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Ramirez-Montano, Luis,Vargas-Tellez, Erik,Dajer-Fadel, Walid L.,Maceda, Silvia Espinosa Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.3
Lipomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that develop in areas of abundant adipose tissue. Due to the fatty composition of the breast, difficulties in diagnosis, treatment, and reconstruction are often encountered. We report a case of a 55-year-old female with a giant tumor of the right breast that comprised most of its mass, causing breast asymmetry. A thorough preoperative evaluation, followed by an uneventful difficult surgical resection and reconstruction, resulted in diagnosis of a benign lipoma. The case prompted this report because of its challenging size, location, diagnosis, and reconstructive solution.
Jose Luis Zepeda-Batista,Luis Antonio Saavedra-Jimenez,Agustin Ruiz-Flores,Rafael Nunez-Dominguez,Rodolfo Ramirez-Valverde 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.12
Objective: From a review of published information on genetic association studies, a meta-analysis was conducted to determine the influence of the genes κ-casein (CSN3) and β-lactoglobulin (LGB) on milk yield traits in Holstein, Jersey, Brown Swiss, and Fleckvieh. Methods: The GLIMMIX procedure was used to analyze milk production and percentage of protein and fat in milk. Models included the main effects and all their possible two-way interactions; not estimable effects and non-significant (p>0.05) two-way interactions were dropped from the models. The three traits analyzed used Poisson distribution and a log link function and were determined with the Interactive Data Analysis of SAS software. Least square means and multiple mean comparisons were obtained and performed for significant main effects and their interactions (p<0.0255). Results: Interaction of breed by gene showed that Holstein and Fleckvieh were the breeds on which CSN3 (6.01%±0.19% and 5.98%±0.22%), and LGB (6.02%±0.19% and 5.70%±0.22%) have the greatest influence. Interaction of breed by genotype nested in the analyzed gene indicated that Holstein and Jersey showed greater influence of the CSN3 AA genotype, 6.04%±0.22% and 5.59%±0.31% than the other genotypes, while LGB AA genotype had the largest influence on the traits analyzed, 6.05%±0.20% and 5.60%±0.19%, respectively. Furthermore, interaction of type of statistical model by genotype nested in the analyzed gene indicated that CSN3 and LGB genes had similar behavior, maintaining a difference of more than 7% across analyzed genotypes. These results could indicate that both Holstein and Jersey have had lower substitution allele effect in selection programs that include CSN3 and LGB genes than Brown Swiss and Fleckvieh. Conclusion: Breed determined which genotypes had the greatest association with analyzed traits. The mixed model based in Bayesian or Ridge Regression was the best alternative to analyze CSN3 and LGB gene effects on milk yield and protein and fat percentages.
Nunez-Ramirez, Diola Marina,Medina-Torres, Luis,Valencia-Lopez, Jose Javier,Calderas, Fausto,Lopez-Miranda, Javier,Medrano-Roldan, Hiram,Solis-Soto, Aquiles The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.11
Fermentation with filamentous fungi in a bioreactor is a complex dynamic process that is affected by flow conditions and the evolution of the rheological properties of the medium. These properties are mainly affected by the biomass concentration and the morphology of the fungus. In this work, the rheological properties of a fermentation with the fungus Beauveria bassiana under different hydrodynamic conditions were studied and the rheological behavior of this broth was simulated through a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and cellulose fibers (CMCNa-SF). The bioreactor was a 10 L CSTR tank operated at different stir velocities. Rheological results were similar at 100 and 300 rpm for both systems. However, there was a significant increase in the viscosity accompanied by a change in the consistence index, calculated according to the power law model, for both systems at 800 rpm. The systems exhibited shear-thinning behavior at all stir velocities, which was determined with the power law model. The mixing time was observed to increase as the cellulose content in the system increased and, consequently, the efficiency of mixing diminished. These results are thought to be due to the rheological and morphological similarities of the two fungal systems. These results will help in the optimization of scale-up production of these fungi.
Mario Ramirez,Luis P. Iniguez,Gabriela Guerrero,Francesca Sparvoli,Georgina Hernandez 한국식물생명공학회 2016 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.10 No.6
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)– Rhizobium etli symbiosis and crop productivity are highly affected by adverse environmental conditions that cause oxidative stress. Based on the improved symbiosis of common bean inoculated with engineered R. etli expressing the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) (Ramı ´rez et al., Mol Plant Microbe Interact 12:1008–1015, 1999), in this work we analyzed the effect of this strain in plants exposed to the herbicide paraquat (PQ) which generates oxidative stress. PQ-treated plants inoculated with the engineered (VHb) R. etli strain showed higher nitrogenase activity and ureide content than plants inoculated with the wild type strain. We performed microarray transcriptomic analysis to identify PQ-responsive genes in nodules elicited by engineered vs wild type strains. An evident reprogramming of the transcriptional profile was observed in PQ-treated nodules, and the global changes in gene expression were different between nodules elicited with each strain. The most relevant difference was the increased number of up-regulated PQ-responsive genes in wild type strain nodules as compared to VHb-expressing nodules. The majority of these genes were classified into biological processes/functional categories related to defense, response to abiotic stress or signaling, as revealed by Gene Ontology and MapMan analysis. Taken together our analysis suggests that the expression of VHb in R. etli bacteroids contributes to buffering the damage caused by increased reactive oxygen species, and this is reflected in nodule cells that showed decreased sensitivity to oxidative stress and response of stress-related genes. Biotechnological applications of VHbexpressing rhizobia inoculants could be further explored.
김명,Luis Ramirez,유창원,추민수,백재승,오승준 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2014 International Neurourology Journal Vol.18 No.4
Purpose: To identify the factors affecting the surgical decisions of experienced physicians when treating patients with lowerurinary tract symptoms that are suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). Methods: Patients with LUTS/BPH treated by two physicians between October 2004 and August 2013 were included in thisstudy. The causal Bayesian network (CBN) model was used to analyze factors influencing the surgical decisions of physiciansand the actual performance of surgery. The accuracies of the established CBN models were verified using linear regression (LR)analysis. Results: A total of 1,108 patients with LUTS/BPH were analyzed. The mean age and total prostate volume (TPV) were 66.2(±7.3, standard deviation) years and 47.3 (±25.4) mL, respectively. Of the total 1,108 patients, 603 (54.4%) were treated byphysician A and 505 (45.6%) were treated by physician B. Although surgery was recommended to 699 patients (63.1%), 589(53.2%) actually underwent surgery. Our CBN model showed that the TPV (R=0.432), treating physician (R=0.370), bladderoutlet obstruction (BOO) on urodynamic study (UDS) (R=0.324), and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) question3 (intermittency; R=0.141) were the factors directly influencing the surgical decision. The transition zone volume(R=0.396), treating physician (R=0.340), and BOO (R=0.300) directly affected the performance of surgery. Compared to theLR model, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the CBN surgical decision model was slightly compromised(0.803 vs. 0.847, P<0.001), whereas that of the actual performance of surgery model was similar (0.801 vs. 0.820,P=0.063) to the LR model. Conclusions: The TPV, treating physician, BOO on UDS, and the IPSS item of intermittency were factors that directly influenceddecision-making in physicians treating patients with LUTS/BPH.
Big Data Analysis Using Modern Statistical and Machine Learning Methods in Medicine
유창원,Luis Ramirez,Juan Liuzzi 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2014 International Neurourology Journal Vol.18 No.2
In this article we introduce modern statistical machine learning and bioinformatics approaches that have been used in learning statistical relationships from big data in medicine and behavioral science that typically include clinical, genomic (and proteomic) and environmental variables. Every year, data collected from biomedical and behavioral science is getting larger and more complicated. Thus, in medicine, we also need to be aware of this trend and understand the statistical tools that are available to analyze these datasets. Many statistical analyses that are aimed to analyze such big datasets have been introduced recently. However, given many different types of clinical, genomic, and environmental data, it is rather uncommon to see statistical methods that combine knowledge resulting from those different data types. To this extent, we will introduce big data in terms of clinical data, single nucleotide polymorphism and gene expression studies and their interactions with environment. In this article, we will introduce the concept of well-known regression analyses such as linear and logistic regressions that has been widely used in clinical data analyses and modern statistical models such as Bayesian networks that has been introduced to analyze more complicated data. Also we will discuss how to represent the interaction among clinical, genomic, and environmental data in using modern statistical models. We conclude this article with a promising modern statistical method called Bayesian networks that is suitable in analyzing big data sets that consists with different type of large data from clinical, genomic, and environmental data. Such statistical model form big data will provide us with more comprehensive understanding of human physiology and disease.
Escobar-Correa, Natalia,Ramirez-Bustamante, Maria Antonia,Sanchez-Uribe, Luis Alejandro,Upegui-Zea, Juan Carlos,Vergara-Villarreal, Patricia,Ramirez-Ossa, Diana Milena The Korean Association Of Orthodontists 2021 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.51 No.1
Objective: To evaluate the mandibular buccal shelf (MBS) in terms of the angulation and bone depth and thickness according to sex, age, and sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns in a Colombian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Accordingly, the optimal site for miniscrew insertion in this area was determined. Methods: This descriptive, retrospective study included 64 hemi-arches of 34 patients. On CBCT images, the angulation, buccal bone depth (4 and 6 mm from the cementoenamel junction [CEJ] of MBS), and buccal bone thickness (6 and 11 mm from the CEJ of MBS) were measured at the mesial and distal roots of the mandibular first and second molars. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the angulation, depth, and thickness of MBS between male and female patients. The values for the bone around the distal root of the mandibular second molar were significantly greater than the other values. The osseous characteristics were significantly better in participants aged 16-24 years. Class III patients exhibited the best osseous characteristics, with the bone depth at 6 mm being significantly different from that in Class I and Class II patients. Although values tended to be greater in patients with low angles, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: MBS provides an optimal bone surface for miniscrew insertion, with better osseous characteristics at the distal root of the mandibular second molar, 4 mm from CEJ. Adolescent patients, Class III patients, and patients with a low angle exhibit the most favorable osseous characteristics in the MBS area.