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J. Beaulieu,E. Millette,E. Trottier,L.-P. Pre´court,C. Dupont,P. Lemieux 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.3
Previously, we reported that a malleable protein matrix (MPM), composed of whey fermented by a proprietary Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens strain, has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. MPM consumption leads to a considerable reduction in the cytokine and chemokine production (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6), thus lowering chronic inflammation or metaflammation. Inhibition of metaflammation should provide positive impact, particularly in the context of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension. In this study, we investigated whether short-term MPM supplementation ameliorates those features of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The ability of MPM to potentially regulate triglyceride level, cholesterol level, blood glucose level, and hypertension was evaluated in different animal models. MPM lowers triglyceride level by 37% (P<.05) in a poloxamer 407 dyslipidemia-induced rat model. It also reduces total cholesterol by 18% (P<.05) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level by 32% (P<.05) and raises high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level by 17% (P<.01) in Syrian Golden hamsters fed a high fat/high cholesterol diet for 2 weeks. MPM reestablishes the fasting glucose insulin ratio index to normal levels (P=.07) in this latter model and lowers the plasma glucose level area under the curve (−10%, P=.09) in fructose-fed rats after 2 weeks of treatment. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, MPM-treated animals showed a reduction of SBP by at least 13% (P<.05) for 4 weeks. Results from this study suggest that MPM is a functional ingredient with beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, blood glucose control, and hypertension that might contribute to the management of MetS and thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Turgis, M.,Han, J.,Millette, M.,Salmieri, S.,Borsa, J.,Lacroix, M. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Letters in applied microbiology Vol.48 No.6
<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims: </P><P>In this study, we extended our previous work to determine the efficiency of antimicrobial compounds in increase of relative radiosensitivity of <I>Salmonella</I> Typhi in medium fat ground beef (23% fat) by testing 41 different essential oils (EOs), oleoresins and food sauces.</P><P>Methods and Results: </P><P>Ground beef samples inoculated with <I>Salmonella</I> Typhi (10<SUP>6</SUP> CFU g<SUP>−1</SUP><B>)</B> were treated with each antimicrobial compound at a concentration of 0·5% (w/w). Then, the samples (25 g each) were packaged under air and irradiated in a <SUP>60</SUP>Co irradiator at doses from 0 to 1·75 kGy. Radiosensitivity was evaluated by calculating relative radiation sensitivity, defined as the ratio of radiation <I>D</I><SUB>10</SUB> value in the absence/presence of antimicrobial compound.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P>Depending on the compound tested, the addition of antimicrobial compound decreased the <I>D</I><SUB>10</SUB> value of <I>Salmonella</I> Typhi, resulting in an increase of the radiation sensitivity up to more than four times. Among these antimicrobial compounds, Chinese cinnamon EO, clove EO and <I>trans</I>-cinnamaldehyde were most effective to increase the radiosensitivity of <I>Salmonella</I> Typhi in ground beef.</P><P>Significance and Impact of the Study: </P><P>These observations demonstrate that some active compounds can function as radiosensitizers of <I>Salmonella</I> Typhi.</P>
Lacroix, M.,Turgis, M.,Borsa, J.,Millette, M.,Salmieri, S.,Caillet, S.,Han, J. Elsevier 2009 Radiation physics and chemistry Vol.78 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Spice extracts under the form of essential oils (Eos) were tested for their efficiency to increase the relative bacterial radiosensitivity (RBR) of <I>Listeria monocytogenes</I>, <I>Escherichia coli</I> and <I>Salmonella</I> <I>typhi</I> in culture media under different atmospheric conditions. The selected Eos were tested for their ability to reduce the dose necessary to eliminate <I>E. coli</I> and <I>S.</I> <I>typhi</I> in medium fat ground beef (23% fat) and <I>Listeria</I> in ready-to-eat carrots when packed under air or under atmosphere rich in oxygen (MAP). Results have demonstrated that depending of the compound added and the combined treatment used, the RBR increased from 2 to 4 times. In order to evaluate the industrial feasibility, EOs were added in ground beef at a concentration which does not affect the taste and treated at a dose of 1.5kGy. The content of total mesophilic aerobic, <I>E. coli</I>, <I>Salmonella</I>, total coliform, lactic acid bacteria, and <I>Pseudomonas</I> was determined during 28 days. The results showed that the combined treatment (radiation and EOs) can eliminate <I>Salmonella</I> and <I>E. coli</I> when done under air. When done under MAP, <I>Pseudomonas</I> could be eliminated and a shelf life of more than 28 days was observed. An active edible coating containing EOs was also developed and sprayed on ready-to-eat carrots before radiation treatment and <I>Listeria</I> was evaluated. A complete inhibition of <I>Listeria</I> was obtained at a dose of 0.5kGy when applied under MAP. Our results have shown that the combination of an edible coating, MAP, and radiation can be used to maintain the safety of meat and vegetables.</P>
Neurosphere and adherent culture conditions are equivalent for malignant glioma stem cell lines
Maryam Rahman,Karina Reyner,Loic Deleyrolle,Sebastien Millette,Hassan Azari,Bryan W. Day,Brett W. Stringer,Andrew W. Boyd,Terrance G. Johns,Vincent Blot,Rohit Duggal,Brent A. Reynolds 대한해부학회 2015 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.48 No.1
Certain limitations of the neurosphere assay (NSA) have resulted in a search for alternative culture techniques forbrain tumor-initiating cells (TICs). Recently, reports have described growing glioblastoma (GBM) TICs as a monolayer usinglaminin. We performed a side-by-side analysis of the NSA and laminin (adherent) culture conditions to compare the growthand expansion of GBM TICs. GBM cells were grown using the NSA and adherent culture conditions. Comparisons weremade using growth in culture, apoptosis assays, protein expression, limiting dilution clonal frequency assay, genetic affymetrixanalysis, and tumorigenicity in vivo. In vitro expansion curves for the NSA and adherent culture conditions were virtuallyidentical (P=0.24) and the clonogenic frequencies (5.2% for NSA vs. 5.0% for laminin, P=0.9) were similar as well. Likewise,markers of differentiation (glial fibrillary acidic protein and beta tubulin III) and proliferation (Ki67 and MCM2) revealedno statistical difference between the sphere and attachment methods. Several different methods were used to determine thenumbers of dead or dying cells (trypan blue, DiIC, caspase-3, and annexin V) with none of the assays noting a meaningfulvariance between the two methods. In addition, genetic expression analysis with microarrays revealed no significant differencesbetween the two groups. Finally, glioma cells derived from both methods of expansion formed large invasive tumors exhibitingGBM features when implanted in immune-compromised animals. A detailed functional, protein and genetic characterization ofhuman GBM cells cultured in serum-free defined conditions demonstrated no statistically meaningful differences when grownusing sphere (NSA) or adherent conditions. Hence, both methods are functionally equivalent and remain suitable options forexpanding primary high-grade gliomas in tissue culture.
Computer modeling of tornado forces on buildings
Selvam, R. Panneer,Millett, Paul C. Techno-Press 2003 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.6 No.3
A tornado changes its wind speed and direction rapidly; therefore, it is difficult to study the effects of a tornado on buildings in a wind tunnel. In this work, the status of the tornado-structure interaction is surveyed by numerical simulation. Various models of the tornado wind field found in literature are surveyed. Three-dimensional computer modeling work using the turbulence model based on large eddy simulation is presented. The effect of tornado on a cubic building is considered for this study. The Navier-Stokes (NS) equations are approximated by finite difference method, and solved by a semi-implicit procedure. The force coefficients are plotted in time to study the effect of the Rankine-Combined Vortex Model. Some flow visualizations are also reported to understand the flow behavior around the cube.
Large eddy simulation of the tornado-structure interaction to determine structural loadings
Panneer Selvam, R.,Millett, Paul C. Techno-Press 2005 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.8 No.1
A tornado changes its wind speed and direction rapidly; therefore, it is difficult to study the effects of a tornado on buildings in a wind tunnel. The status of the tornado-structure interaction and various models of the tornado wind field found in literature are surveyed. Three dimensional computer modeling work using the turbulence model based on large eddy simulation is presented. The effect of a tornado on a cubic building is considered for this study. The Navier-Stokes (NS) equations are approximated by finite difference method, and solved by an semi-implicit procedure. The force coefficients are plotted in time to study the effect of the Rankine combined vortex model. The tornado is made to translate at a $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$ angle, and the grid resolution is refined. Some flow visualizations are also reported to understand the flow behavior around the cube.