http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Comparative Analysis of Human, Mouse, and Pig Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene Structures
Eun, Kiyoung,Hwang, Seon-Ung,Jeon, Hye-Min,Hyun, Sang-Hwan,Kim, Hyunggee Taylor Francis 2016 Animal biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
<P>Comparing the coding and regulatory sequences of genes in different species provides information on whether proteins translated from genes have conserved functions or gene expressions are regulated by analogical mechanisms. Herein, we compared the coding and regulatory sequences of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) from humans, mice, and pigs. The GFAP gene encodes a class III intermediate filament protein expressed specifically in astrocytes of the central nervous system. On comparing the mRNA, regulatory region (promoter), and protein sequences of GFAP gene in silico, we found that GFAP mRNA 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), promoter, and amino acid sequences showed higher similarities between humans and pigs than between humans and mice. In addition, the promoter-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that the pig GFAP promoter functioned in human astrocytes. Notably, the 1.8-kb promoter fragment upstream from transcription initiation site showed strongest transcriptional activity compared to 5.2-kb DNA fragment or other regions of GFAP promoter. We also found that pig GFAP mRNA and promoter activity increased in pig fibroblasts by human IL-1 beta treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that the regulatory mechanisms and functions of pig genes might be more similar to those of humans than mice, indicating that pigs, particularly miniature pigs, are a useful model for studying human biological and pathological events.</P>
The Cloning and Comparative Analysis of Sus scrofa domesticus GFAP Promoter
Kiyoung Eun,Seon-ung Hwang,So-Young Chang,Hye-Min Jeon,Sang Hwan Hyun,Hyunggee Kim 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2014 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.38 No.2s
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a class-Ⅲ intermediate filament protein specifically expressed in astrocyte of central nerve system (CNS). Studies have demonstrated that approximately 2.2 kilo-base pairs of the human and mouse GFAP promoter region are sufficient to directly regulate GFAP protein or transgene expression in astrocytes and it has been used in numerous studies dealing with the nerve system development, CNS injury-induced process, and disease models. Based on the notion that a pig displays greater taxonomic resemblance to human than a rodent, here we sought to validate a GFAP promoter sequence of a pig as a better representative of that of human. We compared the promoter, mRNA and protein sequences of human, mouse, and swine GFAP and observed that pig and human GFAP show the greatest amount of sequence resemblance. This suggests that the regulatory mechanism underlying swine GFAP expression is more similar to that of human GFAP. A 5.2kb DNA fragment of miniature swine GFAP promoter was isolated from a genomic DNA of miniature pig, Sus scrofa domesticus. In order to validate the key regulatory element of swine GFAP expression, the isolated DNA fragment was further divided into three segments. These partial and full GFAP sequences were then inserted into luciferase reporter systems and their activities were measured by GFAP inducer treatment. The increased expression of swine GFAP-luciferase transgenes was observed upon the treatment of inducer and this suggests that the swine GFAP promoter can be used to induce the expression of a target gene specifically in swine astrocytes. Furthermore, the promoter may be applied to carry out various scientific procedures such the investigation of physiological mechanism underlying gliosis or the generation of CNS disease model.
Cancer stem cell heterogeneity: origin and new perspectives on CSC targeting
( Kiyoung Eun ),( Seok Won Ham ),( Hyunggee Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2017 BMB Reports Vol.50 No.3
Most of the cancers are still incurable human diseases. According to recent findings, especially targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the most promising therapeutic strategy. CSCs take charge of a cancer hierarchy, harboring stem cell-like properties involving self-renewal and aberrant differentiation potential. Most of all, the presence of CSCs is closely associated with tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance. Despite the numerous efforts to target CSCs, current anti-cancer therapies are still impeded by CSC-derived cancer malignancies; increased metastases, tumor recurrence, and even acquired resistance against the anti-CSC therapies developed in experimental models. One of the most forceful underlying reasons is a “cancer heterogeneity” due to “CSC plasticity”. A comprehensive understanding of CSC-derived heterogeneity will provide novel insights into the establishment of efficient targeting strategies to eliminate CSCs. Here, we introduce findings on mechanisms of CSC reprogramming and CSC plasticity, which give rise to phenotypically varied CSCs. Also, we suggest concepts to improve CSC-targeted therapy in order to overcome therapeutic resistance caused by CSC plasticity and heterogeneity. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(3): 117-125]
황선웅,Kiyoung Eun,윤준철,Hyunggee Kim,Sang-Hwan Hyun 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.3
Transgenic (TG) pigs are important in biomedical research and are used in disease modeling, pharmaceutical toxicity testing, and regenerative medicine. In this study, we constructed two vector systems by using the promoter of the pig glial fibrillary acidic protein (pGFAP) gene, which is an astrocyte cell marker. We established donor TG fibroblasts with pGFAP-CreERT2/LCMV-EGFPLoxP and evaluated the effect of the transgenes on TG-somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo development. Cleavage rates were not significantly different between control and transgene-donor groups. Embryo transfer was performed thrice just before ovulation of the surrogate sows. One sow delivered 5 TG piglets at 115 days after pregnancy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis with genomic DNA isolated from skin tissues of TG pigs revealed that all 5 TG pigs had the transgenes. EGFP expression in all organs tested was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and PCR. Real-time PCR analysis showed that pGFAP promoter-driven Cre fused to the mutated human ligand-binding domain of the estrogen receptor (CreERT2) mRNA was highly expressed in the cerebrum. Semi-nested PCR analysis revealed that CreERT2-mediated recombination was induced in cerebrum and cerebellum but not in skin. Thus, we successfully generated a TG pig with a 4-hydroxytamoxifen (TM)-inducible pGFAP-CreERT2/EGFPLoxP recombination system via SCNT.
수도권과 대구·경북지역의 일부 다중이용시설에서 흡연실 설치와 금연구역 정책 준수 수준 파악
유다은(Da eun Yu),박지영(Ji Young Park),이기영(Kiyoung Lee),김승원(Seung Won Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2021 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.47 No.1
Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate the installation rates and status of indoor smoking rooms in public facilities and to determine the level of compliance level with smoke-free policies in accordance with the National Health Promotion Act. Methods: A visiting survey was conducted on 1,206 public facilities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area and the Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province area. Researchers selected public facilities such as bars, coffee houses, and internet cafes using convenient sampling. They visited without prior notice, checked the existence of indoor smoking rooms, and recorded their status. Results: Internet cafes (110/116) had the highest installation rate of indoor smoking rooms, followed by bowling clubs (17/19) and billiard rooms (87/100). Depending on the type of business, 50-88% of smoking rooms were not completely enclosed. Coin karaoke rooms showed the least inadequacy in this regard. In addition, out of 512 smoking rooms, in 33% (n = 169) smoking indoors was observed in non-smoking areas. Only 9% of public facilities were in full compliance with the indoor smoke-free regulation. Conclusions: It was found that most of the public facilities with indoor smoking rooms did not comply with the smoke-free policy, and smoking was still observed inside some facilities. Therefore, there is a need for a policy that prohibits indoor smoking rooms completely.
σ-Complexation as a strategy for designing copper-based light emitters
Kim, Yeong-Eun,Kim, Jin,Park, Joon Woo,Park, Kiyoung,Lee, Yunho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Chemical communications Vol.53 No.19
<P>Strongly emissive cuprous complexes containing a stable sigma-SiH-Cu motif were prepared. These complexes serve as a proof of principle that sigma-complexation can be utilized as a design principle for engineering responsive light emitting materials. Their excited state lifetimes were found to be long (similar to 20 mu s) with high quantum yields (phi = 0.40-0.59).</P>