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Effect of Myostatin (MSTN) g+6223G>A on Production and Carcass Traits in New Zealand Romney Sheep
Han, J.,Zhou, H.,Forrest, R.H.,Sedcole, J.R.,Frampton, C.M.,Hickford, J.G.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.7
Myostatin, which is also known as growth and differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), has been reported to act as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development. Variation in the myostatin gene (MSTN) has been associated with variation in muscularity in certain "meaty" sheep breeds. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis was used to investigate allelic variation in the previously described g+6223G>A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of MSTN. The sheep studied were 79 New Zealand (NZ) Romney lambs derived from a single sire heterozyous for g+6223G>A, which is in itself notable as this polymorphism has not been described previously in this breed. Allelic variation was observed to be associated with an abnormal gender ratio (p = 0.046) in the progeny. The presence of allele A was observed to have an effect (p<0.05) on birth weight, mean loin yield, proportion yield loin and total muscle yield. Allelic variation did not significantly affect mean shoulder yield, leg yield, proportion yield shoulder and proportion yield leg. This preliminary result suggests that while the A allele at MSTN g+6223 appears to improve some valuable traits in NZ Romney sheep, further research is required to understand if and how it may affect other traits.
Evaluation of Ni Film Interfacial Energy Release Rate on Titanium and Stainless Steel Substrates
Ren, F. Z.,Zhao, W. Z.,Zhou, G. S.,Ju, X. H.,Zheng, M. 대한금속학회 2002 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.8 No.2
An expression including the effect of residual stress on the interfacial energy release rate is proposed for peeling experiments according to the energy-balance argument. The influence of residual stress on the external work is also contained in the expression. Two numerical methods are employed to evaluate the values of the work expenditure G_db, which is the actual energy dissipated during bending of the peel arm near the peel front. The peeling method is employed to test the interfacial energy release rates, G, for Ni films on Titanium and stainless steel substrates. The results indicate that the value of G for Ni films on stainless steel substrate is about 5.47-6.03 N/m, while 5.23-6.71 N/m for Ni films on titanium substrate; the interfacial energy release rates, G, do not depend on the residual stress in film, film thickness nor peel angle. The effect of residual stress in film on peel strength P/h is also discussed.
Z. P. Zhang,J. D. Liu,K. Q. Qiu,Y. Y. Huang,J. G. Li,X. G. Wang,J. L. Liu,M. Wang,M. K. Zou,Y. Z. Zhou 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.2
A novel fourth-generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy was bonded by vacuum brazing at 1230 °C, 1260 °C and1290 °C for 60 min using a new type of Co-based filler alloy. The effects of the brazing temperature on the microstructureand mechanical properties of the brazed joint were investigated. The brazed joint was mainly composed of the non-isothermalsolidification zone (M3B2 type-boride, CrB boride, Ni3Bboride and MC carbide), isothermal solidification zone (γ and γ'Phase) and base metal. With the increase of brazing temperature, the volume fraction of borides and γ' phase in the centerof the joint decreased and increased, respectively. The high-temperature tensile test results show that the tensile strength ofthe joints was improved with increasing brazing temperature, and the maximum tensile strength of the joint was 766 MPaafter brazing at 1290 °C for 60 min. Fracture observation shows that the fracture modes of the joints were the same, whichbelongs to the typical quasi cleavage fracture. The element distribution in the joint was homogenized to a certain extent at1290 °C. The segregation of Si and Ru was found, but they were still dissolved in the γ solid solution. The experimentalresults help to better understand the microstructure characteristics of the novel fourth-generation nickel-based single crystalsuperalloy and provide guidance for further optimizing the process parameters of the brazed joint.
D.V. Faustino,G.P. Yumul, Jr.,C.B. Dimalanta,J.V. de Jesus,M-F. Zhou,J.C. Aitchison,R.A. Tamayo, Jr. 한국지질과학협의회 2006 Geosciences Journal Vol.10 No.3
The Early Cretaceous Southeast Bohol Ophiolite-Cansiwang Mlange Complex and the Alicia Schist form thebasement of southeastern Bohol Island in central Philippines.New geochemical data show that four discrete groups consti-tute the volcanic and associated hypabyssal rocks of the ophi-olite-mlange complex: boninitic rocks (BON), enriched andnormal mid-ocean ridge basalt-like rocks (E-MORB; N-MORB) and high-magnesian andesites (HMA). Of these fourgroups, the BON are the most depleted in REEs and with themost pronounced negative Nb anomalies. Both MORB-liketypes exhibit subduction-zone influence as reflected in theirslight negative Nb anomalies. Characteristically with flat andLREE-depleted patterns, the HMA samples apear to mimicN-MORB patterns but with lower REE concentrations. Thisgeochemical diversity is best explained by a suprasubductionzone environment of formation as is also evident from field geo-believed to have ben concurrent with the ophiolite’s emplace-ment by subduction-accretion along a forearc margin. This tec-tonic boundary was later jammed into inactivity with the entryof the Alicia Schist that most likely was an oceanic bathymetrichigh. The intercalation of both tufaceous materials and pelagicchert with the pillow basalts are consistent with a marginalbasin tectonic setting.
Variability of measured modal frequencies of a cable-stayed bridge under different wind conditions
Y.Q. Ni,J.M. Ko,X.G. Hua,H.F. Zhou 국제구조공학회 2007 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.3 No.3
A good understanding of normal modal variability of civil structures due to varying environmental conditions such as temperature and wind is important for reliable performance of vibration-based damage detection methods. This paper addresses the quantification of wind-induced modal variability of a cable-stayed bridge making use of one-year monitoring data. In order to discriminate the wind-induced modal variability from the temperature-induced modal variability, the one-year monitoring data are divided into two sets: the first set includes the data obtained under weak wind conditions (hourly-average wind speed less than 2 m/s) during all four seasons, and the second set includes the data obtained under both weak and strong (typhoon) wind conditions during the summer only. The measured modal frequencies and temperatures of the bridge obtained from the first set of data are used to formulate temperature-frequency correlation models by means of artificial neural network technique. Before the second set of data is utilized to quantify the wind-induced modal variability, the effect of temperature on the measured modal frequencies is first eliminated by normalizing these modal frequencies to a reference temperature with the use of the temperature-frequency correlation models. Then the wind-induced modal variability is quantitatively evaluated by correlating the normalized modal frequencies for each mode with the wind speed measurement data. It is revealed that in contrast to the dependence of modal frequencies on temperature, there is no explicit correlation between the modal frequencies and wind intensity. For most of the measured modes, the modal frequencies exhibit a slightly increasing trend with the increase of wind speed in statistical sense. The relative variation of the modal frequencies arising from wind effect (with the maximum hourly-average wind speed up to 17.6 m/s) is estimated to range from 1.61% to 7.87% for the measured 8 modes of the bridge, being notably less than the modal variability caused by temperature effect.
Variability of measured modal frequencies of a cable-stayed bridge under different wind conditions
Ni, Y.Q.,Ko, J.M.,Hua, X.G.,Zhou, H.F. Techno-Press 2007 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.3 No.3
A good understanding of normal modal variability of civil structures due to varying environmental conditions such as temperature and wind is important for reliable performance of vibration-based damage detection methods. This paper addresses the quantification of wind-induced modal variability of a cable-stayed bridge making use of one-year monitoring data. In order to discriminate the wind-induced modal variability from the temperature-induced modal variability, the one-year monitoring data are divided into two sets: the first set includes the data obtained under weak wind conditions (hourly-average wind speed less than 2 m/s) during all four seasons, and the second set includes the data obtained under both weak and strong (typhoon) wind conditions during the summer only. The measured modal frequencies and temperatures of the bridge obtained from the first set of data are used to formulate temperature-frequency correlation models by means of artificial neural network technique. Before the second set of data is utilized to quantify the wind-induced modal variability, the effect of temperature on the measured modal frequencies is first eliminated by normalizing these modal frequencies to a reference temperature with the use of the temperature-frequency correlation models. Then the wind-induced modal variability is quantitatively evaluated by correlating the normalized modal frequencies for each mode with the wind speed measurement data. It is revealed that in contrast to the dependence of modal frequencies on temperature, there is no explicit correlation between the modal frequencies and wind intensity. For most of the measured modes, the modal frequencies exhibit a slightly increasing trend with the increase of wind speed in statistical sense. The relative variation of the modal frequencies arising from wind effect (with the maximum hourly-average wind speed up to 17.6 m/s) is estimated to range from 1.61% to 7.87% for the measured 8 modes of the bridge, being notably less than the modal variability caused by temperature effect.