Comparative whole genome analysis of face-derived Streptococcus infantis CX-4 unravels the functions related to skin barrier

Lee Haeun,Lee Dong-Geol,Jo HyungWoo,Heo Young Mok,Baek Chaeyun,Kim Hye-Been,COSMAX BTI,Kang Seunghyun,Lee Wooseok,Mun Seyoung,Han Kyudong 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.4

Background The skin microbiome is essential in guarding against harmful pathogens and responding to environmental changes by generating substances useful in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Among these microorganisms, Streptococcus is a bacterial species identified in various isolation sources. In 2021, a strain of Streptococcus infantis, CX-4, was identified from facial skin and found to be linked to skin structure and elasticity. As the skin-derived strain differs from other S. infantis strains, which are usually of oral origin, it emphasizes the significance of bacterial variation by the environment. Objective This study aims to explore the unique characteristics of the CX-4 compared to seven oral-derived Streptococcus strains based on the Whole-Genome Sequencing data, focusing on its potential role in skin health and its possible application in cosmetic strategies. Methods The genome of the CX-4 strain was constructed using PacBio Sequencing, with the assembly performed using the SMRT protocol. Comparative whole-genome analysis was then performed with seven closely related strains, utilizing web-based tools like PATRIC, OrthoVenn3, and EggNOG-mapper, for various analyses, including protein association analysis using STRING. Results Our analysis unveiled a substantial number of Clusters of Orthologous Groups in diverse functional categories in CX-4, among which sphingosine kinase (SphK) emerged as a unique product, exclusively present in the CX-4 strain. SphK is a critical enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway, generating sphingosine-1-phosphate. The study also brought potential associations with isoprene formation and retinoic acid synthesis, the latter being a metabolite of vitamin A, renowned for its crucial function in promoting skin cell growth, differentiation, and maintaining of skin barrier integrity. These findings collectively suggest the potential of the CX-4 strain in enhancing of skin barrier functionality. Conclusion Our research underscores the potential of the skin-derived S. infantis CX-4 strain by revealing unique bacterial compounds and their potential roles on human skin. Background The skin microbiome is essential in guarding against harmful pathogens and responding to environmental changes by generating substances useful in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Among these microorganisms, Streptococcus is a bacterial species identified in various isolation sources. In 2021, a strain of Streptococcus infantis, CX-4, was identified from facial skin and found to be linked to skin structure and elasticity. As the skin-derived strain differs from other S. infantis strains, which are usually of oral origin, it emphasizes the significance of bacterial variation by the environment. Objective This study aims to explore the unique characteristics of the CX-4 compared to seven oral-derived Streptococcus strains based on the Whole-Genome Sequencing data, focusing on its potential role in skin health and its possible application in cosmetic strategies. Methods The genome of the CX-4 strain was constructed using PacBio Sequencing, with the assembly performed using the SMRT protocol. Comparative whole-genome analysis was then performed with seven closely related strains, utilizing web-based tools like PATRIC, OrthoVenn3, and EggNOG-mapper, for various analyses, including protein association analysis using STRING. Results Our analysis unveiled a substantial number of Clusters of Orthologous Groups in diverse functional categories in CX-4, among which sphingosine kinase (SphK) emerged as a unique product, exclusively present in the CX-4 strain. SphK is a critical enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway, generating sphingosine-1-phosphate. The study also brought potential associations with isoprene formation and retinoic acid synthesis, the latter being a metabolite of vitamin A, renowned for its crucial function in promoting skin cell growth, differentiation, and maintaining of skin barrier integrity. These findings collectively suggest the potential of the CX-4 strain in enhancing of skin barrier functionality. Conclusion Our research underscores the potential of the skin-derived S. infantis CX-4 strain by revealing unique bacterial compounds and their potential roles on human skin.

Comparative analysis of human facial skin microbiome between topical sites compared to entire face

Lee Haeun,Jeong Jinuk,Oh Yunseok,Lee Cherl-Jun,Mun Seyoung,Lee Dong-Geol,Jo HyungWoo,Heo Young Mok,Baek Chaeyun,Heo Chan Yeong,Kang So Min,한규동 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.12

Background Skin is an essential outer barrier and supports the growth of commensal microorganisms that protects a host from the ofense of foreign toxic organisms. With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based applications, skin microbiome research for facial health care has reached industry growth, such as therapy and cosmetic product development. Despite the acceleration of skin microbiome research, experimental standardization protocol has not yet been established in the facial site and method of sampling. Objective Thus, we aimed to investigate the diferences in microbial composition at each facial site (cheek, mouth, forehead, and entire face) using comprehensive microbiome analysis. Methods Twelve specimens from three men (four specimens per one person) were collected. The hypervariable regions (V3–V4) of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were targeted for 16S amplicon library construction and classifcation of bacterial taxonomy. Skin microbial composition for all specimens was investigated, and the diferences site-by-site in skin microbial composition were analyzed and evaluated by the various statistical tests. Results We were able to validate the independent correlation between the skin microbiome composition and the facial sites. The cheek site showed the highest alpha-diversity in richness and evenness scores compared to the forehead and mouth. The cheek and mouth sites showed a positive correlation (R2 value>0.93) with the entire face, while the forehead sites were negatively correlated (R2 value<0.2). Given the relative abundance based on statistical correlation analysis, we estimated that the cheek site could be considered an optimal topical site to replace the entire face. Conclusion Our study suggests that skin microbiome profling of four facial sites confrms that the cheek shows the most similar skin fora with the entire face. This study would be informative for preventing bias caused by sampling methods before researching and understanding skin cosmetics development or skin diseases.

Characterizing Particulate Matter at Baeng-Yeong Island, Korea, with a High Resolution Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer

Taehyoung Lee,JinSoo Park,SeokJo Lee,JongChoon Kim,Sungki Jang,DongWon Lee,JoonYoung Ahn,HaEun Jeon,GangWoong Lee,Jeffrey L. Collett 한국대기환경학회 2011 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.5월

수소부품 안전성 평가를 위한 극저온 챔버용 열교환기 성능 해석

이하은(Haeun Lee),이형순(Hyoungsoon Lee),전호병(Hobyoung Jun),정찬호(Chanho Jeong),이동훈(Donghoon Lee),김시우(Si Woo Kim) 대한기계학회 2022 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.46 No.4

세계적으로 각광받고 있는 친환경 교통수단인 수소버스의 부품의 안전성을 검증하기 위하여 검증장비 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 수소버스 안전성을 평가하기 위한 장비 중 하나인 고압부품 수소리크 시험 및 TPRD(thermally activated pressure relief device) thermal cycle 시험 장치에 포함되는 극저온 챔버를 구동하기 위한 적절한 열교환기를 설계하기 위한 열교환기의 열 및 유동해석을 진행하였다. 수소부품의 안전성을 평가하기 위해 부품을 수용할 수 있는 온도조절이 가능한 극저온 챔버를 위한 열교환기의 필요 성능을 검증하고 챔버 내 온도구배를 해석함으로써 정립되지 않은 수소버스 시험설비를 제작하기 위해 필요한 열교환기의 필요 용량 및 규격을 제시하고 수소부품을 위한 극저온 시험설비를 제작하기 위한 설계 기준안을 제시하고자 한다. The development of verification equipment is actively being conducted to verify the safety of parts of hydrogen buses, which is an eco-friendly means of transportation that is in the spotlight around the world. Heat and flow analysis of a heat exchanger was conducted to design a suitable heat exchanger for driving a cryogenic chamber included in a thermally activated pressure relief device thermal cycle test apparatus, which is one piece of equipment used for evaluating the safety of a hydrogen bus. To evaluate the safety of hydrogen components, the necessary performance of the heat exchanger to maintain the temperature was verified for cryogenic chambers capable of temperature control, and the temperature gradient in the chamber was analyzed. This analysis can help in understanding the required capacity and standard of heat exchangers needed to manufacture unestablished hydrogen bus test facilities and to prepare design standards when manufacturing cryogenic test facilities for hydrogen components.

IoT 센서 연동 운전 보조 음성 AI Agent Device 및 App

이하은(Haeun Lee),이시윤(Siyoon Lee),오인규(Inkyu OH),박경만(Kyeongman Park),신승연(Seungyun Shin),이수민(Sumin Lee),정서우(Seowoo Jeong),이민구(Mingu Lee) 한국HCI학회 2022 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.2

‘캐리’는 운전에 어려움을 느끼는 초보 운전자와 장롱면허자의 안전운전을 위해 고안된 어플리케이션이다. ‘캐리’ 어플과 차량용 인공지능 스피커를 통해서 보다 안전하고, 심리적으로 안정된 상황에서 운전을 할 수 있도록 돕는다. 또한, 본 기능을 공유-렌터카 업체와 연동함으로써, 교통사고 발생 빈도가 상대적으로 높은 초보 운전자들에게 합리적인 가격으로 운전 교습을 제공하고, 심리적 안정감을 증진시키는 것을 목표로 한다. 본 논문에서는 ‘캐리" 어플리케이션의 프로토타입을 디자인 하는 과정을 담았으며, 그 과정에서 이루어진 설문조사와 사용성 평가의 결과를 중심으로 기술하였다. 각 평가는 "캐리"가 사용자들의 니즈를 정화하게 충족시키고 있는지, 어플의 디자인이 사용자에게 직관적으로 이용되고 있는지에 대해서 알아보기 위해 진행되었다. 평가는 실제 주행 환경이 아닌 테이블 테스트로 진행되었으며, 현재는 모듈 완성 이후 테스트 차량을 통한 사용자 평가와 AI Agent Device 베타 버전 평가를 진행중이다.

Impact of Low-Level Donor-Specific Anti-HLA Antibody on Posttransplant Clinical Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Lee Haeun,Lee Hanbi,Eum Sang Hun,Ko Eun Jeong,Min Ji-Won,Oh Eun-Jee,Yang Chul Woo,Chung Byung Ha 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.4

Background: The clinical significance of low-level donor-specific anti-HLA antibody (low-DSA) remains controversial. We investigated the impact of low-DSA on posttransplant clinical outcomes in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,027 KT recipients, namely, 629 living donor KT (LDKT) recipients and 398 deceased donor KT (DDKT) recipients, in Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital (Seoul, Korea) between 2010 and 2018. Low-DSA was defined as a positive anti-HLA-DSA result in the Luminex single antigen assay (LABScreen single antigen HLA class I - combi and class II - group 1 kits; One Lambda, Canoga Park, CA, USA) but a negative result in a crossmatch test. We compared the incidence of biopsy-proven allograft rejection (BPAR), changes in allograft function, allograft survival, patient survival, and posttransplant infections between subgroups according to pretransplant low-DSA. Results: The incidence of overall BPAR and T cell-mediated rejection did not differ between the subgroups. However, antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) developed more frequently in patients with low-DSA than in those without low-DSA in the total cohort and the LDKT and DDKT subgroups. In multivariate analysis, low-DSA was identified as a risk factor for ABMR development. Its impact was more pronounced in DDKT (odds ratio [OR]: 9.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.79–51.56) than in LDKT (OR: 3.76, 95% CI: 0.99–14.26) recipients. There were no significant differences in other outcomes according to pretransplant low-DSA. Conclusions: Pretransplant low-DSA has a significant impact on the development of ABMR, and more so in DDKT recipients than in LDKT recipients, but not on long-term outcomes.

Renal hypouricemia as the cause of exercise-induced acute kidney injury

( Haeun Lee ),( Donghyuk Kang ),( Hanbi Lee ),( Jisook Yim ),( Myungshin Kim ),( Cheol Whee Park ) 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.4

Synthesis and Characterization of Anguibactin To Reveal Its Competence To Function as a Thermally Stable Surrogate Siderophore for a Gram-Negative Pathogen, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>

Lee, Haeun,Song, Woon Young,Kim, Minju,Lee, Min Wook,Kim, Soojeung,Park, Ye Song,Kwak, Kyungwon,Oh, Man Hwan,Kim, Hak Joong American Chemical Society 2018 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.20 No.20

<P>Total synthesis of anguibactin was accomplished for the first time, and the following biochemical characterizations allowed for the determination of its Fe(III) binding mode as well as the demonstration of its iron delivery capability for <I>Acinetobacter baumannii</I>. These properties, in addition to the thermal stability over acinetobactin, render anguibactin as a competent surrogate siderophore that can be useful for the future development of a siderophore-based antibiotic delivery system against <I>A. baumannii</I>.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Unexpected ways wake up your brain

HaEun Lee(이하은) 한국디자인학회 2023 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2023 No.12

Successful diagnosis and treatment of recurrent atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome posttransplantation caused by the heterozygous deletion of CFH in a patient with end-stage kidney disease of uncertain etiology

( Haeun Lee ),( Hoon Seok Kim ),( Hanbi Lee ),( Sang Hun Eum ),( In O Sun ),( Jaehoon Shin ),( Yeong Jin Choi ),( Chul Woo Yang ),( Myungshin Kim ),( Byung Ha Chung ) 대한신장학회 2024 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.43 No.1