노걸대 3종 판본 내 중국어 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성에 대한 통시적 연구

( Maeng¸ Junghwan ) 한국중국언어학회 2021 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.95

본 논문은 원명청(元明清)대에 걸쳐 출판된 노걸대 3종 판본을 바탕으로 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성의 역사적 변천 과정에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 노걸대는 당시 구어체 북방 관화를 기록한 자료로써 원대부터 청대에 이르기까지의 언어적 변화를 담고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 노걸대 3종 판본을 코퍼스 자료로 사용하여 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성을 분석하였다. 형태론적 생산성은 각 명사 형태소가 생성해낼 수 있는 새로운 어휘의 종류의 수를 바탕으로 측정되었다. 분석 결과 -儿이 원대부터 청대에 걸쳐 가장 높은 생산성을 지니고 있는 것으로 판명된 반면, 명사 접미사 -子와 -們의 경우 이 기간 동안 생산성이 지속적으로 감소하는 양상을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 형태론적 생산성과 어휘화의 밀접한 관련성에 대한 실증적 근거를 제시함과 동시에 형태론적 법칙을 통해 생성된 어휘와 어휘 목록에 등록된 어휘가 서로 독립적인 영역에 속해 있음을 시사하고 있다. This study focuses on the historical change in the productivity of Chinese nominal suffixes based on three versions of Laoqida (老乞大) published in the Yuan, Ming and Qing periods respectively. Because Laoqida transcribes spoken Chinese language at the time and also reflects language change over time spanning from the Yuan to Qing period, it serves as a corpus database that allows us to examine the premodern spoken Chinese language. Using Laoqida as a corpus database, this study used hapax-based analysis to examine morphological productivity of the nominal suffixes (-zi, -er, -men) under investigation based on the number of novel expressions created by each suffix. The findings of the study show that -er remains as the most productive suffix throughout the Yuan-Qing periods whereas the productivity of -zi and -men continues to decline over the same periods. The results of the study suggest that the morphological productivity and the lexicalization of derived words are closely associated with each other. Furthermore, the study provides evidence that lexicon and morphology should be considered as two independent domains.

C-NMR Spectroscopy에 의한 Olefin-Vinylchloride 공중합체의 tacticity에 관한 연구

맹기석,황택성 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1990 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.1

Homo PVC and olefin-vinylchloride copolymers have been prepared by free-radical copolymerization at 60℃. Molecular weights of PVC and copolymers have been caracterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and C-NMR. We are used to calculate the tacticity shifts in the C-NMR spectra of PVC and copolymers by Bovey first order Markov statistics. Copolymers of vinyl chloride with isobutylene, propylene from 1.58 to 8.0mol% olefin, is found to random arrangment by ??C-NMR spectroscopy. The values of molecular weights of the copolymer ranged from 2.38 to 7.03×10⁴, measured by GPC. It was found that both the degree of conversion and molecular weight decreased in accordance with the increase of comonomer ratio in the copolymer.

4기 크레인에 의한 침몰 선체의 인양력 계산

신맹기,이상갑,최경식,손경호 韓國海洋大學校 附設 海洋科學技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

This study focuses on a simple analytical approach to calculate crane lifting forces for a sunken ship. The method takes into accounts the relation of lifting forces acting in wire rope slings to the inclination of the vessel including the effect of lug positions. The importance of sunken ship salvage is explained form the statistics of ship casualties during last 15 years. Euler angles are introduced to represent the inclination of a sunken ship in developing the static force and moment equations. Three dimensional examples with on redundant degree of freedom for a GT1500 oil tanker are analyzed and the results show that the information obtained by the method could be useful to salvos to conduct salvage work.

資本構造의 理論

具孟會 釜山大學校 1983 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.2 No.1

F. Modigliani and M. H. Miller(MM), in their outstanding papers of 1958 and 1963, stated the relationship between the behavior of the cost of capital and the value of a firm throughout all degrees of financial leverage. MM made a formidable attack on the traditional view on the cost of capital, capital structure and the valuation of a firm by suggesting three propositions about ① the average cost of capital, ② the cost of equity and ③ the cutoff rate in investment decision. Based on the three propositions, the study of the cost of capital and capital structure has been one of the main topics by financial theorists up to 1970's. Even in the beginning of 1980's the study is still conducted. It is no doubt that there are some limitations in proving MM's hypotheses. However, the reliability of MM's models based on the three propositions are still accepted as valid. Once we admit the assumptions of the perfect capital market and the constancy of cost of debt through all degrees of financial leverage, MM's models for ① the value of levered firm, ② the cost of equity funds and ③ the WACC do not present any inconsistency with those adjusted to the CAPM or to the personal income tax rate. And MM's average cost of capital can also be used as a cutoff rate in capital budgeting decisions. The arguments on the validity for the WACC model are mainly caused by the failure to recognize fact that the different WACC models (output) can be derived from the different input factors in calculation. That is, each WACC model represents its unique characteristics according to the following input factors in derivation. ① the type of cash flow like the before-tax cash flow, the overall cash flow or the net operating cash flow ② whether or not MM's valuation model(V_(L) = V_(U) + tB) is adjusted to the WACC model ③ the adjustment of KU's valuation model(V_(L) = V_(U) + MITS) to the WACC model ④ the adjustment of the personal income tax rate to the WACC model Each WACC after-tax is represented as a decreasing function of the financial leverage(B/V). That means the higher the financial leverage is, the lower the WACC after-tax is, which results in increase of the value of a levered firm. Such a functional relationship between the WACC after-tax and B/Vis also consistent in meaning with MM's valuation model of a levered firm, which presents the addition of the interest tax subsidy to the unleverd firm. Thus, the optimal capital structure can not exist theoretically if the irrational extreme level of fivancial leverage(B/V=1.0) is excluded. KU's models of a levered firm's valuation and the WACC are logically identical to the MM's. KU's models, however, removed MM's impractical hypotheses that the cost of debt is constant at all levels of financial leverage, and that all the firms should be the going-concern. Thus, KU's models are comprehended as the better tools in financial decisions in the sense that they are more contingent to the real financial situations. That is, the models have the higher flexibility in application, because they could be applied to every firm's valuation without limitation on the duration of business operation and the changes of debt costs. There are two factors affecting the value of a levered firm, when a firm increases the financial leverage. One is the interest tax subsidy and the other is the cost of financial distress. When a firm gradually substitutes the debt for equity funds, the former adds the value of the firm at the amount of tB(MM) or MITS(KU), whereas the latter reduces the firm's value as represented in the following models. MM: V_(L) = V_(U) + tB - FD KU: V_(L) = V_(U) + MITS -FD FD = the cost of financial distress If a firm increase step by step the financial leverage(B/V) up to 1.0 from 0.0, the cost of financial distress gradually carries the heavier weight (the reduction of a firm's value) than that of the interest tax subsidy (the addition of a firm's value). Thus, there should be a turning point of the value increasing trend in the range of 0.0< B/V <1.0 for a levered firm. That turning point of a firm's value is the indication of the optimal capital structure. That is, the capital structure composed at that turning point is the optimal capital structure which maximize the value of a firm. There are some difficulties, however, in measuring the cost of financial distress for the valuation of a firm, because the cost is always affected by many related factors. They are ① the nature of industry, ② the size of business, ③ the management situation, ④ the economic situation at the time of measurement and ⑤ the degree of competition and other business environments. Therefore, the measurement of the cost of financial distress is possibly attained for a particular firm at a specific period by research. However, it is concluded that the optimal capital structure can be surely explained by the counterbalance between the additional effect of the interest tax subsidy to the firm's value and the reduction effect of the firm's value due to the cost of financial distress.

Pd(X)(COPh)(PPh₂)₃(X=Cl,Br,NCS,CN)와 Pd(CN)(COPh)(N-N)(N-N=en,R-pn)의 합성과 성질

정맹준,도명기 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

Oxidative addition products, trans-Pd(X)(COPh)(PPh₃)₂(1) is obtained from the reaction of tetrakistriphenylphosphinoPalladium(0) complex and benzoylhalides, XCOPh(X=Cl,Br,NCS,CN), and the structure of these complexes were identified from the UV, IR and ?? spectral data. We found that the stretching vibration energy of the carbonyl group is CN < MCS < Cl < Br and it was depending on the type of X which is in trans position to the carbonyl in the complex 1. We also investigated the formation of the chelate complexes relate to trans influence of carbonyl group in the starting complex 1. It was found that chelate complexes, Pd(X)(COPh)(N-N)(N-N=en, R-pn)(2) were formed, when X is CN, by the reaction of bidentate ligands such as ethylenediamine(en), or R-propylenedamine(R-pn) with complex 1.

시장 평균 환율 제도의 개선 방안

장맹렬 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 1996 産業經營 Vol.19 No.-

우리 나라 파생 금융 시장의 발전에 관한 연구

장맹렬 경남대학교 산업경영연구소 2000 産業經營 Vol.27 No.-

Alzheimer병의 역학

조맹제,함봉진 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is emerging as a major trouble for the patients and their families as well as community. Epidemiology of AD is the study of the distribution of AD and those factors that influence this distribution. Several findings were derived from reviewing the various epidemiologic studies of AD. Prevalence estimates of AD rise exponentially with age. Typical estimates for the age groups 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and 80-89 years are about 0.5%,3%, and 10%, respectively. All studies showed an exponentially increase in the incidence rate with age and several studies found that the proportion of incident dementias is attributable to AD increased with age. Except for age and family history of dementia, no definite risk factors for AD have yet been proven. Survival of AD patients is worse in early-onset cases and in men, and it appears to be related to the initial severity of the disease. Improvement of prognosis through intervention has been unsuccessful until now. It was shown that methodological variables such as definition of dementia, the design of the study, the characteristics of the sample and methods of assessment and diagnosis might have a significant effect on the results. New epidemiologic approaches to AD should be well designed prospective follow-up studies to provide more accurate information. Epidemiologic studies combined with pathophysiologic findings could be helpful in improvement of prevention and treatment of the AD.

CdS film의 Memory effect에 關한 考察 : Department of Radiotechnology

朴孟祚 대구보건대학 1983 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

A new type of memory effect which has been found by the present author is investigated in detail in evaporated CdS films at low temperatures. If the light is turned off during the periodic photocurrent oscillation, the oscillation stops and the phase of the oscillation at the moment of turning off is retained; by turning on the light again, the oscillation begins at the retained phase. The memory remains unchanged in value or polarity. the memory disappears in a certain time under the condition that the specimen is illuminated under a bias voltage smaller than the threshold voltage; In this case the life time of the memory is inversely proportional to the light intensity. It is shown that the phase memory effect is due to the travelling high field domain which is caused by field quenching and is controlled by the light and or the bias voltage.

우리나라의 貿易 函數의 推定에 관한 硏究

장맹렬 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 1992 産業經營 Vol.15 No.-