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Synthesis of TiCx Powder via the Underwater Explosion of an Explosive
Shigeru Tanaka,Ivan Bataev,Hideki Hamashima,Akihiko Tsurui,Kazuyuki Hokamoto 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.6
In this study, a novel approach to the explosive synthesis of titanium carbide (TiC) is discussed. Nonstoichiometric TiCxpowder was produced via the underwater explosion of a Ti powder encapsulated within a spherical explosive charge. Theexplosion process, bubble formation, and synthesis process were visualized using high-speed camera imaging. It was concludedthat synthesis occurred within the detonation gas during the first expansion/contraction cycle of the bubble, whichwas accompanied by a strong emission of light. The recovered powders were studied using scanning electron microscopyand X-ray diffraction. Submicron particles were generated during the explosion. An increase in the carbon content of thestarting powder resulted in an increase in the carbon content of the final product. No oxide byproducts were observed withinthe recovered powders.
Noise robustness of synchronization in a unit network
이상귀,Shigeru Tanaka,김승환 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.4
Recently, various studies have focused on the synchronization phenomenon in the nervous system. In this paper,we focused our attention on the underlying mechanism of synchronization and the robustness of synchronization through a simple unit network of globally coupled excitatory cells. Our network model with various numbers of neurons exhibits synchronized activities that originate from strong lateral excitatory connections. The degree of synchronization is quantified by the measure of the peak height of the power spectrum (PHPS). We find that the synchronization in the firing activities is a robust phenomenon against variations in the noise intensity even though the firing rate is sensitive to such variations. Our study on the robustness of synchronization can be a basis for a study on the role of synchronization in information processing.
Characteristic Evolution of Residual Stress in Shape Memory Fe-Mn-Si-Cr Alloys
Suzuki, Shigeru,Kwon, Eui Pyo,Tanaka, Shunichiro Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2014 Materials science forum Vol.768 No.-
<P>Since the matrix phase is transformed to martensitic phase in shape memory alloys (SMAs) during plastic deformation, complicated residual stresses may arise during deformation, and they may affect the shape recovery ability of the alloys. Thus, it is important to be able to characterize the residual stresses formed in SMAs during plastic deformation and annealing. In this study, X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the residual stress formed in a Fe-Mn-Si-Cr SMA, which was deformed in the tensile direction and subsequently annealed. The results showed that the compressive stress persisted in the tensile direction of the face-centered cubic (fcc) matrix upon tensile deformation and unloading. Compressive stress is believed to result from the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase formed during stress-induced martensitic transformation. After the deformed samples were annealed to recover their shapes, the residual stress was considerably reduced. This is believed to be due to the decrease in the formation of the hcp phase or to the recovery of their shapes during annealing. Our results indicated that residual stress in the fcc matrix phase is associated with the shape recovery characteristics of the alloys after martensitic and reverse martensitic transformations.</P>
Dynamic Chest X-Ray Using a Flat-Panel Detector System: Technique and Applications
Hata Akinori,Yamada Yoshitake,Tanaka Rie,Nishino Mizuki,Hida Tomoyuki,Hino Takuya,Ueyama Masako,Yanagawa Masahiro,Kamitani Takeshi,Kurosaki Atsuko,Sanada Shigeru,Jinzaki Masahiro,Ishigami Kousei,Tomiy 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.4
Dynamic X-ray (DXR) is a functional imaging technique that uses sequential images obtained by a flat-panel detector (FPD). This article aims to describe the mechanism of DXR and the analysis methods used as well as review the clinical evidence for its use. DXR analyzes dynamic changes on the basis of X-ray translucency and can be used for analysis of diaphragmatic kinetics, ventilation, and lung perfusion. It offers many advantages such as a high temporal resolution and flexibility in body positioning. Many clinical studies have reported the feasibility of DXR and its characteristic findings in pulmonary diseases. DXR may serve as an alternative to pulmonary function tests in patients requiring contact inhibition, including patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 or other infectious diseases. Thus, DXR has a great potential to play an important role in the clinical setting. Further investigations are needed to utilize DXR more effectively and to establish it as a valuable diagnostic tool.
Kamiya, Mitsuru,Kamiya, Yuko,Tanaka, Masahito,Shioya, Shigeru Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.8
This experiment was performed to examine the influences of high ambient temperature on milk production, nutrient digestibility, energy and protein sufficiency ratio, and plasma metabolites concentration in lactating cows. In a $2{\times}2$ crossover design, four multiparous lactating Holstein cows were maintained in a chamber under treatment of constant moderate ($18^{\circ}C$) ambient temperature (MT) or high ($28^{\circ}C$) ambient temperatures (HT). The DMI and milk protein yield were significantly lower in HT (p<0.05). The milk yield, milk lactose yield, and milk SNF yield tended to be lower in HT (p<0.10). No statistical differences for 4% fat-corrected milk and milk fat yield were observed. Rectal temperatures were significantly higher in HT than MT (p<0.05). The apparent DM, OM, ether extract, CF, and ash digestibility did not differ between treatments. On the other hand, the apparent CP digestibility was increased significantly (p<0.05) and nitrogen free extract tended to increase (p<0.10) in HT. The sufficiency ratio of ME and DCP intake for each requirement tended to be lower in HT than in MT (p<0.10). Concentrations of total protein (TP), albumin, and urea nitrogen in plasma did not differ between treatments. Plasma 3-methylhistidine (3MH) concentration as a marker of myofibrillar protein degradation tended to be higher in HT (p<0.15). In conclusion, high ambient temperature was associated with a lower energy and protein sufficiency ratio, and decreased milk protein production, even though the body protein mobilization tended to be higher.
Clear Air Turbulence Detection with Neural Networks
Fabio K. Nakabayashi,Takashi Misaka,Shigeru Obayashi,Hisamichi Tanaka,Hamaki Inokuchi 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Neural Networks are applied for the combination of 8 experimental hazard indices, in the search for a more reliable and more robust hazard model of Clear Air Turbulence. The experimental data consists of actual flight data from 5 turbulence encounters, as provided by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). Measurement Integrated Simulation has been conducted with this data, and the hazard indices were computed from the simulation results of the calculated flow field. Results suggest that neural networks might be useful to address the robustness problem of the hazard indices, since the consol idated index derived by the network consistently presented a performance that was close to or slightly superior to the best indices for each flight case. Overall results showed a probability of detection (pd1) = 0.47 for a false alarm ratio of (1- pd0) = 0.1.
Chihara, Takeshi,Shimpo, Kan,Kaneko, Takaaki,Beppu, Hidehiko,Higashiguchi, Takashi,Sonoda, Shigeru,Tanaka, Miyuki,Yamada, Muneo,Abe, Fumiaki Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2
Aloe vera gel exhibits protective effects against insulin resistance as well as lipid-lowering and anti-diabetic effects. The anti-diabetic compounds in this gel were identified as Aloe-sterols. Aloe vera gel extract (AVGE) containing Aloe-sterols has recently been produced using a new procedure. We previously reported that AVGE reduced large-sized intestinal polyps in Apc-deficient Min mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), suggesting that Aloe vera gel may protect against colorectal cancer. In the present study, we examined the effects of Aloe vera gel powder (AVGP) and AVGE on azoxymethane-induced colorectal preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in mice fed a HFD. Male C57BL/6J mice were given a normal diet (ND), HFD, HFD containing 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose solution, which was used as a solvent for AVGE (HFDC), HFD containing 3% or 1% AVGP, and HFDC containing 0.0125% (H-) or 0.00375% (L-) AVGE. The number of ACF was significantly lower in mice given 3% AVGP and H-AVGE than in those given HFD or HFDC alone. Moreover, 3% AVGP, H-AVGE and L-AVGE significantly decreased the mean Ki-67 labeling index, assessed as a measure of cell proliferation in the colonic mucosa. In addition, hepatic phase II enzyme glutathione S-transferase mRNA levels were higher in the H-AVGE group than in the HFDC group. These results suggest that both AVGP and AVGE may have chemopreventive effects on colorectal carcinogenesis under the HFD condition. Furthermore, the concentration of Aloe-sterols was similar between 3% AVGP and H-AVGE, suggesting that Aloe-sterols were the main active ingredients in this experiment.