작가의 산책이 지니는 의미 - 로베르트 발저의 『산책』과 페터 한트케의 『어느 작가의 오후』를 중심으로

김경민 ( Kim¸ Kyungmin ) 한국독일어문학회 2021 독일어문학 Vol.94 No.-

로베르트 발저 Robert Walser의 『산책 Der Spaziergang』(1917)과 페터 한트케 Peter Handke의 『어느 작가의 오후 Nachmittag eines Schriftstellers』(1987)에서 나타나는 작가라는 직업을 가진 두 주인공들의 산책의 의미를 분석하고자 하였다. 비슷한 상황에 놓인 것처럼 보이는 두 작가들에게 있어서 산책은 다소 다른 의미를 가진다. 발저의 산책자는 창조적 활동의 과도한 압박감과 불안함에 휩싸여 서재로부터 도망치듯 거리로 나오지만, 그는 집필에 관한 생각을 이어나가며 산책이 집필, 그 자체라고 강조한다. 그리고 산책을 통한 육체적 움직임이 다시금 그의 정신을 움직이게 하고 그를 살아있게 만든다. 한트케의 산책자는 집필을 마친 후 떠난 산책에서 지나가는 행인들의 시선에 의해 망상에 빠지며 편집증의 조짐을 보인다. 그는 작가라는 직업을 가진 자신의 존재를 끊임없이 의심한다. 극도의 불안감에 휩싸인 그는 자신의 정신적 상태를 지속적으로 목도하게 된다. 본고는 현 시대에서도 여전히 일상적으로 행해지고 있는 여유롭고 한가로운 산책이 문학 속에서 작가의 창조적 활동과 동일시됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 자아발견에 중점을 둔 그 동안의 산책 모티브에 관한 연구로부터 차별화를 두어 정신적 건강을 위한 하나의 치료 수단으로의 산책의 의미를 살펴보고자 하였다. Es wird die Bedeutung des Spaziergangs für die Schrifsteller anaylisiert, die in Der Spaziergang(1917) von Robert Walser und Nachmittag eines Schriftstellers(1987) von Peter Handke auftreten. Obwohl beide Schriftsteller in einer ähnlichen Situation sind, erfüllt der Spaziergang für Sie leicht unterschiedliche Funktionen. Walsers Spaziergänger tritt auf die Straße hinaus als würde er vom Schreibtisch fliehen wollen, angesichts des hohen Drucks und der Angst vor der kreativen Tätigkeit. Jedoch betont er, dass der Spaziergang der Schreibprozess selbst sei. Und die körperliche Bewegung durch den Spaziergang ermögliche es ihm seinen Geist zu bewegen und schließlich zu leben. Handkes Spaziergänger, der anders als bei Walser erst nach seiner Schreibarbeit hinausgeht, gerät durch die Blicke anderer Passanten in Wahnvorstellungen und zeigt monomanische Anzeichen. Ihn belasten ständige Zweifel an seiner Existenz als Schriftsteller. Dadurch wird er selbst detailliert mit seinem psychischen Zustand konfrontiert, der von starker Angst geprägt ist. Dieser Aufsatz zeigt, dass der entspannte Spaziergang, der auch in der heutigen Zeit noch immer praktiziert wird, in der Literatur für den Schriftsteller gleichbedeutend mit seiner kreativen Tätigkeit ist. Darüber hinaus wird in Abgrenzung von Studien über Spaziergangsmotive, die sich auf die Selbstfindung konzentrieren, die Bedeutung des Spaziergangs als ‘ein therapeutisches Mittel’ für die psychische Gesundheit untersucht.

Conducting and interface characterization of carbonate-type organic electrolytes containing EMImBF4 as an additive against activated carbon electrode

Mingyeong Kim,Kyungmin Kim,Seok Kim 한국탄소학회 2015 Carbon Letters Vol.16 No.1

Carbonate-type organic electrolytes were prepared using propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as a solvent, quaternary ammonium salts, and by adding different contents of 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMImBF4). Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry were performed to analyze conducting behaviors. The surface characterizations were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy method and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. From the experimental results, increasing the EMImBF4 content increased the ionic conductivity and reduced bulk resistance and interfacial resistance. In particular, after adding 15 vol% EMImBF4 in 0.2 M SBPBF4 PC/DMC electrolyte, the organic electrolyte showed superior capacitance and interfacial resistance. However, when EMImBF4 content exceeded 15 vol%, the capacitance was saturated and the voltage range decreased.

Highly Sensitive Colorimetric Assay for Determining Fe ³⁺ Based on Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated with Glycol Chitosan

Kim, Kyungmin,Nam, Yun-Sik,Lee, Yeonhee,Lee, Kang-Bong Hindawi 2017 Journal of analytical methods in chemistry Vol.2017 No.-

<P>A highly sensitive and simple colorimetric assay for the detection of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions was developed using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with glycol chitosan (GC). The Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ion coordinates with the oxygen atoms of GC in a hexadentate manner (O-Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-O), decreasing the interparticle distance and inducing aggregation. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry showed that the bound Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> was coordinated to the oxygen atoms of the ethylene glycol in GC, which resulted in a significant color change from light red to dark midnight blue due to aggregation. Using this GC-AuNP probe, the quantitative determination of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> in biological, environmental, and pharmaceutical samples could be achieved by the naked eye and spectrophotometric methods. Sensitive response and pronounced color change of the GC-AuNPs in the presence of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> were optimized at pH 6, 70°C, and 300 mM NaCl concentration. The absorption intensity ratio (<I>A</I><SUB>700</SUB>/<I>A</I><SUB>510</SUB>) linearly correlated to the Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> concentration in the linear range of 0–180 <I>μ</I>M. The limits of detection were 11.3, 29.2, and 46.0 nM for tap water, pond water, and iron supplement tablets, respectively. Owing to its facile and sensitive nature, this assay method for Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions can be applied to the analysis of drinking water and pharmaceutical samples.</P>

Japanese Hard Ticks (Ixodes nipponensis) Parasitizing on the Endangered Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilura) in the Republic of Korea

Kyungmin Kim,Sungsik Kong,Ye Inn Kim,Amael Borzee,Yoonhyuk Bae,Yikweon Jang 한국동물분류학회 2018 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.34 No.1

Because of the potential negative influence on their hosts, ecto-parasites are of prime importance to numerous species. Ticks are among these, distributed worldwide, and potentially transmitting diseases while sucking blood of diverse hosts. The leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilura Elliot, 1871) is the only felid left in the Republic of Korea following widespread anthropogenic disturbances that have resulted in the extinction of both Panthera species: the Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica Temminck, 1844) and Amur leopard (P. pardus orientalis (Schlegel, 1857)). This study identifies ticks collected from a roadkill leopard cat retrieved in Seosan area in the Republic of Korea. Two ticks attached to the facial area of the carcass were identified as Japanese hard ticks, Ixodes nipponensis, based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I. The matching sample was from Japan with 99.7% similarities, and the only available sequence on GenBank. This study reconfirms that I. nipponensis parasitizes the endangered leopard cat P. bengalensis euptilura.

Enzyme-mediated tissue adhesive hydrogels for meniscus repair

kim, Su-Hwan,An, Young-Hyeon,Kim, Hwan D.,Kim, Kyungmin,Lee, Sang-Hyuk,Yim, Hyun-Gu,Kim, Byung-Gee,Hwang, Nathaniel S. Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.110 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Meniscus tissues have limited regenerative capacity once damaged. The treatment options for the meniscus tissue regeneration have been limited to arthroscopic meniscectomy or surgical interventions. The injectable hydrogels based system would provide an alternative to the conventional meniscus therapy by providing a minimally invasive treatment alternative. Here we utilized enzyme-based approaches to fabricate tissue adhesive hydrogels for meniscus repair. Tyramine (TA) conjugated hyaluronic acid (TA-HA) and gelatin are susceptible to tyrosinase (TYR)-mediated crosslinking <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. Importantly, mechanical properties and degradation kinetics are modulated by the TA substitution and TYR concentrations. In addition, TYR −mediated crosslinking displayed tissue-adhesive properties. Furthermore, fibrochondrocyte-laden and TYR-crosslinked hydrogels demonstrated strong biocompatibility and resulted in enhancement of cartilage-specific gene expression and matrix synthesis. Overall, this represents a potential application of enzyme-mediated crosslinking hydrogels for meniscus tissue engineering.</P>

Postoperative Lumbar Plexopathy Secondary to Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma: A Case Report

Kim Kyungmin,Uhm Kyeong Eun 대한근전도전기진단의학회 2022 대한근전도 전기진단의학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Liposarcoma is a rare malignancy that usually originates in the extremities or the retroperitoneum. The lumbar plexus, a complex neural network formed by divisions of the first four lumbar roots, penetrates the psoas muscle before it exits the pelvis. Owing to their anatomical proximity, neoplasms in the vicinity of the psoas muscle may involve the lumbar plexus. We report a case of postoperative lumbar plexopathy involving the posterior divisions of the lumbar plexus, following the resection of a recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma located in the dorsal aspect of the psoas muscle. A 50-year-old man visited a rehabilitation clinic for an evaluation of proximal weakness of the unilateral lower extremity after resection of a recurrent liposarcoma of the left psoas muscle. Physical examination showed weakness of left hip flexion and knee extension accompanied by sensory loss in the left anteromedial thigh and the medial lower leg. An electrophysiological study revealed left lumbar plexopathy with selective involvement of the posterior divisions of the lumbar plexus. The patient could walk independently without a walking aid on level surfaces while he underwent exercise therapy. A comprehensive evaluation, including a physical examination, the use of imaging modalities such as computed tomography for anatomical characterization, and electrophysiological studies, is important for accurate diagnosis.

Predictors Associated With HIV Status Non-Disclosure in Korea

Kim Kyungmin,Woo Jungmin 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.16

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disclosure provides personal support to people living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (PLWH). In addition, it has important implications for disease prevention and treatment. Research on disclosure has been conducted worldwide; however, data from South Korea are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to examine whether certain demographic, medical, and psychosocial factors act as predictors of HIV serostatus non-disclosure among PLWH in South Korea. Methods: Participants consisted of 147 PLWH who visited the outpatient infection clinic between June 2020 and January 2021. Demographics, medical factors, HIV-related stigma, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured. Results: The overall disclosure rate among participants was 61.2%. Logistic regression analysis showed that lower depression (odds ratio [OR], 0.918; P = 0.021) and higher disclosure concerns (OR, 1.133; P = 0.004) were significant predictors of non-disclosure. Further, married state was a major predictor of non-disclosure when single referred (OR, 3.002; P = 0.024); however, divorce, separation, and widowed status had no significant consequences. Conclusion: In South Korea, the rate of HIV disclosure is lower than in other countries. The higher disclosure concerns, lower depression and married state were suggested to be important predictors of HIV non-disclosure. High level of perceived stigma and experienced discrimination of PLWH may have affected the results. The social atmosphere linking sexual promiscuity and disease may also have influenced these results. Nationwide efforts should continue to reduce the overall stigma and create a social environment where PLWH can feel safe to disclose their disease conditions.

The Water Deer on a Road: Road-Kill Characteristics of a Nationally Abundant but Internationally Threatened Species

Kim, Kyungmin,Seo, Hyunjin,Woo, Donggul,Park, Taejin,Song, Euigeun Institute of Forest Science 2021 Journal of Forest Science Vol.37 No.1

Despite numerous efforts on reducing road-kill worldwide, the collisions have been occurring continuously. Many factors are affecting road-kill occurrences and the effect is various by species. We investigated Hydropotes inermis argyropus road-kill characteristics on the national highway. We examined 9,099 H. i. argyropus road-kill points with distance to the gaps on road (interchange and intersection) and distance to six natural land-cover types as explanatory variables. We also examined the number of road-kill occurrences according to temporal variation using chi-square test with 9,658 events. In general, H. i. argyropus road-kill location tended to occur close to the gaps on road, agricultural lands and forests. The average distance from road-kill to the gap was 694.7 m and 78.6% of the collisions were occurred within 1 km from the gaps. In addition, Kruskal-Wallis test showed the distance between road-kill points and each land cover and the gaps was significantly different. The temporal analyses showed that the differences of the H. i. argyropus road-kill frequency are significant in both month and season. Our results implies H. i. argyropus road-kill location tended to occur close to the gaps on road, agricultural lands and forests in general, especially during May and June, according to their seasonal behavior. Thus, we suggest there is a need of concentrated management on the roads with specific characteristics for both wildlife and human safety.

Interim Guidelines on Antiviral Therapy for COVID-19

Kim Sun Bean,Huh Kyungmin,Heo Jung Yeon,Joo Eun-Jeong,Kim Youn Jeong,Choi Won Suk,Kim Yae-Jean,Seo Yu Bin,Yoon Young Kyung,Ku Nam Su,Jeong Su Jin,Kim Sung-Han,Peck Kyong Ran,Yeom Joon Sup 대한감염학회 2020 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.2

Since the first case was reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China on December 12, 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread widely to other countries since January 2020. As of April 16, 2020, 10635 confirmed cases have been reported, with 230 deaths in Korea. COVID-19 patients may be asymptomatic or show various clinical manifestations, including acute symptoms such as fever, fatigue, sore throat; pneumonia presenting as acute respiratory distress syndrome; and multiple organ failure. As COVID-19 has such varied clinical manifestations and case fatality rates, no standard antiviral therapy regimen has been established other than supportive therapy. In the present guideline, we aim to introduce potentially helpful antiviral and other drug therapies based on in vivo and in vitro research and clinical experiences from many countries.

Host Cell Nuclear Localization of Shigella flexneri Effector OspF Is Facilitated by SUMOylation

( Kyungmin Jo ),( Eun Jin Kim ),( Hyun Jin Yu ),( Cheol-heui Yun ),( Dong Wook Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

When Shigella infect host cells, various effecter molecules are delivered into the cytoplasm of the host cell through the type III secretion system (TTSS) to facilitate their invasion process and control the host immune responses. Among these effectors, the S. flexneri effector OspF dephosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinases and translocates itself to the nucleus, thus preventing histone H3 modification to regulate expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Despite the critical role of OspF, the mechanism by which it localizes in the nucleus has remained to be elucidated. In the present study, we identified a potential small ubiquitinrelated modifier (SUMO) modification site within OspF and we demonstrated that Shigella TTSS effector OspF is conjugated with SUMO in the host cell and this modification mediates the nuclear translocation of OspF. Our results show a bacterial virulence factor can exploit host post-translational machinery to execute its intracellular trafficking.