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Lee, Hyojung,Lee, Eui-joon,Kim, Hyunseong,Lee, Gihyun,Um, Eun-Jin,Kim, Youngchul,Lee, Boo-Yong,Bae, Hyunsu S. Karger AG 2011 American journal of nephrology Vol.34 No.2
<P>Abstract</P><P><I>Background/Aims:</I> Bee venom (BV) therapy has been used to treat inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis in humans and in experimental animals. This study was conducted to examine the therapeutic effect of BV on established lupus nephritis in New Zealand Black/White (NZB/W) F1 female mice. <I>Methods:</I> Beginning at 18 weeks of age, mice were given a subcutaneous injection of either BV (3 mg/kg BW) or an equal volume of saline once a week until the end of the study. To examine the effect of BV on CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, splenocytes from NZB/W mice (23 weeks of age) were treated with BV (1 μg/ml) or PBS in the presence of anti-CD3ε (1 μg/ml) and anti-CD28 antibodies (4 μg/ml) for 48 h. <I>Results:</I> BV administration delayed the development of proteinuria to a significant extent, prevented renal inflammation, reduced tubular damage, and reduced immune deposits in the glomeruli. Interestingly, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells were significantly increased in vitro and in vivo after BV treatment. <I>Conclusion:</I> Collectively, the administration of BV that has immune modulating effects represents an applicable treatment of lupus nephritis in NZB/W F1 mice.</P><P>Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
Youngchul Yoo,Jong Chan Park,Joo-Mi Yoon,Hyemin Lim,Gang-Seob Lee,Sang-Won Lee 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
Plants have evolved a set of protecting mechanisms against pathogens, which include secondary metabolites and induced defense responses to pathogen attack. The biological role of purine alkaloids including caffeine is largely unknown. It has been proposed that caffeine confers a resistance against pathogenic bacteria and herbivores. We, in this study, tested direct effects on the growth of rice pathogenic microbes, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causing a bacterial leaf blight and Magnaporthe grisea (M. grisea) causing a rice blast. Cell growth of Xoo and M. grisea were significantly retarded in presence of high concentration (2mM) of caffeine. Exogenous caffeine (5mM) induced resistance of wild type rice (cv. Dongjin, susceptible to Xoo and M. grisea) against those pathogens. These results indicated that caffeine enhanced the basal resistance to infection with Xoo. In addition, expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes was tested in the caffeine treated rice to elucidate the acquired resistance by caffeine, resulted in induction of PR genes including OsPR1a and OsPrb1. We have generated a transgenic rice producing caffeine by introduction of three N- methyltransferase genes (CaXMT1, CaMXMT1, CaDXMT1) identified from coffee plant. The transgenic rice successfully expressed the three genes, synthesized caffeine up to 5ug/g and showed enhanced resistance to Xoo. We also observed that transcripts of PR genes such as the OsPR1a and OsPrb1 encoding PR-1 type pathogenesis-related protein increased in the caffeine-producing rice. These result showed that caffeine is likely to act a powerful factor to increase level of rice defense as a natural and non-harmful metabolite.
Active Cell Balancing Circuit Based on the Forward Converter with an RCD circuit
Youngchul Lee,Jae-Jung Yun,Sungwoo Bae 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
This paper presents an active cell balancing circuit based on the forward converter with an RCD reset circuit. The proposed cell equalizer uses an RCD reset circuit to prevent the transformer of the proposed active-cell balancing circuit from being saturated. Because of this RCD reset circuit, the stored energy in the magnetizing inductor of a transformer can be released. The proposed cell balancing circuit operates for all cells to be equalized concurrently. Thus, the proposed balancing circuit is faster than a bi-directional forward converter in the literature. The feasibility of the proposed circuit was presented by PowerSIM simulation software.
Lee, Dohyung,Ryu, Taekyu,Park, Youngchul,Lee, Phil Ho American Chemical Society 2014 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.16 No.4
<P>A reversed-polarity synthetic method of a range of unsymmetric aryl aryl and alkenyl aryl ketones has been developed through Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of acylindium reagents generated in situ from easily available acid chlorides and indium with various electrophiles such as aryl iodide and triflate and alkenyl triflate.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/orlef7/2014/orlef7.2014.16.issue-4/ol500003g/production/images/medium/ol-2014-00003g_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ol500003g'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Widely tunable double-ring resonator add/drop reflection filter based on polymer PLC
Lee, Ho,Lee, Youngsik,Kim, Gunwoo,Kim, Suhyun,Chung, Youngchul Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS Vol.52 No.4
<P>We demonstrate a widely tunable polymer add/drop reflection filter using double-ring resonators with slightly different radii. The reflector proposed as an alternative to grating-based wavelength-selective reflectors shows a wide tuning range of 42.3 nm using a small amount of current as small as 30 mA. If the proposed reflection filter is hybrid-integrated with a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier or a superluminescent laser diode, a low-cost widely tunable laser could be realized. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:852–855, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25048</P>
Design and Implementation of Math-Solving Robot
Youngchul Park,Hyungseok Lee,Joonpyo Hong,Joonsung Lee,Taesan Min,Hyeun Jeong Min,Hyo-Sang Lim,Hyoungsoon Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2016 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10
This paper presents the design of a math-solving robot which has many potential applications in service, entertainment, and educational robotics. We design a robot scanning and recognizing a printed math problem on a paper and then writing an answer on it. We specifically attempt to solve magic square puzzles and compute simple calculation. Controlling motors and recognizing targets from low-cost sensors are very challenging; however, we address the design of our robot to generate stable and effective motions, built with a Lego Mindstorms EV3 in addition to robust sensing ability through its color sensor in our software design. We also present a linear system method and rank analysis in order to decide if the given puzzle has a unique solution, more than one solution, or no solution. Through real robot experiments with quantitative and qualitative analysis regarding scanning, matching, and algorithm, we demonstrate our robot solves given magic square problems and simple calculations.
A Study on Discount Stores Brand Images upon Consumer Satisfaction
Youngchul Lee,Heeyoung Cho 한국유통과학회 2013 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2013 No.-
Consumers to the brand image of the Discount Stores having a major impact on customer satisfaction, according to the trust to check whether the results of this study. Brand image is very important for marketing strategies such as market entry and competitive strategies, domestic Discount Stores are branded, identified by the empirical. According to the study, it is necessary to make the brand image that may have a discriminatory advantage to pursue advanced Discount Stores, large discount factors of brand image perception, the higher the quality and dignity may increase your level of confidence in the brand whether the reliability factor on the brand image of the Discount Stores can have a positive impact on customer satisfaction, brand trust is equally important in terms of advertising or promoting the image because the, corporate appropriate action may be necessary. Discount Stores brand image perception, the more highly the dignity of the high customer satisfaction, so can the urgent need for Discount Stores for the creation of customer satisfaction, brand image strategy development and implementation. As well as to promote customer satisfaction as well as high quality and environmental factors, customer satisfaction and highly perceptive and can not be therefore considered that a strategic response is required.