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        Study on Crystallization Kinetics of Dynamically-Vulcanized PP/EPDM Blends

        Bin Yang,Yan-Li Deng,Xia Ru,Ji-Bin Miao,Ming Cao,Jia-Sheng Qian,Li-Fen Su,Peng Chen,Jing-Wang Liu,La-Xia Wu,Tao Pang 한국고분자학회 2016 폴리머 Vol.40 No.4

        Two types of β nucleating agents (β-NAs), aryl dicarboxylic acid amide (TMB-5) and diphenyl phthalate diamine (NT-C), were adopted to modify the polypropylene (PP)/ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) blends, which were prepared by dynamic-vulcanization technology. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the crystallization kinetics of PP. Our results showed that the addition of β-NAs can considerably increase the crystallization temperature, and significantly decrease the spherulite size of β-PP (L300). The Jeziorny analysis showed there were ~82% and ~89% of relative crystallinity generated from the primary crystallization in the composites containing TMB-5 and NT-C, respectively. The crystallization half time (t0.5) showed that NT-C improved the overall crystallization rate more effectively than TMB-5. In addition, the peaks of the relative crystallization rate curves were shifted towards higher temperature by 14 and 9℃ with the addition of TMB-5 and NT-C, respectively.

      • KCI등재

        Evaluation of Non-isothermal Melt Crystallization Kinetics of the Poly(lactic acid)/Graphene Composites under Variant Cooling Circumstances via Solidification Analysis Approach

        Bin Yang,Peng Zhang,Shu-Chun Zhao,Ru Xia,Li-Fen Su,Ji-Bin Miao,Peng Chen,Jia-Sheng Qian,You Shi 한국고분자학회 2019 폴리머 Vol.43 No.5

        The poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/graphene (GN) composites were prepared by solution blending. An in situ measurement technique was adopted to examine the non-isothermal crystallization of PLA/GN composites, which was different from the typical circumstances at constant cooling rate in DSC. The rheological properties of the samples were investigated, and the Carreau-A model was applied to non-linearly fit the rheological data. The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics and solidification behaviors at variant cooling rates were investigated using a modified version of Avrami equation by Jeziorny coupled with three-parameter model (TPM) and four-parameter model (FPM). Our findings showed that the viscosity of the PLA/GN composites dropped with increasing shear rate or GN content. Crystallization kinetic analysis suggested that GN served as an effective nucleating agent for PLA under non-isothermal melt crystallization conditions with variant cooling rate.

      • KCI등재

        Application of Block Diagonal Technique to a Hamiltonian Matrix in Performing Spin-splitting Calculations for GaN Wurtzite Materials

        Chun-Nan Chen,Sheng-Hsiung Chang,Wei-Long Su,Wan-Tsang Wang,Hsiu-Fen Kao,Jen-Yi Jen,Yiming Li 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.60 No.3

        The bulk inversion asymmetry (Dresselhaus) terms (i.e., B2, B1, and B01 terms) of wurtzite materials are determined. The 2 × 2 conduction band, 2 × 2 heavy-hole band, 2 × 2 light-hole band,and 2 × 2 crystal-field split-off hole band matrices of wurtzite semiconductors are developed and decoupled by using a block diagonal technique. Importantly, those 2 × 2 block diagonal matrices incorporate not only the interband coupling effect but also the bulk inversion asymmetry effect. Analytical expressions for the conduction and the valence band spin-splitting parameters and energies of GaN wurtzite materials are formulated by solving the block diagonal matrices. The presence of these terms is shown to include the spin-splitting phenomenon. The bulk inversion asymmetry (Dresselhaus) terms (i.e., B2, B1, and B01 terms) of wurtzite materials are determined. The 2 × 2 conduction band, 2 × 2 heavy-hole band, 2 × 2 light-hole band,and 2 × 2 crystal-field split-off hole band matrices of wurtzite semiconductors are developed and decoupled by using a block diagonal technique. Importantly, those 2 × 2 block diagonal matrices incorporate not only the interband coupling effect but also the bulk inversion asymmetry effect. Analytical expressions for the conduction and the valence band spin-splitting parameters and energies of GaN wurtzite materials are formulated by solving the block diagonal matrices. The presence of these terms is shown to include the spin-splitting phenomenon.

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        Shaking Table Test on Seismic Responses of a Monolithic Precast Concrete Shear Wall Structure

        Chao-gang Qin,Guoliang Bai,Ya-zhou Xu,Ning Fen Su,Tao Wu,Zhong Liang Li,Yu Zhe Sun 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.22 No.10

        To examine the seismic performance of Monolithic Precast Concrete Shear Wall (MPCSW) structure, a 1/5-scaled twelve-story model is designed and investigated by shaking table test, and connections between the precast elements and their impact on seismic performance of the overall model are comprehensively inspected and analyzed. Based on the testing results, the structural responses are divided into elastic stage and plastic stage, and the variations of dynamic characteristics, cracking and failure pattern, seismic responses of the model are accordingly presented. The experimental results indicate that most of critical cracks of the MPCSW model locate on the coupling beams and horizontal connections of precast concrete shear walls, and the fundamental frequency exhibits a successively decreasing trend during the entire testing process. Furthermore, The MPCSW model is designed in accordance with Chinese codes meets the requirement for the seismic fortification intensity of eight, and shows an adequate safety margin to resist collapse in the case of 0.90 g.

      • KCI등재

        시화 간척지에서 하계 사료작물의 초종 및 품종에 따른 생육특성 및 생산성 비교

        김종근,정은찬,김맹중,김학진,이수환,Kim, Jong Geun,Jeong, Eun Chan,Kim, Meing Joong,Li, Yan Fen,Kim, Hak Jin,Lee, Su Hwan 한국초지조사료학회 2021 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.41 No.2

        본 연구는 시화간척지에서 하계 사료작물의 초종 및 품종이 생육특성 및 생산성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 시험에 공시된 하계사료작물은 옥수수, 수수×수단그라스 교잡종 및 기장이었다. 시험에 공시된 각각의 품종은 옥수수는 광평옥, P15453, P1952 및 P2088을 이용하였고, 수수×수단그라스 교잡종은 877F, Green star, Honey chew 및 Turbo gold 품종을 이용하였다. 기장은 국립식량과학원에서 육성한 이백찰, 금실찰 및 만홍찰 품종을 이용하였다. 사료작물의 파종은 옥수수와 수수×수단그라스 교잡종은 2019년 5월 21일 그리고 기장은 6월 4일에 하였으며 수확은 9월 2일에 하였다. 옥수수의 초장 및 착수고는 품종간에 유의성이 없었으며 수량은 P1543 품종이 가장 많았고 P2088 품종이 가장 적었으나 처리간 유의성은 나타나지 않았다. 수수×수단그라스 교잡종은 877F의 초장이 가장 컸으며 Turbo gold 품종이 가장 작았다(p<0.05). 건물수량은 877F가 3,862 kg/ha로 가장 많았고 Green star가 2,669 kg/ha로 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 기장의 초장은 이백찰이 138cm로 가장 컸으며 나머지 품종은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 기장의 생초수량은 평균 15,778 kg/ha로 옥수수나 수수×수단그라스 교잡종보다 많았으며, 건물수량은 평균 4,780 kg/ha이었으며 이백찰 품종이 다른 품종들에 비해 가장 많았다(p<0.05). 옥수수의 사료가치에서 TDN 함량은 P2088품종이 가장 높았고 광평옥이 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 수수×수단그라스 교잡종은 Green star 및 Honey chew 품종이 유의적으로 높았으며 RFV 값은 Turbo gold가 가장 낮았다. 기장은 평균 조단백질 함량은 7.03%이었고 TDN 및 RFV 값은 금실찰이 64.36% 및 106으로 가장 높았다. 염농도에 따른 하계 사료작물의 발아율 조사에서 옥수수는 0.4%까지는 83.1%의 발아율을 나타내었다. 특히 P2088 및 P1921 품종은 0.6% 농도에서도 발아율이 80% 이상이었다. 수수×수단그라스 교잡종은 877F 품종의 발아율이 0.8% 농도에서도 93.3% 이었으며 Honey chew는 88.3%로 나타나 다른 품종에 비해 염 농도에 대한 저항성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 기장은 0.6%의 염 농도에서도 84.0-88.7%의 높은 발아율을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 염농도가 높은 시화 간척지에서 가장 적합한 초종은 기장이 추천되었으며, 이백찰은 수량이 높아 적합한 품종으로 권장되었다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of species and varieties of summer forage crops on growth characteristics and productivity in Sihwa reclaimed land. The summer forage crops used in the trial were silage corn, sorghum×sudangrass hybrid(SSH), and proso millet. For each forage species, Gwangpyeongok(GPO), P15453, P1952 and P2088 were used for silage corn, and 877F, Green star, Honey chew, and Turbo gold cultivars were used for SSH. For proso millet, Ibaekchal, Geumsilchal and Manhongchal developed by the National Institute of Crop Science were used. Silage corn and SSH were sown on May 21, 2019 and proso millet on June 4, and harvested on September 2. There was no significant difference in plant and ear height of silage corn among varieties. P1543 was the highest and P2088 was the lowest in yield of silage corn, but there was no significant difference among treatments. Among the SSH, the plant height of 877F was the highest and Turbo gold variety had the smallest (p<0.05). As for the dry matter(DM) yields, 877F had the highest at 3,862 kg/ha and Green star had the lowest at 2,669 kg/ha (p<0.05). The fresh matter yield of proso millet was 15,778 kg/ha, which was higher than that of corn or SSH, The average dry matter yield was 4,780 kg/ha, and Ibaekchal variety had the highest DM yield compared to other varieties (p<0.05). P2088 had the highest TDN content and GPO was the lowest (p<0.05). As for the SSH, the TDN content of Green star and Honey chew varieties was significantly higher, and the RFV value was the lowest in Turbo gold. The average crude protein content of proso millet was 7.03%, and the highest TDN and RFV values were 64.36% and 106 in Geumsilchal. In the experiment of the germination rate of summer forage crops according to salt concentration, silage corn showed a germination rate of 83.1% even at 0.4% salinity. In particular, P2088 and P1921 varieties had more than 80% germination rate even at 0.6% salt concentration. As for the SSH, the germination rate of 877F was 93.3% even at 0.8% salinity, and 88.3% with Honey chew, indicating higher resistance to salt concentration compared to other varieties. Proso millet showed a high germination rate of 84.0 to 88.7% even at a salt concentration of 0.6%. Considering the above results, proso millet was recommended as the most suitable forage crop species in the Sihwa reclaimed land with high salt concentration, and the Ibaekchal variety is recommended as a suitable forage crop due to its high yield.

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