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Synthesis of TiCx Powder via the Underwater Explosion of an Explosive
Shigeru Tanaka,Ivan Bataev,Hideki Hamashima,Akihiko Tsurui,Kazuyuki Hokamoto 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.6
In this study, a novel approach to the explosive synthesis of titanium carbide (TiC) is discussed. Nonstoichiometric TiCxpowder was produced via the underwater explosion of a Ti powder encapsulated within a spherical explosive charge. Theexplosion process, bubble formation, and synthesis process were visualized using high-speed camera imaging. It was concludedthat synthesis occurred within the detonation gas during the first expansion/contraction cycle of the bubble, whichwas accompanied by a strong emission of light. The recovered powders were studied using scanning electron microscopyand X-ray diffraction. Submicron particles were generated during the explosion. An increase in the carbon content of thestarting powder resulted in an increase in the carbon content of the final product. No oxide byproducts were observed withinthe recovered powders.
Yuki Fujii,Kazuyuki Matsumoto,Hironari Kato,Yosuke Saragai,Saimon Takada,Sho Mizukawa,Shinichiro Muro,Daisuke Uchida,Takeshi Tomoda,Shigeru Horiguchi,Noriyuki Tanaka,Hiroyuki Okada 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.5
Background/Aims: This study aimed to examine the diagnostic ability of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for major vascularinvasion in pancreatic cancer and to evaluate the relationship between EUS findings and pathological distance. Methods: In total, 57 consecutive patients who underwent EUS for pancreatic cancer before surgery were retrospectively reviewed. EUSimage findings were divided into four types according to the relationship between the tumor and major vessel (types 1 and 2: invasion,types 3 and 4: non-invasion). We also compared the EUS findings and pathologically measured distances between the tumors andevaluated vessels. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of EUS diagnosis for vascular invasion were 89%, 92%, and 91%, respectively, in theveins and 83%, 94%, and 93%, respectively, in the arteries. The pathologically evaluated distances of cases with type 2 EUS findings weresignificantly shorter than those of cases with type 3 EUS findings in both the major veins (median [interquartile range], 96 [0–742] µmvs. 2,833 [1,076–5,694] µm, p=0.012) and arteries (623 [0–854] µm vs. 3,097 [1,396–6,000] µm, p=0.0061). All cases with a distance of≥1,000 µm between the tumors and main vessels were correctly diagnosed. Conclusions: Tumors at a distance ≥1,000 µm from the main vessels were correctly diagnosed by EUS.
Factors Associated with Early Hospital Arrival in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Song, Dongbeom,Tanaka, Eijirou,Lee, Kijeong,Sato, Shoichiro,Koga, Masatoshi,Kim, Young Dae,Nagatsuka, Kazuyuki,Toyoda, Kazunori,Heo, Ji Hoe Korean Stroke Society 2015 Journal of stroke Vol.17 No.2
<P><B>Background and Purpose</B></P><P>Factors associated with early arrival may vary according to the characteristics of the hospital. We investigated the factors associated with early hospital arrival in two different stroke centers located in Korea and Japan.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Consecutive patients with ischemic stroke arrived hospital within 48 hours of onset between January 2011 and December 2012 were identified and the clinical and time variables were retrieved from the prospective stroke registries of Severance Hospital of Yonsei University Health System (YUHS; Seoul, Korea) and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (NCVC; Osaka, Japan). Subjects were dichotomized into early (time from onset to arrival ≤4.5 hours) and late (>4.5 hours) arrival groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with early hospital arrival.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 1,966 subjects (992 from YUHS; 974 from NCVC) were included in this study. The median time from onset to arrival was 6.1 hours [interquartile range, 1.7-17.8 hours]. In multivariate analysis, the factors associated with early arrival were atrial fibrillation (Odds ratio [OR], 1.505; 95% confidence interval [CI], [1.168-1.939]), higher initial National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores (OR, 1.037; 95% CI [1.023-1.051]), onset during daytime (OR, 2.799; 95% CI [2.173-3.605]), and transport by an emergency medical service (OR, 2.127; 95% CI [1.700-2.661]). These factors were consistently associated with early arrival in both hospitals.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Despite differences between the hospitals, there were common factors related to early arrival. Efforts to identify and modify these factors may promote early hospital arrival and improve stroke outcome.</P>
Soichi Murakami,Kazuyuki Hirose,Yo Kurashima,Nagato Sato,Saseem Poudel,Kimitaka Tanaka,Aya Matsui,Yoshitsugu Nakanishi,Toshimichi Asano,Takehiro Noji,Yuma Ebihara,Toru Nakamura,Takahiro Tsuchikawa,Kaz 대한외상중환자외과학회 2023 Journal of Acute Care Surgery Vol.13 No.2
Purpose: General surgeons at regional hospitals should have the primary trauma care skills necessary to treat critically ill trauma patients to withstand transfer. This study was conducted to identify a consensus on primary trauma care skills for general surgeons. Methods: An initial list of acute care surgical skills was compiled, and revised by six trauma experts (acute care surgeons); 33 skills were nominated for inclusion in the Delphi consensus survey. Participants (councilors of the Japanese Society for Acute Care Surgery) were presented with the list of 33 trauma care skills and were asked (using web-based software) to rate how strongly they agreed or disagreed (using a 5-point Likert scale) with the necessity of each skill for a general surgeon. The reliability of consensus was predefined as Cronbach’s α ≥ 0.8, and trauma care skills were considered as primarily required when rated 4 (agree) or 5 (strongly agree) by ≥ 80% participants. Results: There were 117 trauma care specialists contacted to participate in the Delphi consensus survey panel. In the 1st round, 85 specialists participated (response rate: 72.6%). In the 2nd round, 66 specialists participated (response rate: 77.6%). Consensus was achieved after two rounds, reliability using Cronbach’s α was 0.94, and 34 items were identified as primary trauma care skills needed by general surgeons. Conclusion: A consensus-based list of trauma care skills required by general surgeons was developed. This list can facilitate the development of a new trauma training course which has been optimized for general surgeons.
김형진,Kumiko Takata,Katsunori Tanaka,Ryoji Yamashima,Jun Matsumoto,Kazuyuki Saito,Toshihiko Takemura,Tetsuzo Yasunari 한국기상학회 2014 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.50 No.4
A series of 60-year numerical experiments starting from 1851 was conducted using a global climate model coupled with an aerosol-cloud-radiation model to investigate the response of the Asian summer monsoon to variations in the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) flux induced by two different estimations of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions. One estimation was obtained from a pre-existing archive and the other was generated by a next-generation model (the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature, MEGAN). The use of MEGAN resulted in an overall increase of the SOA production through a higher rate of gasto- particle conversion of BVOCs. Consequently, the atmospheric loading of organic carbon (OC) increased due to the contribution of SOA to OC aerosol. The increase of atmospheric OC aerosols was prominent in particular in the Indian subcontinent and Indochina Peninsula (IP) during the pre- and early-monsoon periods because the terrestrial biosphere is the major source of BVOC emissions and the atmospheric aerosol concentration diminishes rapidly with the arrival of monsoon rainfall. As the number of atmospheric OC particles increased, the number concentrations of cloud droplets increased, but their size decreased. These changes represent a combination of aerosol-cloud interactions that were favorable to rainfall suppression. However, the modeled precipitation was slightly enhanced in May over the oceans that surround the Indian subcontinent and IP. Further analysis revealed that a compensating updraft in the surrounding oceans was induced by the thermally-driven downdraft in the IP, which was a result of surface cooling associated with direct OC aerosol radiative forcing, and was able to surpass the aerosolcloud interactions. The co-existence of oceanic ascending motion with the maximum convective available potential energy was also found to be crucial for rainfall formation. Although the model produced statistically significant rainfall changes with locally organized patterns, the suggested pathways should be considered guardedly because in the simulation results, 1) the BVOC-induced aerosol direct effect was marginal; 2) cloud-aerosol interactions were modeldependent; and 3) Asian summer monsoons were biased to a nonnegligible extent.
Misaki Hanaoka,HIDEHIRO KANEDA,SHINKI OYABU,Yasuki Hattori,Kotomi Tanaka,Sota Ukai,Kazuyuki Shichi,Takehiko Wada,Toyoaki Suzuki,Kentaroh Watanabe,Koichi Nagase,Shunsuke Baba,Chihiro Kochi 한국천문학회 2017 天文學論叢 Vol.32 No.1
To realize large-format compact array detectors covering a wide far-infrared wavelength range up to 200 $\mu$m, we have been developing Blocked-Impurity-Band (BIB) type Ge detectors with the room-temperature surface-activated wafer bonding technology provided by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. We fabricated various types of $p^+$-$i$ junction devices which possessed a BIB-type structure, and evaluated their spectral response curves using a Fourier transform spectrometer. From the Hall effect measurement, we also obtained the physical characteristics of the $p^+$ layers which constituted the $p^+$-$i$ junction devices. The overall result of our measurement shows that the $p^+$-$i$ junction devices have a promising applicability as a new far-infrared detector to cover a wavelength range of 100--200 μm.