface area, exhibited the largest ratios. The dispersion of the CNFs in water was much more homogeneous following electrochemical oxidation.</P>