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Perspective of Small-Molecule AdipoR Agonist for Type 2 Diabetes and Short Life in Obesity
Miki Okada-Iwabu,Masato Iwabu,Kohjiro Ueki,Toshimasa Yamauchi,Takashi Kadowaki 대한당뇨병학회 2015 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.39 No.5
Obesity associated with unhealthy diet and lack of exercise is shown to contribute to the onset and/or aggravation of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes, thus placing affected individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Plasma adiponectin levels are decreased in obesity, which causes insulin resistance and diabetes. Therefore, we identified adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) as the therapeutic target. It was suggested that, similarly to caloric restriction and exercise, activation of the AdipoRs may have the potential not only to improve lifestyle-related diseases but to contribute to prolonged the shortened lifespan on a high caloric unhealthy diet. To this end, we have identified “AdipoRon” as an adiponectin receptor agonist. Indeed, AdipoRon ameliorated diabetes associated with obesity as well as to increase exercise endurance, thus prolonging shortened lifespan of obese mice fed on a high fat diet. Additionally, we have recently determined the crystal structures of the human AdipoRs. The seven-transmembrane helices of AdipoRs are structurally distinct from those of G-protein coupled receptors. It is expected that these findings will contribute not only to the elucidation of the AdipoR-related signal transduction but to the development and optimization of AdipoR-targeted therapeutics for obesity-related diseases such as diabetes.
( Miki Hirabayashi ) 아세아여성법학연구소 2008 아세아여성법학 Vol.11 No.-
In Japan, under Article 772 of Civil Code, a baby born within 300 days of its mother`s divorce will be regarded as the child of the previous husband, even if the child`s biological father is the mother`s current husband. So the government do not accept baby` birth registration as it stipulated that its mother`s current husband is the baby`s father. The children denied baby`s birth registration can not have it`s passport and accept various benefit. Many woment and her children face such problems. It is called "The 300 Days Problem" in Japan. Even if a woman can prove that her current husband is her baby`s biological father, she has to clear a legal hurdle to record the baby in his family register. She has to ask her previous husband to testify in court the baby is not his child. But not every ex-husband is cooperative. So such women and children urge the government to improve the situation as so as possible. For example, now, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan issues passport for such children. However the name on passport in not biological but their mother`s previous husband`s. And the Ministry of Justice recognizes babies born within 300 days of the mother`s divorce as those of their new spouses or as illegitimate children, provided the mothers can prove they became pregnant after divorce. As such, the presumend legitimate father of the child can be changed without a trial. However, even the ministry suspects that only 10 percent of such children were saved. The radical solution is to revise the Civil Law. However, to do so, various other problems arise. If we abolish Article 772, we cannot give baby ist father without DNA test. It is an unfortunate decision for majority of children. Therefore we should maintain and make the most of the current system. If a woman wants to record her child in its biological father`s family register, she gets him to go through a legal procedure to recognize the child as his own, This trial does not need participate of her previous husband.
Genetics and Biomarkers of Moyamoya Disease: Significance of RNF213 as a Susceptibility Gene
Miki Fujimura,Shinya Sonobe,Yasuo Nishijima,Kuniyasu Niizuma,Hiroyuki Sakata,Shigeo Kure,Teiji Tominaga 대한뇌졸중학회 2014 Journal of stroke Vol.16 No.2
Moyamoya disease is characterized by a progressive stenosis at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and an abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain. Although its etiology is still unknown, recent genome-wide and locus-specific association studies identified RNF213 as an important susceptibility gene of moyamoya disease among East Asian population. A polymorphism in c.14576G>A in RNF213 was identified in 95% of familial patients with moyamoya disease and 79% of sporadic cases, and patients having this polymorphism were found to have significantly earlier disease onset and a more severe form of moyamoya disease, such as the presentation of cerebral infarction and posterior cerebral artery stenosis. The exact mechanism by which the RNF213 abnormality relates to moyamoya disease remains unknown, while recent reports using genetically engineered mice lacking RNF213 by homologous recombination provide new insight for the pathogenesis of this rare entity. Regarding biomarkers of moyamoya disease, moyamoya disease is characterized by an increased expression of angiogenic factors and pro-inflammatory molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factors and matrix metalloproteinase-9, which may partly explain its clinical manifestations of the pathologic angiogenesis, spontaneous hemorrhage, and higher incidence of cerebral hyperperfusion after revascularization surgery. More recently, blockade of these pro-inflammatory molecules during perioperative period is attempted to reduce the potential risk of surgical complication including cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome. In this review article, we focus on the genetics and biomarkers of moyamoya disease, and sought to discuss their clinical implication.
( Miki Koroku ),( Teppei Omori ),( Harutaka Kambayashi ),( Shun Murasugi ),( Tomoko Kuriyama ),( Yuichi Ikarashi ),( Maria Yonezawa ),( Ken Arimura ),( Kazunori Karasawa ),( Norio Hanafusa ),( Masatos 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.1
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now a pandemic. Although several treatment guidelines have been proposed for patients who have both inflammatory bowel disease and COVID-19, immunosuppressive therapy is essentially not recommended, and the treatment options are limited. Even in the COVID-19 pandemic, adjuvant adsorptive granulocyte and monocyte apheresis may safely bring ulcerative colitis (UC) into remission by removing activated myeloid cells without the use of immunosuppressive therapy. Our patient was a 25-year-old Japanese male with UC and COVID-19. This is the first case report of the induction of UC remission with granulocyte and monocyte apheresis treatment for active UC associated with COVID-19. (Intest Res 2022;20:150-155)