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지역난방 공동주택의 건축물 에너지절약 설계기준 강화에 따른 난방에너지 사용량 분석
이성우(Sung一Woo Lee),정광섭(Kwang-Seop Chung),김영일(Young-Il Kim) 한국지열·수열에너지학회 2011 한국지열에너지학회논문집 Vol.7 No.2
Since 1970s, energy-saving design criteria of buildings has been improved through numerous revisions. The purpose of this research is to show how energy saving design criteria affects heating energy consumption of apartments using district heating. Heating energy consumption has been measured in 4 apartments located in Gyeonggi province, Korea from Nov. 1, 2007 through Oct. 31, 2008. Collected data was regressed to linear correlations. Heating energy consumptions were calculated for past, present and future energy-saving design criteria, which are outdoor temperature, ventilation and insulation. The results show that present design criteria has reduced heating energy consumption by 15%, and the future criteria will reduce the energy consumption by 42% compared to the criteria before 2001.
Sang-Heon Cho,Jung-Hee Lee,Hyeong-Seok Lim,Kyoo-Hyung Lee,Dae-Young Kim,Sangmin Choe,Kyun-Seop Bae,Je-Hwan Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.3
The objective of this study was to externally validate a new dosing scheme for busulfan. Thirty-seven adult patients who received busulfan as conditioning therapy for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) participated in this prospective study. Patients were randomized to receive intravenous busulfan, either as the conventional dosage (3.2 mg/kg daily) or according to the new dosing scheme based on their actual body weight (ABW) (23×ABW<sup>0.5</sup> mg daily) targeting an area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 5924 μM∙min. Pharmacokinetic profiles were collected using a limited sampling strategy by randomly selecting 2 time points at 3.5, 5, 6, 7 or 22 hours after starting busulfan administration. Using an established population pharmacokinetic model with NONMEM software, busulfan concentrations at the available blood sampling times were predicted from dosage history and demographic data. The predicted and measured concentrations were compared by a visual predictive check (VPC). Maximum a <i>posteriori</i> Bayesian estimators were estimated to calculate the predicted AUC (AUC<sub>PRED</sub>). The accuracy and precision of the AUC<sub>PRED</sub> values were assessed by calculating the mean prediction error (MPE) and root mean squared prediction error (RMSE), and compared with the target AUC of 5924 μM∙min. VPC showed that most data fell within the 95% prediction interval. MPE and RMSE of AUC<sub>PRED</sub> were -5.8% and 20.6%, respectively, in the conventional dosing group and –2.1% and 14.0%, respectively, in the new dosing scheme group. These findings demonstrated the validity of a new dosing scheme for daily intravenous busulfan used as conditioning therapy for HCT.
Lee, Jun Ah,Choi, Sang Yul,Kang, Hyoung Jin,Lee, Ji Won,Kim, Hyery,Kim, Jeong Hun,Sung, Ki Woong,Shin, Hee Young,Ahn, Hyo Seop,Park, Kyung Duk BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2014 British journal of ophthalmology Vol.98 No.10
<P><B>Aims</B></P><P>To analyse clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of osteosarcoma that developed in survivors of bilateral retinoblastoma.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Three institutions participated in this retrospective study. Among survivors of bilateral retinoblastoma who were diagnosed and treated between 1995 and 2012, 8 cases (4 male, 4 female) of osteosarcoma were identified. Medical records were thoroughly reviewed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Median age at diagnosis of bilateral retinoblastoma was 8.5 months (range 1.4–18.4 months). Treatment modalities for retinoblastoma were: enucleation+chemotherapy+radiotherapy (n=6); chemotherapy combined with focal therapy (n=1); and chemotherapy+radiotherapy (n=1). Median radiotherapy dose was 46.5 Gy (range 45–54 Gy). Median age at diagnosis of osteosarcoma was 8.9 years (range 5.4–20.3 years). Median interval between retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma was 8.2 years (range 5.0–20.0 years). Tumour locations were femur (n=5), tibia (n=1), mandible (n=1), and nasal cavity (n=1). Two patients presented with lung metastasis. Seven patients received multimodal treatment, and treatment was refused in 1 patient. After diagnosis of osteosarcoma, the patients were followed for a median of 17.3 months (range 4.4–56.4 months). The 2-year overall survival and event-free survival rates were 56.3±19.9% and 33.3±18.0%, respectively. At the time of analysis, 5 patients remained alive, and 2 of them were on therapy. Of the 3 surviving patients without evidence of disease, 2 received high dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell support.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our data could be used as a basis for future studies aimed at reaching consensus about long term follow-up and treatment guidelines for this genetically susceptible group of patients.</P>
Sung Ku Park,Won Jun Yang,Joon Hee Lee,Tong Seop Kim 대한기계학회 2007 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.21 No.2
This paper presents analysis results for the hybrid power system combining a solid oxide fuel cell and a gas turbine. Two system layouts, with the major difference being the operating pressure of the fuel cell, were considered and their thermodynamic design performances were compared. Critical temperature parameters affecting the design performances of the hybrid systems were considered as constraints for the system design. In addition to energy analysis, exergy analysis has been adopted to examine the performance differences depending on system layouts and design conditions. Under a relaxed temperature constraint on the cell, the ambient pressure system exhibits relatively larger power capacity but requires both higher cell temperature and temperature rise at the cell for a given gas turbine design condition. The pressurized system utilizes the high temperature gas from the fuel cell more effectively than the ambient pressure system, and thus exhibits better efficiency. Under a restricted temperature constraint on the cell, the efficiency advantage of the pressurized system becomes manifested.