Biofuel production: modelling and simulation

( Michael John Binns ) 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.0

Biofuel production: Modelling of thermochemical conversion

( Michael John Binns ) 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0

Biomass has the potential to generate energy and fuels through various conversion processes. Thermochemical conversion can be applied to any source of biomass to generate fuels such as syngas. In this study computer modelling is utilized to predict the performance of gasification processes for converting different sources of biomass into syngas. This modelling approach is used to investigate the most appropriate type of biomass to identify optimal operating conditions.

Analysis of hybrid membrane and chemical absorption systems for CO2 capture

binns michael john,오세영,곽동훈,김진국 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.3

Amine-based absorption of CO2 is currently the industry standard technology for capturing CO2 emittedfrom power plants, refineries and other large chemical plants. However, more recently there have been a number ofcompeting technologies under consideration, including the use of membranes for CO2 separation and purification. Weconstructed and analyzed two different hybrid configurations combining and connecting chemical absorption withmembrane separation. For a particular flue gas which is currently treated with amine-based chemical absorption at apilot plant we considered and tested how membranes could be integrated to improve the performance of the CO2 capture. In particular we looked at the CO2 removal efficiency and the energy requirements. Sensitivity analysis was performedvarying the size of the membranes and the solvent flow rate.

An experiment and model of ceramic (alumina) hollow fiber membrane contactors for chemical absorption of CO2 in aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) solutions

이홍주,Michael Binns,박상진,Edoardo Magnone,박정훈 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.10

The chemical absorption of CO2 in a monoethanolamine (MEA) solution by a ceramic hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) was investigated experimentally and numerically to obtain the best compromise between the mass transfer coefficient and structural characteristics such as membrane pore size and porosity. The mathematical model derived is based on the three resistances in the resistance-in-series model. The accuracy of the numerical simulation was verified quantitatively by the experimental data obtained in this study. A good agreement between experimental and computational results was found with an average absolute deviation (AAD) between observed data and predicted values of 2.86%. In addition, the effects of the operating condition (i.e., gas and liquid flow rates) on the mass transfer coefficients for ceramic HFMC systems were also studied, revealing that the membrane and gas-phase mass transfer resistances were dominant factors in the overall mass transfer. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the membrane structure plays a very important role in the optimization of HFMC performance. In fact, the best results were obtained with an intermediate range of the pore size between 102 and 104 nm, corresponding to the best compromise between performance (i.e., overall mass transfer coefficient) and applicability (i.e., breakthrough pressure).

Process modeling and design of reverse osmosis membrane system for seawater desalination

김미애,Michael Binns,김진국 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.6

Reverse osmosis desalination membranes can be utilized to purify seawater creating clean water. To meetpurity requirements multiple membrane modules are typically required and the configuration should be chosen tominimize energy consumption and costs. Here a numerical model is proposed based on a tanks-in-series formulationof model equations. This model was validated against reverse osmosis system analysis (ROSA®) simulation softwareand used to investigate the performance of a number of different configurations. Systematic evaluation was made onhow the performance of membrane systems is influenced by the arrangement of multiple vessels for the multi-moduledesign of membranes systems.

다단 분리막 공정 모사와 실험 비교 연구

이성훈,Michael Binns,이정현,문종호,여정구,여영구,김진국 한국막학회 2015 한국막학회 총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2015 No.11

Mathematical models are developed for single and multi-stage membrane processes to simulate gas separation in MATLAB®. The single-stage membrane process simulations are validated through comparison with mixed-gas experimental results at different operating condition. Based on this validated single-stage process model, multi-stage membrane processes including 2 or 3 stages membranes with recycle streams are simulated. The resulting simulation outputs are shown to reproduce experiment results with reasonable accuracy. Hence, this process modeling framework can be utilized in future design and optimization studies.

석탄화력 발전소 배 가스 이산화탄소 포집을 위한 분리막 공정 연구

이성훈,윤석원,Michael Binns,여영구,김진국 한국막학회 2016 한국막학회 총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2016 No.11

분리막 공정은 압력장치에 사용되는 전기 사용량이 많아 이를 줄이기 위한 다양한 공정 옵션이 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 분리막 공정에서 막 모듈에 sweeping 기체를 permeate에 불어넣어 모듈의 구동력을 증가시키는 방법으로, 특별한 공정 장치 추가 없이도, 효율적인 CO2 분리가 되는 공정을 연구하였다. 분리막 공정은 주요 장치비용(분리막, 압축기 등)과 운영비용(전기, 스팀)을 평가 하였다. MATLABⓇ에서 분리막 모델을 개발하었으며, 분리막 공정에 가능한 모 든 구조들을 초구조로 경제성 평가 모델을 기준으로 평가되었다. 본 연구는 2014년도 정부(미래창조과학부)의 재원으로 (재)한국이산화탄소포집 및 처리연구개발센터의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(2014M1A8A1049305).

Automated process design and optimization of membrane-based CO₂ capture for a coal-based power plant

Lee, Sunghoon,Binns, Michael,Kim, Jin-Kuk Elsevier 2018 Journal of membrane science Vol.563 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A systematic optimization framework is proposed with the aim to automate the design of multi-stage membrane processes for CO<SUB>2</SUB> capture from flue gas of a coal-fired power plant. This framework utilizes a superstructure approach to determine the optimal configuration of membrane systems and identify the most appropriate operating conditions in a holistic manner. Certain design specifications are satisfied through the use of penalty functions which are used in a Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization method employed to identify design solutions at or near to the global optimal point. Sensitivity analysis is used to analyze multi-stage membrane designs to understand the effects of different structural and operating parameters on the economics of membrane-based carbon capture. As part of a case study the proposed design framework is applied to design membrane processes for the capture of CO<SUB>2</SUB> from a 600 MW<SUB>e</SUB> coal-fired power plant. Fixed membrane permeance and selectivity values are used to analyze sensitivities with respect to costing and structural design parameters. Additionally, the Robeson upper bound correlation between CO<SUB>2</SUB> permeance and CO<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB> selectivity is used within this framework to identify the optimal membrane properties which give economical separation of CO<SUB>2</SUB> and N<SUB>2</SUB>. It is found that membranes having at least 4000 GPU CO<SUB>2</SUB> permeance and over 50 of CO<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB> selectivity with a commercial available module gave the optimal performance and would be a good guideline for future membrane material development. Also, if different membrane properties are used in each stage (in a multi-stage configuration) then using a higher CO<SUB>2</SUB> permeance for the first stage (e.g. 6000 GPU CO<SUB>2</SUB> permeance and CO<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB> selectivity of 40) and higher selectivity membranes are used for subsequent downstream membrane stages (e.g. 1334 GPU CO<SUB>2</SUB> permeance and CO<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB> selectivity of 72) helps to reduce the electricity consumption and product purity which can reduce the overall cost of CO<SUB>2</SUB> capture.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Systematic process design framework for multi-stage membrane process. </LI> <LI> Superstructure-based optimization using Genetic Algorithm (GA). </LI> <LI> Identification of optimal membrane performance for multi-stage membrane network. </LI> <LI> Sensitivity analysis of the main design variables for membrane processes. </LI> </UL> </P>

Membrane separation process for CO₂ capture from mixed gases using TR and XTR hollow fiber membranes: Process modeling and experiments

Lee, Sunghoon,Binns, Michael,Lee, Jung Hyun,Moon, Jong-Ho,Yeo, Jeong-gu,Yeo, Yeong-Koo,Lee, Young Moo,Kim, Jin-Kuk Elsevier 2017 Journal of membrane science Vol.541 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Numerous membrane models have been developed and tested for the simulation of membrane processes. However, these models are often either simplified or only validated with a narrow range of experimental data. For the model-based process design of membrane systems it is necessary to have a validated and accurate model which is accurate for the range of possible operating conditions under consideration. Hence, in this study a modeling framework is developed for hollow fiber membranes which can be adjusted systematically to accurately predict the performance of a given membrane. Mixed-gas (CO<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB>) separation experiments are carried out over a range of different feed conditions to evaluate membrane performance and to provide reliable measurements of gas permeance. In particular the feed pressure (1–4bar), permeate pressure (0.1–0.5bar) and feed flow rates (0.096–0.4Nm<SUP>3</SUP>/h) are varied in these experiments (the ranges specified in brackets). Interpolation of these measured permeance allows for the accurate prediction of membrane performance at any conditions inside the measured range. A tanks-in-series modeling approach is employed here where the number of tanks (used to represent the membrane behavior in a numerical formulation) can be adjusted to calibrate and fit the membrane model to experimental results. For the membranes tested in this study it is found that using a relatively small number of tanks both minimizes the difference between model and experimental results and reduces the numerical complexity in the membrane model.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Experimental results of TR and XTR membrane modules. </LI> <LI> Effective membrane modeling via tuning the number of tanks in tanks-in-series model. </LI> <LI> Regression of membrane permeance data for accurate fitting of experimental results. </LI> <LI> Validation of the model through comparison with experimental results. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Improving the energy efficiency of industrial refrigeration systems

Oh, Jin-Sik,Binns, Michael,Park, Sangmin,Kim, Jin-Kuk Elsevier 2016 ENERGY Vol.112 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Various retrofit design options are available for improving the energy efficiency and economics of industrial refrigeration systems. This study considers a novel retrofit option using a mixed refrigerant (MR) in refrigeration cycles designed for use with a pure refrigerant (PR). In this way energy savings can be realized by switching refrigerants without requiring extensive and expensive reconfiguration of equipment. Hence, the aim here is to test the common thinking that equipment should always be extensively reconfigured when switching from pure to mixed refrigerants. To determine the most energy-efficient operating conditions for each refrigeration design an optimization framework is utilized linking a process simulator with an external optimization method. A case study is presented to demonstrate how the proposed process modeling and optimization framework can be applied and to illustrate the economic benefits of using the retrofit design options considered here. For the case considered in this paper, savings of shaft power required for the refrigeration cycle can be achieved from 16.3% to 27.2% when the pure refrigerant is replaced with mixed refrigerants and operating conditions are re-optimized.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Design methods for the design of refrigeration cycles in retrofit cases. </LI> <LI> Consideration of mixed refrigerants to the existing multi-level pure-refrigerant cycles. </LI> <LI> Optimization of refrigeration cycles with integrated use of a process simulator with an optimizer. </LI> </UL> </P>